Mamiriro emamiriro ezvinhu transistors uye maitiro avo ekushanda

Munda-inonzi transistors ndiwo madivayiri emasimicucuctor ayo anoshandiswa nemitemo inobva pakugadzirisa kwekudzivirira nemhepo inoshandiswa magetsi yenhengo semiconductor.

Chinhu chakasiyana chezvigadzirwa zvemhando iyi ndeyokuti masimba emagetsi anokonzeresa ane high voltage amplification factor uye yakakwirira inopikisana.

Vatakuri chete vemhosva imwechete (electrons) vanobatanidzwa mukugadzirwa kwemagetsi emagetsi aya aya.

Kune marudzi maviri emunda-effect transistors:

- kuva nechimiro cheMIS; Mishonga, inoteverwa ne dielectric, ipapo semiconductor (MDP);

- kuva nekutonga pn junction.

Chimiro chemaitiro mashoma-e-transistor chinosanganisira ndiro yakagadzirirwa semiconductor zvinhu zvine pn junction pakati nepakati nevasina kururamisa vanoenda kumativi.

I electrode yegadziriro yakadaro, iyo inotakura vatakuri vanopfuurira kumutevedzeri, inonzi inonzi, uye electrode, iyo inoshandiswa nemagetsi kubva mumugwagwa, inodzwa.

Dzimwe nguva zvinowanzoitika kuti zvigadzirwa zvakakosha izvi zvakakundikana. Nokudaro, panguva yekugadzirisa chero magetsi emagetsi, inowanzodiwa kuti uone kushanda kwenharaunda inopinda.

Kuti uite izvi, zvakakosha kubuda kwechigadzirwa, tk. Pakufambisa kwemagetsi haigone kuvimbiswa. Uye zvino, kutevera dzimwe mirayiridzo, ramba uine kuongorora.

Munda wepakati transistors ane maitiro maviri ekushanda - simba uye key.

Nzira yakakosha yekushanda kwerutenderi ndiyo imwe iyo iyo transistor iri mumatunhu maviri - yakazara yakazara kana yakavharwa zvachose. Asi nzvimbo yepakati, apo chikamu chacho chikasununguka, hachipo.

Munyaya yakakodzera, apo transistor "yakazaruka", i.e. Icho chiri mune izvo zvinonzi kutengesa mamiriro, kukwikwidza pakati pe "kukonzera" uye "chitubu" zvigaro zvinowedzera zero.

Kurasikirwa kwesimba munzvimbo yakasununguka kunomiririrwa nechigadzirwa chevhiri (yakaenzana ne zero) nehuwandu hwezvino. Somugumisiro, simba rekupararira ndezero.

Mune cutoff mode, kureva kuti, kana transistor yakavharwa, kupikisa kwaro pakati pe "drain / source" kunotungamirira kusingapfuuri. Kurasikirwa kwesimba muhurumende yakavharwa ndicho chigadzirwa chechivako chinokosha nehuwandu hwezvino hunoenzana ne zero. Nokudaro, kurasikirwa simba = 0.

Icho chinotarisa kuti mune chinhu chikuru iyo kurasikirwa kwemasimba kwevatengesi ndezero.

Mukuita, neine transistor yakazaruka, zvakasununguka, kumwe kukwikwidza / kubuda "kunowanikwa" kuchavapo. Nechitsekidziro chakavhara, ikozvino kwemazuva ano inotenderera kuburikidza nezvipfigiso izvi. Nokudaro, mu static mode, kurasikirwa kwesimba mumutambo hakusi.

Uye mumamiriro ezvinhu akadai, kana shanduko ichivharwa kana kuti yakasununguka, nzvimbo yaro yakatarisa inokonzera nzvimbo yekushanda iyo ikozvino iri kupfuura nepakati penistor mumamiriro ezvinhu inoita hafu yenguva ino. Asi mhepo ye "drain / source" kazhinji inosvika hafu yepamusoro. Somugumisiro, simba rinoshandiswa remutenderi rinopa kugoverwa kwekurasikirwa kukuru kwemasimba, izvo zvinoderedza "kwete" zvinhu zvinoshamisa zveiyi nzira.

Asi, zvakare, kuvapo kwemazuva kwenguva refu kwechitenderi mune imwe nzira yakanyanyisa kunonyanya kudarika nguva yakareba mu static mode. Somugumisiro, kubudirira kwekufambisa kwechitenderi , iyo inoshanda mune chinhu chikuru, yakakwirira kwazvo uye inogona kubva kubva makumi mapfumbamwe nematatu kusvikira makumi mapfumbamwe nemasere muzana.

Munda-inonzi transistors, iyo inoshanda mumamiriro ekuronga, anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumasimba ekushandura masimba, mumagetsi emagetsi ekutsvaga, mumagariro ekubuda kwevamwe vanoendesa, nezvimwewo.