Masero eropa - chii ichi? Murwiyo masero eropa

In womunhu, iyo zvose zvakanaka utano, masero eropa vanoumba zvachose ropa Vhoriyamu 40 kusvika 48%. Kana chitsama zvacho handizvo, achiratidza zvinobvira kuvapo mumuviri pathological kwendangariro. Imhandoi masero eropa yakakurumbira? Chokwadi, masero matsvuku eropa, ropa masero machena uye maplatelet.

The Zvinoumba ropa romunhu

Ropa anogona kunzi connective zvinyama iri mvura mamiriro. Anogara circulates kubva pamoyo zvose kure makona muviri uye anoita mabasa anokosha. biofluid Izvi anokonzera chokufambisa nezvinovaka muviri, magasi uye chiya chisingadiwi okunze, pasina pazviri pasingabviri muviri. Zvinoita mamiriro ezvinhu kuti chakaipa akagadzirwa pezvakaitwa kuti vatsigire upenyu mumuviri womunhu.

Plasma uye ropa masero ndiwo zvinoumba ropa. Plasma ine zvikurukuru mvura, sezvamakaropafadzwa ichiputswa hurongwa zvakakodzera aibuda pezvakaitwa zvinokosha.

Ropa ane viscosity, hunobata kwokudzvinyirira mukati ngarava uye ayo kufamba kweropa. Bhuku ropa mumuviri anoenderana nezera uye mamiriro dzemuviri. Kumboda nayo yemakomo kubva mana shanu litres.

Kune mapoka ropa mana, ane chaicho sezvamunoita. Vakatsunga ne chaiwo pachisara akatorwa kubva achangoberekwa, zviri mapuroteni muropa. The boka haachinji hwose. Zviri pasi kuchinja bedzi munhu kuisira ropa itsva pamberi akuvara kana zvomusejari kupindira.

Basa masero eropa

Masero aya akagadzirirwa kuita zvinokosha mabasa muvanhu. Achiumba zvinhu zvinoumba hwaro date masero.

• The senga basa iri basa kuchinjwa akakodzera zvinhu zvose muviri munzvimbo. The kweropa Hurongwa anokwanisa kupa nenhumbi uye zvomukati zvakakodzera dzose kushanda zvinhu.
• Respiratoria basa anogona kununura okisijeni kubva mumapapu kuti nyama yose uye nhengo, uye kudzorera carbon dioxide inobvisa shure mumapapu.
• Excretory basa ndiko kuti adzikatidza akaipa masangano uye kuvabvisa kubva mumuviri kuburikidza hurongwa uye zvomukati dzaizopiwa chinangwa ichi.
• The muviri basa zvakafanira nechokwadi masero uye nhengo dzose zvakafanira zvinhu, boosting dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri.
• Pamutemo basa kunobatsira kuramba nengaidzo pakati anobatsira uye zvinokuvadza. The aida fuma nomukombiyuta ropa achipinda zvose nzvimbo Muviri inokuvadza akabvisa kwazviri.
• Trophic basa chinodiwa zvokudya zvinovaka muviri miviri kuti vapinde muviri kuburikidza intestinal madziro.
• Unodzivirira basa chinomiririrwa mhuka matatu. Phagocytic basa runoita Absorção de Água masero utano uye utachiwana zvirwere. Homeostatic anosimudzira kweropa kana pakururama ganda maronda, anoramba aibuda dzakananga pezvakaitwa muropa. Mashandiro wechitatu - thermoregulatory. Ropa rinobatanidzwa thermoregulation muviri, kudzivirira kubva overheating uye overcooling.
• The mabasa icho kazhinji ndivo mumasero basa ropa - munhu chokufambisa, homeostatic uye kudzivirira.

Education uye kudzidza mashoko zvinhu ropa

Zvakaumba zvinhu zvevanhu ropa vari akaumba muropa-Anoumba nhengo. Ivo yaakapiwa mabasa akasiyana mumuviri. Kana munhu asingadi kuwana kurwara, pakarepo mushure kuibvisa vapinda plasma, vari richiparadzirwa munyika muviri uye pakarepo vanotanga kuita basa rayo. Kana munhu ane chirwere chakakomba, zvinhu izvi zvinogona zvinobva mumwongo pakupedzisira akakura.

By ropa corpuscles vari masero matsvuku eropa, ropa masero machena uye maplatelet.

Mazuvano, kuti aone kana nhamba romuzvarirwo, kuti nenyaya ibasa nyanzvi, pashure unogona kudzidza kuti zvinhu zvose zviri yeplasma mu kukwana akawanda.

Kana pamazuva akare, wevanamakanika pachavo pored zvokunyama, asi ongororo rinoitwa nhasi uchishandisa chaiwo namano. Izvi zvinoita munguva pfupi kuti ive mugumisiro yakarurama.

Murwiyo masero eropa

Red masero eropa - red ropa masero - vanoumba boka guru guru pakati uwandu yunifomu zvinhu. Chizenga, nomuti simbi, chikamu masero matsvuku eropa uye anokonzera chokuendesa okisijeni kumuviri. Nokuda Chizenga muropa rakatsvuka, zvinogona kuumba nyore yeimwe pamwe oxygen. oxidation pezvakaitwa kuvimba uwandu hemoglobin.

By ropa corpuscles zvinosanganisirawo leukocytes, rwokudzivirira basa. Maererano pakukura kwavo ivo zvimwe masero matsvuku eropa. The tusingaoneki parumananzombe muropa, uye Kuzeyewa vaibatwa mashoko zvinhu.

Maplatelet (thrombocytes) ndivo kweropa.

Chinangwa masero matsvuku eropa

Masero aya ropa (RBCs) kufanana mu chimiro curved mavhiri imwe dhayamita. Nokuda kwayo mukana wokushandiswa, vanogona nyore kufamba kuburikidza capillaries vari midziyo duku ropa mumuviri.

Ropa romunhu rine guru mari masero matsvuku eropa, kuti kana ukavaka cheni, apo zvinhu izvi zvichatevera mumwe, iwe tora kakati kuti putira nyika panguva neequator. Izvi nokuumba zvinhu zviri akayera vakaverengwa masero por fő.

A zvinoitika uwandu masero matsvuku ropa vamiririri vanhurume, vana vachangoberekwa uye vanhu vakwegura fluctuates mukati zvimwe.

Red masero vane 95% of Chizenga, takaberekwa tine kukwanisa kuisa nyore pachavo kuti okisijeni maatomu uye patsanura navo. Ropa vafumiswa pamwe okisijeni runoyerera kuburikidza arteries uye kunoratidzwa rakajeka ruvara.

It anova zvikuru zvasviba pakupa okisijeni ndokudzikunda ngwanda. Zvadaro iye anomhanya kuburikidza mutsinga kusvika mwoyo, gwara kuwana kucheneswa. Exploring maumbirwo masero matsvuku eropa, iva nechokwadi kuti asimbise sei Chizenga zvikuru dzine mukati mavo.

Chinangwa chikuru iyo vanoita ropa masero aya - ndiro chokuendesa okisijeni uye zvinokosha zvinhu zvose masero, kuchenesa wokupedzisira kuora zvigadzirwa uye kukurukura dzavo nhengo dzose excretory hurongwa.

Kureba kwoupenyu masero matsvuku eropa

masero matsvuku eropa vangararama inenge mwedzi mina. Pashure iyi vari pasi disintegration, uye zvichiguma siyana zvakaoma dzaiumbwa fuma chepfu inonzi bilirubin. Zvinonzi neutralized ari chiropa, ari chezvinonhuwira bile, runotungamirirwa kupinda mugaranhoko uye ipapo rinobatanidzwa zvomudumbu kwendangariro. Ipapo mukuru huwandu bilirubin chinosiya muviri pamwe mutsvina yadzo uye zvasara atiza weti rine ndavhiyiwa filtration pedyo itsvo.

masero matsvuku eropa anogona dzinopaza zvakananga mazano maviri. Vanogona vanodya zvimwe masero anonzi phagocytes, yakaitirwa kuti abvise mutumbi zvose basa. A dzakawanda phagocytes iri muna chiropa uye chirwatata, uye saka mitumbi aya dzimwe nguva akataura nzvimbo Kuvigwa umboo zvinhu ropa. Zano wechipiri inosanganisira pokufa masero matsvuku eropa mu nedanho kuparadzwa goko yavo zvakananga ropa. Uyezve, pane muitiro rwokuzvarwa selection, kunyange kana chitsva, asi simba kana akaremara masero matsvuku eropa vaparadzwa munguva ropa riyerere kuburikidza nhumbi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvimwe zvirwere vanokwanisa kuderedza nguva upenyu masero matsvuku eropa. Nezvokumutswa aibuda ropa ravo kuonekwa Precursors dzvuku ropa masero nedanho hematopoiesis - reticulocytes. Varege zvakazara yakura. A dzakawanda reticulocytes kunoratidza kuvapo abnormalities pamuviri.

Quantitative corpuscular vhoriyamu dzingasiyana zvishoma. Kazhinji, unogona kukanganisa siyana vasiri zvinhu uye zvakatipoteredza zvinofurira. The zvinoitika uwandu masero matsvuku vanogonawo siyana pasi pokudzora zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana.

zvichireva leukocytes

Other zvinhu ropa - leukocytes - wanikidza utachiona inobatwa mumuviri, kufa kana tawirwa kuchinja mumasero, tibatsirwe nokusunungura navo. Leukocytes chinhu chinokosha zvirwere.

Ko mhando shanu masero machena. Chavainyanya kwazvo anogadzirwa mumwongo duku chikamu - mu node nodes uye mune dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Chaizvo kuti kuverenga zviri leukocytes vari plasma. Nokuda rinokosha rabhoritari leukocytes vanogona nzira yemaitiro iyo inoratidza kukura mhando leukocytes uye ukama hwavo pamwe nemitemo.

Huwandu zvinhu izvi pasi pokudzora zvimwe zvinhu kungachinja kakawanda zuva rose: pashure kudya, kuekisesaiza, kutandara ari kugeza, kushandisa rinopisa zvinobata. Mushure mishonga leukocyte kugutsikana kunogona kuwedzera zvinoshamisa, zvisinei kana murwere ari kutora chero zvinodhaka, zvakakodzera kuudza unyanzvi uye imwe nguva asati hurukuro yacho kuongorora asingatakuri mushonga.

The kuongorora inokurudzirwa kutora mangwanani usina chawadya. Zvinonzi zvakare zano kusiya yechiitwa uye kusvuta, musatora nemvura kana kugeza, kuti vazvidzivirire kubva mupfungwa uye zvimwe zvinhu kuti Activate dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri.

Mhando ropa masero machena

Masero vane kusiyana chinangwa chavo, mamiriro uye akafanana. mhando dzose leucocytes rusununguko kukwanisa achigarira maoko kuburikidza masvingo capillaries iri rejira, kuva nokuparara uye tora utachiona.

By masero eropa zvinosanganisira zvinotevera mhando chena ropa masero kuti vane basa mamwe mabasa:

• neutrophils uye monocytes - kukwanisa kuziva utachiona uye nyama akafa uye muvaparadze;
• eosinophils - vari kunetseka muchetura, basophils - allergens;
• chinangwa synthesize antibodies lymphocytes anokonzera zvirwere ndangariro.

Nguva leukocytes upenyu

Lifespan akaumba zvenyaya Data kunobva pakuti zvimwe zvinhu uye hunogara kubva maawa mashomanana akawanda. masero akawanda eropa machena vakaurayiwa zvinenge dzisakarurama Zvinotambudza vakawanda utachiona, kureva. A. Inofadza ekupedzisira, vanogona kuparuka.

Munzvimbo rufu izvi vakaumba zvinhu (chena muropa masero) aumbwa pus, kukonzera kurwa masero matsva zvirwere.

Kana pakuongororwa zvinoratidza musiyano chinokosha pakati uwandu ropa masero machena uye kuipa, izvi zvingaratidza kukura pathologies chikonzero hombe. Kuva pfungwa pamusoro chirwere, unofanira ndiongororwe nyanzvi.

misiyano maplatelet

Most duku ropa masero - nayo maplatelet. Vanotarisira kufanana tuduku mahwendefa uye vane basa kweropa. Kukura mune mumwongo maplatelet vari rakapinza kupinda plasma. Nguva upenyu kweropa maplatelet zvinotora mazuva anenge masere, uye ipapo vanoparadzwa ari chirwatata.

masero eropa (maplatelet) rusununguko mufambo, uye nguva imwe mhinduro zvachinjwa pakururama ganda uye nyama mukati mumuviri. Pakarepo ivo kuonekwa munzvimbo zvinetso, glued pamwe uye kukuvaradzwa zvinyama site simba zvimwe zvinoriumba. Nokuda ichi kunonoka ronda, kuporesa uye mirangariro. Masero aya ropa - kununura mumuviri womunhu kuidzivirira kubva ropa.

The platelet count unotaurwa nezviuru por 1 microliter ropa. Nokuti varume ndeyokuva 200-400 zviuru zviyero / Rine mamiririta, uye vakadzi - 180-320 zviuru zviyero / Rine mamiririta. kushomeka kugutsikana kwavo kungatowedzera nguva refu maronda uye munyika ropa chinokonzera zvirwere zvakakomba. Akaderedza platelet count muropa kunogona pakuona vamwe zvikonzero: kushaya zvimwe mavhitamini, mazhinji zvokudya, nezvimwe zvinhu kuti mishonga, zvimwe zvirwere uye nevamwe.

Kuwedzera kwenhamba maplatelet hunokonzera paumbwe zvemamiriro ropa clots mumuviri. clots ropa kuumbwa nokuda vachiuya pamwe chete maplatelet uye mudziyo masvingo. Vanokwanisa kuvhara aibuda ropa, izvo dzimwe nguva anoita rufu kana clots ropa dziri munzvimbo mwoyo kana uropi. Kana ropa clot anovhara mudziyo mumwe rutivi muviri pasina chikafu rinenge anotanga kufa, izvo zvinogona kukonzera neronda rinonyenga kana sepsis.

Saka, masero eropa - ndivo masero basa rayo zvachose richiparadzirwa nemamwe zvinhu.