Mashandiro anoita mari iri upfumi: tsananguro, marudzi uye mienzaniso

Hazvibviri kutaura mari, Entrepreneurship, mabhizimisi, uye haitauri mamwe mashoko anokosha. Somuenzaniso, kuvaka zvakarurama Masvomhu zvoupfumi vanofanira kunzwisisa chii vari mashandiro anoita mari, sei kushanda uye chii basa kuti kukura indasitiri.

Sangano mhando uye mienzaniso

In rinozivikanwa dzidziso Keynesianism mari uye, kupfuura zvose, zviri mubhizimisi mari ndiwo rutivi zvachose zvekushandisa chavagari, pamwe paruzhinji zvokuvakisa, uye mambure kunze kwenyika nhumbi uye mabasa. Nezvoupfumi funga iye kupfuura kugadzikana uye simba pakuderedza nokuda kwayo pazviri zvinhu zvinoverengeka. Kana zvikuru funga bhizimisi (mashandiro, mifananidzo, zvazvinoreva, nzira kushandiswa), zvichataurirana zvishoma kuenda mhiri dzidziso.

Chii chinorehwa bhizimisi Mupfungwa yakakura?

Kudzidza pfungwa mari wakayeriswa kutsvakurudza mabasa chekare, keynsianstkoy, kuti shoma Marxist uye zvimwe zvikoro. Ngationei kugara pamusoro tsanangudzo matatu.

Investment (ari Mupfungwa yakazara) vari bhizimisi iri sectors hwenyika, zvesayenzi uye zvekushandisa kwemauto, kwezvivako, magariro uye Environmental Protection nezviyero pakuburitswa uye kukura Entrepreneurship.

Investments mu rakamanikana mupfungwa

Kubva pfungwa nemaonero mashandiro anoita mari upfumi wakabura mari (yesangano), izvo zvinoshandiswa nedanho maindasitiri uye zvoupfumi basa.
Economy anobata Investments sezvo mari masangano nechinangwa guru inotungamirwa, kupa kusikwa guru chitsva uye muripo kubva Worn zvishandiso. Mhiri chikuru kushanda mubhizimisi - mari chizvarwa. Nemamwe mashoko, nyaya upfumi kushandisa chikamu yavanotambira kuti upfumi hwenyika, zvokuti kwakabatsira, uye akadzokera navo hombe kukura.

Entrepreneurs vari kufunga upfumi sezvo kutengesa nokuda kuzviwanira kugadzirwa uye asiri kugadzirwa zvinhu uye zvokuridzira zvemari mukutsinhana pfuma kana mari. Panguva iyo mari mari zvinogona kubatsira kuwedzera guru kana kuramba izvozvo panguva iyoyo yakakwana chechetere.

Uye kunyange zvazvo mugove mari mari iri zvachose National zvekushandisa ndiyo cheshanu kwavari kuvimba nokufamba mune zvebhizimisi basa uye yakanaka zvoupfumi kukura - zvose ari kuenderana akaenzana kuwedzera mari kunowedzera kwakaipisisa mumhuri chigadzirwa.

Mashandiro anoita oupfumi vari upfumi

Kubva tsanangudzo mari kunoratidza kuti azvaiitwa anogona kuitwa vaviri panguva pehurumende uye panguva private pamwero zvoupfumi sangano, asi pakupedzisira zvasvika pasi zvakanaka mamiriro. Saka, mabasa kuti vaite mari, zvakagadzirirwa kugutsa ose nevanozvitarira: mhuri, mabhengi, mabhizimisi, zvose kusununguka uye kurongwa masangano, shamwari, ruzhinji zvekutepfenyura. Tinosiyanisa vana anokosha ehupfumi kuti upfumi pakona macroeconomics:

• Distribution basa iri zvichishandurwa se: kusarudza apo mari mari kana yesangano, entrepreneur kana hurumende inosimudzira kukura rimwe indasitiri akasimba kupfuura rumwe. Muenzaniso uyu ndiyo sezvinotevera: yokumwe zvemagetsi uye mudzimba motokari havagoni kukwikwidzana, asi entrepreneur nani mari mari zvimwewo.
• Yokudzora ehupfumi: upfumi dzinoitwa munyika yose uye kukanganisa ukama maindasitiri. Chirimwa chitsva inosanganisira kuvaka migwagwa, kutandara, chisikwa mabasa matsva, uye zvichingodaro. D.
• Inokurudzira: bhizimisi kunosanganisira bhizimisi mari iri nani. Optimized sainzi, ruzivo rwokugadzira zvinhu, dzidzo, uye sezvo zvakaguma anowedzera mararamiro uye zvakanaka munyika.
• Achiratidza: mari pfuma, iyo chokuita dzinotsanagura guru rokuwedzera uye dzigadziridzwe pakuenzanisa pachena zvoupfumi.

Yokungotaura zvinoumba inotungamirwa uye kushanda mari, endai zvavo graphical kuratidzwa izvo yakanyatsotsanangura chinoratidza ukama pakati yaunodya basa, mashandiro mari, achiponesa uye kuparadzwa-kwazvo zvoupfumi mamiriro.

tsananguro

Chero basa, akarongeka kana zveupfumi, pane kuvimba yokupedzisira mugumisiro mumwe kana zvinhu zvinoverengeka. Mabasa oupfumi vari zvakare yokutevedzera umo endogenous shanduka (Mugumisiro) - ndiro mubhizimisi mari, uye ndezvipi exogenous tsvakurudzo zvinangwa.

Kana yakazvimirira shanduka chete, mumwe achiti "mamwe wainyatsotaura ezvinhu." Saka, kana mari iri basa rimwe basa mari, izvo zvinoreva kuti mwero bhangi mubereko for iyi haana kuchinja yekudyidzana.

The kuzviraramira variables, chikuru rakarurama muenzaniso wayo napedyo kunyatsonzwisisa mamiriro hwenyika. Dynamics yokuchinja variables vanogona akasiyana zvikuru siyana munguva, uye kuitira kurerutsa dambudziko, vatsvakurudzi sarudza chimwe kana zviviri zvinhu pamusoro iro kuvimba inivhesitimendi ishande.

The ukama mari uye chimbadzo

Pasina kuwedzerera, tinogona kutaura kuti uwandu mari kunobva chimbadzo, apo nokuchinja mune zvimwewo zvinhu zvinotora pamusoro mashandiro zvionera mubhizimisi waibatanidzwa multi-chinhu womuenzaniso, rinotarira sezvizvi:

• I = Ia - D * R (1), sezvamakaropafadzwa
  
  I - zvachose inivhesitimendi mari;
  Ia - zvionera inivhesitimendi mari;
  D - utetsa upfumi kutapudzwa kana kuwedzera zvazvingava,%;
  R - chaiye chimbadzo.

The kukosha chimbadzo zvinotsanangurwa zvikuru nyore. Muzvinabhizimisi ose, pamberi ukadyara ari asingashumbi (a 100% pangozi-vakasununguka upfumi havapo pfungwa), Anoongorora sei achakwanisa kuita uye sei zvikuru inofanira kupedzerwa kuti chinangwa ichi. For pamwero mukuru upfumi mudzimba mari Kazhinji hazvina kukwana, uye muridzi rwunotumirwa kubhengi kana asiri kubhengi kupfungwa zvemari, izvo zvinoda mutengo mabasa avo - mumwe chete kubva muzana. The yakakwirira mutengo kubhangi, rezasi muzvinabhizimisi purofiti uye nhamba mubereko kuti mutengo. Sezvo chikazozikamwa, kuti maximize mari kubva mumabasa ose - pakupedzisira chinangwa chipi vachida.

mimwe mienzaniso

Tinofanira kunzwisisa kuti pane nzira dzakawanda saka kushandisa chombo akadai ane pfuma. Basa mari Somuenzaniso, yakavakirwa inobva zvemari mutengapwe. Mukuwedzera zvikwereti uye zvikwereti asiri kubhengi kuti kutenga michina kana zvemari zviridzwa anogona kushandiswa kushandisa mari kubva muhomwe dzavo. The zvebhizimisi chikamu mubereko izvo dzinoramba pashure mitero uye dzimwe mari ave dzakarongwa. Panyaya iyi, iyo vibrations munhu finite chitsama mari mari vari zvakananga novimba zvachinja kushanda kuti uchishandisa mari yacho vachida. Achikura purofiti uye ayo kudya ndiyo chikamu - kuwedzera inivhesitimendi. Kukura Nokurasikirwa - mari ipfupi kana kushoma ive isingazivikanwi nguva. Ipapo mubhizimisi basa ane chimiro chakasiyana chaizvo kubva rapfuura muenzaniso, sezvo isu wedzera yemari.

The shoma propensity mari - ndiwo multiplier, iyo inoratidza pane chii ukoshi ichiwedzerwa kana kuderedzwa mari mari panguva chikwata change. The kumusoro ari multiplier, kuti tichikurumidza nengozi entrepreneur. Kana kuhwina upfumi anogona kudzokera kakawanda kukura, uye pane imwe kurasikirwa - kuguma huru nezvinhu uye kunyange kusauka.

Kudya uye inivhesitimendi

Ndakatengesa All zvoupfumi yomuchipatara akaparadzirwa mari mbiri: zvinodyiwa uye chinoramba. The vaunganidza chikamu, ndiko kuti mumari batsiro, zvakasara mukati kambani uye simbe kwenguva yakati. Power kunwa zvakare pamusoro mitero, munataisireva, vashandi mari uye zvimwe zvinangwa.

Investment nengozi

Investments kuparadzwa ndokudzokera kambani iri muchimiro midziyo uye yesangano, uye naizvozvo, zvakakosha kuti entrepreneur kuti capitalized ndiyo chikamu mari sezvo diki sezvinobvira. Ukuwo, kana mari iri nhau nguva haina kubudirira chaizvo uye havana nechokwadi aibuda mari, kambani anomanikidzwa kuita zvimwewo zvinopa mari. Zvakare, ndicho mabhanga, mari masangano, zvose yakarongwa uye yakajairwa misika yemari. Zvakare mubvunzo unomuka: pangozi kana kwete pangozi?

The Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri maumbirwo nokuparadzirwa mari (mari)

Zvichida mumwe wemibvunzo asingagoni kupa mhinduro chaicho chero tsika, hapana theoreticians umo zvakanyatsoenzana pfungwa iri mari uye nemari? Kunyange mukati chete zvebhizimisi haagoni kutaura kuti chokwadi kuti zviri nani kuti kuunganidza kana zvinodya, nekuti nepamusika ezvinhu, unyanzvi hwokugadzira zvinhu, magariro, ezvemitemo uye enyika sectors vari dzichichinja. Chii chichaitika mangwana yakakura nezvinhu, nezuro tikatyisidzirwa kusauka, uye vakutarisire.

Kwemasvomhu rutina Investments regai kupa zvakasikwa mhinduro - ivo chete kuratidza paavhareji kuitika, anodonha zvinoverengeka zviduku zvinoita kuti pakarepo anogona kuva dzinokosha. Nokuti musoro, ivo mienzaniso zvavo, uye chisarudzo chokupedzisira mari inotorwa pashure kunyatsodzidza zvose zvinhu uye mamiriro ezvinhu chaiwo munyika upfumi.