Maoko Small: AK-12. Features AK-12

Ngatitange hurukuro yedu pamusoro AK-12 pamwe nemashoko. Vaverengi vakawanda pakutanga vanoona chinogumbura. Ivo vari kuvhiringidzika, asingazivi wakadii zvombo: pfuti kana kurwiswa pfuti. We ngaachimbidzike kukuzivisai kuti chokwadi ichi, sezvo kazhinji, yakareruka: ndizvo zvimwechete. Russian shoko "muchina" (vakatanga kushandisa armourer Frolov) muna Chirungu pakutanga hwaienzanirana kurova pfuti, kuti rinongoreva "dzepabonde pfuti."

New AK-12 akagadzirirwa panguva Izhevsk Machine-Building Plant achitungamirirwa nomukuru injiniya neboka - Tula gunsmith Zlobin Vladimir Viktorovich.

Ichi chombo V chizvarwa Mitambo pachishandiswa ano ruzivo pamusoro dzekare kushandisa michina, chokuita refu nzira gasi pisitoni uye kutenderera bhaudhi. Rinokosha STRUCTURAL kuchinja kwakaitwa kuti receiver.

The chikuru mirayiridzo yokuti kwaiva kuwedzera rakarurama moto, nani ergonomics, itsva modular design, akura "nyoro" mhute kushandisa michina, vachikwanisa kushandisa dzakasiyana-siyana girinedhi launchers. The chikuru geji zvombo (apa millimeters) - 5.45 39 (uyewo AK-74). Zvisinei, sezvo vachaitwa nemamwe calibers: 5,56 kusvika 45; 7,62 kusvika 39; 7,62 kusvika 51. Kugadzirwa riri kutarisirwa 7,62 51 (NATO mureza) uye 6,5 Grendel.

sarudzo

Sei kutsanangura itsva dzepabonde pfuti kubudikidza functionality? Sezvo November egore rapera, sezvamunoziva, pamusoro bvunzo firings inoitwa musi izhmashevskoy bvunzo chawo, yakanga yakasimbisa akazivisa zvechadenga muchina. Muchirimo 2014 nayo rakapera ayo razrabotcheskie uye bvunzo basa TSNIITOCHMASH, uye AK-12 kupinda basa. Mauto achaidya ari kuita, izvo achipfeka 5,45 uye 7,62 mm. Uyewo, chombo itsva ichi chichaitwa nokushingaira aivigirwa. Ona kuti mumwe pfungwa yaro zvisikwa aiva kuwedzera Russian mugove dzemarudzi maoko pamusika somugumisiro vakabudirira kukwikwidzana vatorwa mimwe michina.

The mashoko aya chaiva mutsara Oleg Bochkarev, mutevedzeri sachigaro remauto maindasitiri zvakaoma pamusoro Hurumende Russian musi 16.09.2013, mune bvunzurudzo yeredhiyo "Echo of Moscow".

Other mashoko leaked kubva pepanhau "Vzglyad", kunoratidza kuti President kweRussia mvumo zvinotevera zano updating michina Defense hwoUmambo: Russian Technologies dzesangano vari vakatsinhanisa mumwe muchina mutsva pamusoro nematatu Ushumiri Kudzivirira nezvombo dzokuchengetera.

The itsva panyanya pfuti, zvakagadzirirwa kutsiva imire AK-74 zvombo. Nhasi, sezvo tinoziva, muenzaniso uyu anoita inokosha inifanduri chombo. It, chaizvoizvo, vave dzakachinjwa, kutanga pachine (mu "anonetsa" makwikwi kukura "Abakan"), uye ipapo - yacho ndoga muna 2013-2014. (Panguva kudzamisa "Abakan budiriro" nangananga konstuirovaem itsva "Kalashnikov"). Miedzo akaratidza AK-12: maoko pamusika akauya mutsva chombo anotyisa, munzira dzakawanda hunhu kurohwa nepfuti kukudyira dzimwe nyika.

kuvandudza Major

Somugumisiro, zvinhu basa pamukova yezwi V chizvarwa "Kalashnikov" iri dzinokosha design AK-74M (IV Generation) 18 yakagadzirwa inokosha STRUCTURAL kuchinja. Panguva iyoyo akakwanisa achengetedze chaiwo "Kalashnikov" marongerwo, akavimbika uye nyore.

AK-12 hwakapiwa simba itsva vagadziri rinokonzera mashandiro unobvumira kuti vachiridzira pakubhadhara zvitatu nomoto kurira kwepfuti kuroorwa, anokanda watsemuka, watsemuka kwepfuti pfupi (akacheka-kure) - iri dzinenge nhatu.

Zvinokosha mberi: pakupedzisira ane zvombo otomatiki Russian pashure pemakore pokukurukurirana, achiri rine chaizvoizvo hwomutambarakede ergonomic kuzvidzora.

Panguva miedzo akaona zvivanakire shangu telescoping buttstock, sighting mubato. Used butts maviri nadzurudzo. Wokutanga - uya, chaizvoizvo, ane imwe Kalashnikov AK-74. Wechipiri - kupfuura manufacturable, telescopic mashanu nzvimbo kuchinja. The yokupedzisira unobvumidza zvakakwana kufanira maoko pasi anthropometry museve. Sezvineiwo akaderedza hazviiti, izvo chokwadi kunokanganisa rakarurama moto. Nani kupfura muoti cutoff.

The muchina ane modular design, izvo zvinoita kugadzwa kuchinjaniswa emiti dzakasiyana caliber uye urefu. Rakagadzirirwa sezvo zvaiva pachikuva kunosanganisira kukura 20 tevera okunatsiridza.

Kana afunge mutsva Russian kurwisa pfuti inoshandisa achangobuda zvinhu uye coatings. Paivakwa yepakutanga 10 patented rwokugadzira mhinduro.

ergonomics

Shandisa AK-12 kuruboshwe-hander ichava sechinhu nyore sezvo kurudyi-hander: mubato kuti recharge, panguva kusarudza zvombo tenzi, nyore rearranged kana kuruboshwe kana kurudyi. Chokwadi, pesvedzero inobatsira pamaitiro ayo rwisana nezvaanogona dzinotevera pachena chepfungwa wakabata muchina neruoko rumwe, zvichiita kuti chinja chete mhando moto, kusunungura rukanda rweshangu dzake kuchitoro, kuisa chombo pamusoro fiyuzi, uye kupfura iye. Kuti aite izvi, kunyanya nokuti thumbs kupfura ruoko akashongedzerwa 2-nzira 4-nzira mushanduri-fiyuzi.

Recharge nguva kushoma AK-12 tichiregeredza kuvakwa chitsva yemasiraidhi chemabhazi bhatani iri pedyo kupfuura chitoro, kurutivi mugamuchiri kurudyi. Machine ane chandagwinyira maumbirwo: nokusimbaradza mugamuchiri kufukidza tichiregeredza akavimbika pamberi nekunyatsotsanangura maererano dzaro receiver. In navaivanda mugove chivharo ichi akatasva ne chaiwo chihuri actuable mhikuriso yaiva payo chete shure-kodzero.

akatasva mudziyo

Mune nzira fastening zvakasimba akagadzikana nzvimbo kavha mugamuchiri hama kuti mudende, iyo pave mamwe mikana kushandisa zvakabatanidzwa. Zvinogoneka kuti zviite ichi mamwe basa, mugamuchiri pakavha kunyorwa kwenyaya Picatinny njanji (inowanikwawo kubva pasi uye mativi kuti honokono uye gasi kamuri).

Uchibatsirwa wavo, "flick pamusoro chiningoningo" mutsva "Kalashnikov" AK-12 ichichinja kuita girinedhi launcher. Pasi chikomboredzo foregrip chinogona kubatanidzwa rakasiyana-siyana girinedhi launchers 40 mm Chiremba-25 "Fire" (kuparadza wevapenyu ehondo muvengi), 40-mm Chiremba-30 "Obuvka" nokuti vachiridzira shrapnel caseless zvombo, 40 mm akavandudzika (isina misfire) GP-34.

nani vavarira

Kuvandudzwa otomatiki mhute hunotora ane optimized pakuenzanisa kutamira zvikamu uye zvenhengo kunonyanyisa kushandiswa tomu mabhureki - ichi zvose ndiyo nzira vakauya mutsva kurwisa pfuti chokupika yakaenzana pakati nepakati automatics (AK-107).

Kalashnikov AK-12 ari vakapakata nani shinda pooling uye suo, iyo ine pesvedzero inobatsira parameters zvakarurama.

Takatodzidza ataurwa munyaya ino Innovation rukungiso mashandiro. We wedzera kuti kunoita kuti asvike mwero kuita kana vaipfura ine chekawo-kure 1000 vaitenderera paminiti, uye pamwe nekurutsa - 600 (nokuti iyoyo). pasina kutora maziso avo kubva pamberi shizha museve yezwi kupfura modes yakaitwa. chinja asati rinosvika nyore thumbs wako, vakasundira chikungiso. Bato Iri nyore, vakakurumidza kuenda automatism.

New AK-12, nokuda chambotaurwa nezvacho zviuno, akawana mukana fastening michina zvakananga zvarinoita kururama kupfura: ose zvinotyisa (Manyiminya Somuenzaniso, ACOG vake, collimator, usiku, zvemaziso), Laser designators uye tactical mwenje. Rakarurama kupfura uyewo chokwadi sei kuwedzera sighting kureba kubviswa rwemberi kuona shure.

Martial unhu

Zvombo AK-12 (V chizvarwa Russian dzepabonde nepfuti) ine michina zvechadenga renyika dzakawanda (ona. Table 1).

rwisana unhu	zviratidzi
Caliber, mm	5,45 kusvika 39; 5,56 kusvika 45; 7,62 kusvika 39; 7,62 musi 51 NATO
Controller mhando	Gas nzira yokubudisa, munhu muhombe vharafu
urefu
AK-12, ona	110 - adjoin bhayoneti; garo - 94,5; Garo chabviswa - 72,5
Hunde, ona	41,5
Weight, g	3300 (hapana zvitoro)
AK-12 chivhorovhoro unhu
Kumhanya vachiridzira, kwepfuti paminiti	Pamwe nekurutsa - 600; cutoff - 1000
AK-12, hunhu muhondo simba (cartridges zvidimbu)	Classic Shop AK (30); 4-mutsara magazini bhokisi (60); Drum (95)
Tomu velocity (kutanga)	0,9 km / S
Zvinobudirira. Sighting. mufambo	0,6? km
Sighting mutsetse (mm)	Kuona sectored aibatanidza - 414 mm Outdoor diopter - 583 mm

Tichienzanisa NATO-vskimi kurwisa nepfuti

Kamwe pachena achazoburuka paiva pikicha ane AK-12, chokwadi ichi pakarepo akamutsa wandei resonance, vakawanda vaitsvaka maitiro ake kukurukurwa. Pashure zvakava pachena kuti akagadzira itsva akasika nyika-kirasi zvaitika zvombo zviduku. It semutongo kukodzera makwikwi kuti varwise nepfuti ari kutungamirira nyika-vechikamu kuti NATO. The okupedzisira aya hunoratidzwa anotevera dzakananga kuenzanisa tafura.

Table 2. Kuenzanisa yeRussian AK-12 vane mujinga NATO otomatiki zvombo

	Italy	United States	Germany	Austria	Russia
	Beretta ARX 160	M16A4	HK416 14,5 "	Steyr A3 Aug	AK-12
Year nokutungamirirwa	2009	1994	2005	2005	2014
Misa (unfilled) makirogiramu	3	3,55	3,56	3.9	3.2
Length Dec. garo, mm	950	1000	950	745	940
Mugamuchiri urefu mm	406	510	420	455	415
caliber	5,56 mm kusvika 45 mm	5,56 mm kusvika 45 mm	5,56 mm kusvika 45 mm	5,56 mm kusvika 45 mm	5,45 mm kusvika 39 mm
mhando kupfura	vasina	vasina	vasina	vasina	vasina
	otomatiki	The cut-kubva 3 kwepfuti	otomatiki	otomatiki	The cut-kubva 3 kwepfuti
		otomatiki			otomatiki
Rate pamusoro rds. / Min	700	700-950	850	680-750	650-1000
bara kumhanya, km / s (Basic.)	n / D	0,85	0.75	0.99	0,9
Effect. ramangwana. kupfura	0,6? km	0,6? km	0,4? km	0.5? km	0,6? km
magazini chinzvimbo	100 cartridges; 30 vaitenderera	Kubva 20 kusvika 100 dzinenge zvombo; 30 vaitenderera mureza	Kubva 20 kusvika 100 dzinenge zvombo; 30 vaitenderera mureza	vaitenderera 42 of zvombo; 30 vaitenderera	95, 60, 30 vaitenderera
Basic kuona	Pamberi mukana	diopter kuona	diopter kuona	Optical kuona 1.5X	Shanduka diopter kuona. kana rakavhurika
The sighting kuda	Pl. Picatinny	Pl. Picatinny	Pl. Picatinny	Pl. Picatinny	Pl. Picatinny
tacked girinedhi		M203	HK AG36	M203	GP-25, 30,34

Sezvinogona kuoneka kubva patafura, ruzhinji parameters mberi vakwikwidzi yaro AK-12. Zvinoitwa zvombo Russian seanokwanisa kuita zvinhu zvizhinji.

Revaluation kwezvombo Russian tactical rwisana kushandiswa AK

Zvichida wakaona saith-rudzi vachiridzira AK-12 (Photo zvombo munyaya kuratidza mhikuriso-selector chinja). Ndechipi chikonzero? Chekutanga - aine nokuchinja dzematongerwe enyika muhondo kushandisa idzva "Kalashnikov". Soviet Sayenzi mauto akaita vanozivikanwa kwemakore akawanda kuti vachiridzira watsemuka yemoto ichaongororwa huru maonero muchina. Izvi yakakanganiswa maonero kusvikira ichangopfuura nezvaiva Soviet dzenhoroondo mabhuku kupfura. Ainyanya akaita pasi pawo, uye AK uye AKM. Zvaidavirwa kuti nzira kuumba yakakwirira arambe achirema moto, saka, kunonyanyisa Kuwanda firepower.

Mumwe vaitungamirira masayendisiti Russian mumunda nepfuti Sergey Borisovich Monetchikov mubasa rake ataurwa uye wakarurama sezvazviri chaizvo maonero yacho.

Chekutanga regai tiongorore kwokutanga ezvinhu umo musengwa tisafunge sayenzi zvechiuto. Izvi zvombo musoja. Zviri pachena kuti zviri zvishoma kwenguva chinangwa ezvinhu. Musoja, aine pfuti, zvinogona kuunza Kumbonetswa vaifanira kubva 8-10 zvitoro. Naizvozvo, tariro "uchiti" chijana chake pamavambo hondo kupikisa zvose Implementation ari musoja muhondo basa, uye ayo kupona muhondo chete. Kunze chokwadi ichi, zvinokosha kuti kufungawo chinhu nokupisa chombo. Kana vachiridzira watsemuka izvi zvichiitika zvikuru kwazvo. Zvakanyanyisa neshungu maoko "kutsiva" museve yakaderera rwakatwasuka. Kana kurwa ari namahwindo vhoriyamu (mumba) kupfura watsemuka hwakazara nezvimwewo dauka kuti inouraya kupfura. Genius Aleksandr Vasilevich Suvorov akanga uye zvachose zvakanaka, vachidzidzisa varwi "kudzivirira katuriji." Pfungwa iyi, Chokwadi, kwete pakukuvadza ari vachiridzira kumanikidza muvengi akaona ari vaiona zvombo. Gare gare munyaya ino tichakurukura vachiridzira pamusoro nzira itsva "Kalashnikov".

kuroora kupfura

In kure pfu mune maonero akanaka Zvinosarudzwa vachiridzira cartridges kuroorwa. Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti muhondo haashandi kushanda mu-nokuputsanya unyanzvi kuti kurova kubaya redunhu kuvhara nayo vakawanda nemabara. In-nokuputsanya ane yakanyarara ezvinhu unogona kushandisa unyanzvi kuti aiming "iri kuruboshwe gumbo," kana club ziso chinangwa. Mune revarwi ezvinhu varwi ikoko kusimbisa chinhu dulls zvakarurama, matambudziko kuneta, unodzivirira midziyo, etc. Kupfura pamwe nekurutsa panguva - chinhu mwero.

Sezvineiwo optionally kunyatsoongorora vanonanga panguva chete bara ose. Well nekusimba achitiza kuroorwa kupfura, kwete yakabereka pasi vatevedzere aiming, uye kubatanidza nhunzi vane chinangwa. AK-12 Panyaya iyi zvikuru nyore. vachiridzira ake kwakanaka mashandiro pashure vachiridzira chinenge anotora vanonanga kubaya, apo kuita kuti kunyatsoshanda kwohumwe kuroorwa rambi kutiza.

Shooting mu pfupi watsemuka

Izvi mhando moto rinoshanda munyika kutanga kwekupwanyiwa kure yekurwira kana murombo maonero ezvinhu (usiku, utsi, akangwara rwegirini). Mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, dariro zvokutanga kudhumhana pamwe muvengi hakusi nguva dzose pachena apo iye chaizvoizvo ari. Achibatsirwa chinangwa. pfupi watsemuka anobudiswa "fumble" muvengi.

Ipapo mhondi anopfuurira rimwe vachiridzira pane imwe vanozivikanwa munzvimbo muvengi. Pane zvimwe zvaungaita. Watsemuka ose 6-8 dzinenge vanogumurwa kubva vavandire nemauto muvengi yaiva anoona zvakanaka vachiridzira zvekutepfenyura. Saka moto akatambanudza kunonyanyisa arambe achirema uye, naizvozvovo, ndikarangarira maximal kuvadza muvengi. Rate pamusoro AK-12 vaitenderera 600/1000 anogona zvinobudirira aite mishoni yakadaro.

Shooting cutoff

Musoja moto, kugara statics uye nesimba. Mukupera nyaya, anofanira kupfura, ndizvo kugadzikana. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro kufadza kunyatsoshanda muoti cutoff. Uyezve, nokuti AK-12, zvakanaka rikaratidzwa pakuenzanisa chikungiso: hunde haasi mungozi yokuva akatendeuka-uye, mukuwedzera, yakawana kururama zvakanaka.

Vachiridzira refu watsemuka

Izvi mhando kupfura inoshandiswa kurwisa, kana shoma ezvinhu ricochet nemabara. Kazhinji, vavengi havana kuziva kwainobva Akaviga vachidzivirira muvengi. Vachiridzira refu watsemuka anobvumira kuti neutralize ari (kwenguva duku, zvinokoshawo) hakusi dot, uye pakarepo - mukati imwe mari nzvimbo.

mhedziso

The itsva Kalashnikov dzepabonde pfuti AK-12 - Risingakanganwiki pamunhu nenhanho chizvarwa, nezvibereko zvomunda Russian kudzivirira indasitiri.

Izvi yakavimbika uye yepamusorosoro zvombo akasimbisa vakapiswa KB Kalashnikov. Zvisinei, kwadzo rakaisvonaka kurwa unhu anganzi chete kunofambira mberi. Dynamics chikumbiro AK-12 (Photo musoja vachiridzira kutungamirira, supra.), M. E. Chayo rwisana Kubudirira kunoratidzwa muna chiwanikwa Performance mano unyanzvi yevashandi. Kuti aite izvi, zvinokosha template kuurayiwa sezvo ari nokuputsanya, anokanda zviitwa, uye avo munyoro tichibatanidza, masoja chitima. Anofanira kukwanisa kwete chete kune zvakarurama moto, asi zvinokurudzirwa kusiyanisa kupfura modes "Kalashnikov", zvichienderana zvechadenga muhondo ezvinhu.