Guta guru Karakalpakstan - Nukus. Zvionera Republic of Karakalpakstan muna Uzbekistan sorutivi

Karakalpakstan - Republic muna Central Asia, inova chikamu Uzbekistan. A inoshamisa nzvimbo wakakomberedzwa mumarenje. Ndivanaani vari Karakalpak Republic aumba uye sei? Aripiko nayo iri? Chii kunakidza pano unogona kuona?

Republic rwaoma gungwa

The ndima Karakalpakstan iri mu mumupata Amu DARYA River uye kunosvika pamhenderekedzo yeGungwa Aral - kamwe wechina pakukura munyika. zvokuvhoterwa iyi Uzbekistan akava nomukurumbira. Karakalpakstan rava nzvimbo zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza njodzi. Munguva Soviet, mvura inoyerera muGungwa Aral vakatanga kutungamirira nzizi yokudiridza mumhenderekedzo dzegungwa munzvimbo. Zvishoma nezvishoma, gungwa rakatanga kukura kudzika uye yakaoma.

Kwekutanga muGungwa Aral yaigarwa zvinokosha mhando hove, vakawanda vakanga akashandiswa fishery. Paiva akawanda zvinomera hove uye mafekitari. Nokuda benzi kushandisa mvura pamwero iri kudzikira ose gore. Ndima Sea zvishoma akahwina mugwenga, uye mishonga inoshandiswa kurima, rakachengetedzwa pamusoro pemvura, zvichiita munyu uye mhepo munharaunda muchetura.

Zvino Republic of Karakalpakstan Unonzi "kumakuva zvikepe." Munguva anononoka nokuomesa yegungwa, ngarava dzakawanda vakaramba vakamira panzvimbo. Aimbova chiteshi chengarava Moinak zvino huru mudziyo ora, riri pakati inopisa murenje sand.

tsananguro

Karakalpakstan ndiye anotonga zvokuvhoterwa, inova chikamu Uzbekistan. Kuti mubve munyika, zvinogona maererano referendum. Changamire chinzvimbo anobvumira Karakalpakstan vakazvimiririra hwokubata administrative nemamiriro zvokuvhoterwa, pasina kubvumirana Uzbekistan.

Karakalpakstan ine yayo mureza, mufananidzo, rumbo uye kunyange bumbiro uye hurumende masangano. Purezidhendi Karakalpakstan Erniyazov Musa Tazhetdinovich ndiyo sachigaro rokuremekedza. Ndima The Republic iri muzvikamu 14 munzvimbo, inonzi bvungapfunga. Guta guru Karakalpakstan - Nukus - iri yoga administrative chimwe. Ndicho pakukura guta zvokuvhoterwa. Mamwe maguta makuru vari Turtkul Chimbal, Khodjeyli, Beruni, Kungrad uye Takhiatash.

Economy anobva pakuva zvokurima uye indasitiri. Kurimwa zviyo (gorosi uye mupunga), donje, sirika. Rakabudiswa zvipfuwo. Nyika ndiyo chete pasoda chirimwa muCentral Asia, muna Kungrad Carbide achibudiswa Hodzheylise ari fekitari girazi, guta guru Karakalpakstan ane waya uye machena mafekitari.

jogirafi

Chimwe chinofadza zvikuru nyika Central Asia - zviri zvirokwazvo Karakalpakstan. Where Republic iri? It iri pamusoro Turan neyamapani, kumadokero chikamu Uzbekistan. Kumabvazuva nayo pamuganhu nharaunda mbiri nyika (Navoi uye Khorezm). Western, kuchamhembe uye kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kumuganhu Zimbabwe Karakalpakstan anogoverana pamwe Republic of Kazakhstan, kumaodzanyemba uye rwezasi-mabvazuva - pamwe Turkmenistan.

Mumagwenga yepasisa zhinji munharaunda Republic, kureva 80%. Kuchamhembe kwakadziva ndiye Desert Kyzylkum. Kuchamhembe kwenyika panzvimbo muGungwa Aral, romugwenga itsva - Aralkum. Inoitwa jecha uye chepfu munyu, izvo kukanganisa utano vemo vakawanda.

Ecological njodzi yekudyidzana zvakakanganisa okunze Republic. Akave zvikuru Continental uye drier kuvat. Muzhizha kuchipisa uye shoma kunonaya, yechando inotonhora uye anenge asina chando. Muna Amu DARYA Delta masango riparian kukura. Vamwe vanhuwo murenje uswa - pamiti.

History of Karakalpakstan

On munharaunda ano Karakalpak vanhu vakararama kubvira neolithic nguva. Hwaro Karakalpak marudzi kwemarudzi Pechenegs akaenda, akagara pano pamwe Oguz pamusoro muna II-VI emakore BC. Zita mutsva dzinza raiva ichaparara heti kugadzirwa dema dzemakwai.

Pakutanga mashoko XIV remakore aumbwa Nogai Khanate, zvinosanganisira uye Karakalpak. Gare gare, rakakamurwa akawanda mapoka. Pamwe nhanhatu Horde ulus Karakalpak vagere Gungwa Aral mudunhu, uye muna 1714 wakateya Karakalpak wake Khanate.

Pashure pokukundwa ari Khanate of Kalmyks vokuparidzira inoenda Tashkent, uye chikamu rikaramba riri dzakaderera kunosvika ari Ishe DARYA. Zvayaiva pajinga rwerwizi Karakalpak vakazova nyaya Russian Emperor.

Next Karakalpakstan chikamu-siyana ruzhinji masangano. Muna 1917, zvinova chikamu Kazakh ASSR, zvino inoshuma zvakananga Socialist Russia. Muna 1932 iye akaumba Karakalpak ASSR. Muna 1936, Republic yakava chikamu Uzbek SSR, mushure Soviet Union akasiya Karakalpakstan zvionera zvokuvhoterwa mukati Uzbekistan, kusaina chibvumirano kwemakore 20.

uwandu hwevanhu

In Karakalpakstan vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 1,8. Kuwanda dzomumaguta uye vokumaruwa pamusoro vakaenzana, asi vokumaruwa vachiri zvikunde. On mundima zvionera Zimbabwe vakawanda upenyu muna Karakalpak chikamu Uzbekistan (vanenge 500 zviuru). nhamba yavo zvachose anenge 600 zviuru. A duku chikamu vanhu vaigara Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan uye Russia.

Nhamba Uzbek uye Karakalpak Republic of Karakalpakstan iri rinenge chete. Kazakhs vari wechitatu dzinza hwakapararira. Mukati Republic pane mitauro miviri National: Uzbek uye Karakalpak. mutauro Karakalpak ane zvakawanda zvakafanana pamwe Kazakh, izvo kunowanzokonzera enyika kusiyana pakati yevagari. The chikuru chitendero Sunni Islam.

zvinokwezva zvokuvhoterwa

Karakalpakstan akadana matongo chengetedza. Pane anenge mapfumbamwe matongo nzvimbo, akadai kugarwa pamusoro Toprak-Kala, izvo akavapo munguva kubva ndiri IV remakore AD. Mumwe yokugara, Dzhanpyk Kala, akavapo pamusoro munharaunda zvokuvhoterwa pamwechete IX-XI emakore.

Pakati archeological monument - nhare yekare Kyzyl-Kala, Big Guldunsur, Janbas Kala. Last asati auya yedu uye shongwe ine tsika Khorezm. Panewo nzvimbo dzakawanda dzokunamatira. Pakati pavo Koykrylgan Kala. Ichi chivako cylindrical 80 metres yakakwirira, yaishandiswa nokuda kunamata Zoroastrians, gare gare yakava chiratidzo shongwe.

Kunze mapurani zvinokwezva, panewo dzinongoitika munyika. Chokutanga ari Gungwa Aral ari dzotsauka renje yemakuva ngarava akare chiteshi Moinak uye Kyzylkum gwenga zvachose. Next kuti rwizi Amu DARYA ari kuchengeterwa Badai Tugay.

guta guru Karakalpakstan

Nukus iri pamhenderekedzo iri Amu DARYA River nechepakati chikamu nyika. The guta chikuru haana nguva dzose, nokuti basa iri kuteererwa guta Turktkul nguva refu. Guta guru Karakalpakstan zvakachinja muna 1933.

The guta musha vanenge 300,000 vagari. Ndicho chikuru munyika. Pamutemo musi waro pakagadzwa anoonekwa kuti 1860, asi vaongorori vanoti Nukus - guta rine kare. Misha muguta iripo kare. With IV BC. e. IV pamusoro n. e. pano ndipo Shurcha Fort, akavaka kuvagari Khorezm Khanate.

The Sea Aral haasi kure, saka Nukus (Karakalpakstan) vakasangana zvinokonzerwa njodzi. Capital kubva kumativi ose wakapoteredzwa mumarenje pamusoro Karakum, Kyzylkum uye Ustyurt Aralkum - ichi dzine mabwe murenje. Pasinei chokwadi kuti guta guru reRepublic akapoteredzwa murenje, Nukus - guta greenery uye maruva.

zvinokwezva Nukus

Guta guru Karakalpakstan havana zvizhinji chisingakanganwiki nzvimbo. The huru zvinokwezva muguta ndivo mamiziyamu. Mumwe wavo ari Museum of Art ainzi pashure IV Savitsky, yakatsaurirwa kuna Russian chains-garde mufananidzo pamusoro XX remakore. Unonzi History Museum Berdakh. kuratidzwa kwake anotura siyana matongo anowana munyika.

Pedyo netaundi riri chivakwa Chilpyk echitendero, yakavakwa muna II remakore AD. It iri pachikomo 30 metres kureba uye ane chimiro ane mhete rakavhurika ane dhayamita iri vanenge 70 mamita.

Between Nukus uye guta iri mapurani kunzwisisa Hodzheylis Mizdahkan. It rinotaurawo kuti matongo nzvimbo, sezvo yakanga yakavakwa muna IV remakore BC uye kwakatora kusvikira XIV remakore BC. The kunzwisisa rinofukidza anenge mazana maviri hectares. Its chikuru zvikamu, zvakadai makuva, vari pamusoro pezvikomo matatu.

mhedziso

Nheyo Zimbabwe Karakalpakstan chinhu yokuAsia rudzi Karakalpak. The dzidzo kwevanhu vokutanga pachena zvinogona kunzi Karakalpak Khanate vakasikwa XVIII remakore. Zvino Karakalpakstan chikamu Uzbekistan. A Nukus ndiro guta rayo guru.

A nzvimbo yakakura zvokuvhoterwa rinosanganisira mumarenje. Mumwe wavo ari kuumbwa somugumisiro kuomesa kweGungwa Aral. Munzvimbo yayo zvino mutsva gwenga Aralkum. Zvisinei, nzvimbo gwenga - hazvisi Karakalpakstan zvose. Vanhu vari munzvimbo iyi vakararama pamwe zvakawanda chinyakare nguva, saka vazhinji matongo uye mapurani sezvivako. Vamwe vavo pamberi munhambo yedu.