Mi-28N "Night Hunter": hwokugadzira nokurondedzerwa uye mapikicha

Attack helicopters zvenyika kubva kanda kwayo pamusoro Battlefields (sezvazvakaitika mumakore Hondo Yenyika II) kunge kuchinja zvikuru. Vehondo mumazuva iwayo haana zvikuru kukosha, vakapiwa basa upiyona hwebetsero: muhombe-bapiro ndege kureva kuti kubvisa ose vakakuvadzwa kubva kure nzvimbo fronts. Izvi zvakaitika muna Korea. Zvinhu zvakatanga kuchinja yokuVietnam, apo US Army vakashandisa michina izvi kurwisa pasi huru, kushongedzera navo zvidiki uye chitundumuseremusere zvombo, uye vakagamuchira yokutanga kurwisa helicopters. metamorphosis chakafanana chakaitika mune Soviet Union, kunyange zvazvo pamwe vamwe kusiyana kusvika. Pakupedzisira, Soviet vanachiremba muchiuto vakaona zvakanakira the American mutsara kuvhunduka pamberi muhombe-bapiro ndege. Mubayiro kuchinja nzira zvezvipfuwo vagadziri ndege akava Mi-28N. Panguva iyoyo riri kuonekwa yakanakisisa mukirasi yacho. Izvi ndizvo chaizvo zvakaitika kana zvaibvira "kubata aubate."

stormtroopers

Panguva Second World War, chikuru Achishandisa vanyatsoona kwevashandi padzimbahwe, kukurukurirana nzvimbo, tangi mbiru uye zvimwe zviduku vanonangwa vaiva Kurwisa ndege. Mumazuva hondo pamisoro masoja yedu yokutanga zvinosuruvarisa vakandwa mabhomba "Junkers-87", wakange pane mwero ndege waivako, asi kuziva zvakazara zvakanakira kushamiswa. Created KB Ilyushin "Flying Tank" IL-2 akanga wandei zvinobatsirawo tichienzanisa analogue German, mukuru pakati yaiva zvikuru simba, nokuda nemaune pfungwa marongerwo inoremerwa nadzo, pamwe chete nacho-kubereka chaitika. On kushanda helicopters sezvo stormtroopers ipapo kunyange munhu akarota, uye ndege aya vachinzwisisa zvikuru somunhu zvekumwe musoro, zvishoma kushandiswa nokuda zvinangwa zvechiuto. Pashure pemakore maviri neherikoputa vachagara nhaka yakanaka zvaiva "Flying Tank" uye achava chikuru unoshamisa chairema dzedenga kutsigirwa mauto munguva tactical kushandiswa.

"Huey" uye "Cobra"

Uh-1 "Iroquois", anonzi varwi American "Huey", akavonga zvachiri, zvava mumwe kupfuura vakawanda-kubudiswa munhoroondo yevanhu helicopters. Iro rakavimbika, nyore kuti ishande, anogona kutakura zvakawanda duku pasuru payload. multi-chinangwa ichi neherikoputa, akarishandisa senzira kumhara, kubhururuka "amburenzi" rori kana mhepo. Uyewo Uh-1 semupi moto anotsigira mabasa, asi "muridzi wengoma" dzakazara zita rake raiva kwete. Chikonzero munjodzi kuti "Huey" kwaiva kushaya dzokurwa kudzivirira - rakanga chete mutyairi wacho chigaro uye mafuta mumota. Asi kubudirira urongwa uye simba propulsion zvave kushandiswa mumwe muchina, "Cobra» AH-1 yakataurwa chete boka, "Bell". Dzinodya dzimwe dzinosiya rakamanikana fuselage chikatsiviwa, "Huey", ivo vezvikepe dziri mune tandem, mumwe shure mumwe "muviri", vakakamura avo mabasa. Panguva iyoyo, mumwe kutyaira motokari, wechipiri akatsvaka uye kuparadza muvengi. More mumotokari pakanga pasina nzvimbo munhu, vose rinokosha uremu akadya zvombo uye nezvombo. Combat neherikoputa Mi-28N mu redunhu zvikuru inovakwa saizvozvo.

Nzira Soviet kukura muhondo helicopters

Zvichakadaro, mune Soviet ndege vakaedza kubatanidza kumhara uye kurwisa mabasa mumwe muchina. To izvi vakashandisa nzira imwechete "nokukwereta" simba chirimwa uye marongerwo zano, asi hwaro akanga atora Mi-8, rakajairika Soviet neherikoputa. Zvakaguma kazhinji zvakanaka, asi motokari yakanga yakakurisa uye rinorema. Mi-24 akatarisa zvikuru simba uye anoyevedza duku "Cobras", asi muduku kwavari agility, nezvaanogona kuvanza yokusvika kubaya uye munjodzi. Nguva dzose dzakarurama kushandisa ruzivo nevamwe, uye akaratidza kuti mubatanidzwa mashandiro imwe muchina hakuna kunaka kana wavo. Uyezve, nokuti nguva kubva Vietnam War, vekuAmerica akaramba kukura nehana helicopters, kutanga "Apache» AH-64, ine chikuru mashoko ano zvokushandisa uye rava nyika yokutanga Conceptual muhombe-bapiro mberi-mutsetse Kurwisa ndege. Afghanistan akaratidza kuti mauto inoda zvitsva yetsiva helicopters.

Dambudziko - kuona murima

Analogue "Apache" rinogona kunzi Mi-28, ine makore 80s vakatanga kubudisa Rostov Helicopter Plant. The motokari yakanga chaizvo zvakanaka muzvinhu zvakawanda kudarika kune mhiri kwemakungwa nerokuti. Zvisinei, zvakaitika muhondo kushandiswa kwayo helicopters vekuAmerica mukurwisana akawanda zvombo unoratidza systemic zvikanganiso zvakawanda. Zvakazoonekwa kuti vazvibate unpredictably murima kana pasi murombo "Apache" kuoneka. Panguva "Operation Desert Storm" imwe motokari shoma, US Army chakarasikirwa nokuda kudhumhana pamwe nenyika uye nemumwe, pasinei Kuwanikwa chiratidzo usiku enyika. Inobudirira "basa" murima uye kubva mubvunzo. The matambudziko chete vakatambudzwa uye yeUnited mauto muBosnia, muChechnya. The nzira kuti remagandanga muhondo zvinonyatsoshanda chete usiku. Murima, muvengi ari kutungamirira, rearranges uye anoita zvibhakera pakarepo, pashure iyo, sezvo mutemo zvinobudirira kutama panzvimbo yakachengeteka,. Kukurira izvi nzira anogona chete neherikoputa - "Night Hunter", uyo anoona murima uye bvungapfunga.

The itsva neherikoputa uye huru kusiyana

The seboka Bureau ainzi. Thousand aiva rakaoma. Kutanga motokari itsva mukutanga nineties, aitenge, zvinongokonzerwa haana mari yakakwana. Hwaro wakabatwa Mi-28a, ane upgraded nadzurudzo of Mi-28. Gungano mumutsetse chirimwa muna Rostov zviri chinodiwa kwete kuchinja kukuru, kurimwa nechekare debug. Zvisinei, kukosha kuongorora vazhinji magadzirirwo ruzivo zvirongwa zviri kare nonoka. Mi-28a uye Mi-26H zvikuru zvakafanana chitarisiko. Asi pasi "chitarisiko" yakafanana anovanza zvikuru. Kuchinja zvakakanganisa huru gearbox nezvimwe muzvikamu zhinji. Mumwe aiva zvemagetsi uye dzimwe zvinoriumba uye nemagungano. Kubva kare neherikoputa chinoramba simba warrior fuselage, zvimwe zvombo hurongwa uye marongerwo. Pane imwe akadzama kuti kusiyanisa izvi yetsiva helicopters. Photos pamusoro muchina, kureva akabatana ari rotor, vanoratidza bhora. Kuti pane-kuona zvose "maziso" rwomuvhimi.

General akitekicha

Giraidha Mi-28 yakavakirwa mazano kuMudzidzisi pfungwa wechishanu-chizvarwa yetsiva helicopters. 98% reungano zviumbu kugadzirwa Russia. The mashizha wakaumbwa rinoumba polymer uye vane yunifomu yakarongeka uyewo Profiles uchinyanya aerodynamic maitiro, izvo zvinoderedza ruzha zvinoberekwa navo. Bushings, kazhinji hamutsvaki oiling, izvo nyore zvikuru kushanda. In oparesheni, vagadziri vaifanira nechokwadi kuti Mi-28N "Night Hunter" ndege unhu (yasimuka uremu - 10,5 t, kukurumidza - 300 km / h, padenga - kunofambira mberi 3600m, 6000m dynamically kurwisa mutoro - anopfuura 2 t) haana muduku inokosha womuenzaniso, vaikwanisa kuita aerobatics achiita zvaidiwa zvinotaurwa vakakwereta urongwa, Réservation uye kuburitsa mufananidzo wose zvinokosha nodes. Features kusvika kwaiva kuti motokari chinhu kiberorganizm pamwe yayo sensorics uye mano sei pakarepo nokutyisidzirwa dzinomuka muupenyu kurwa basa.

ACS

The kuzvidzora gadziriro revatema napo. Data All kunodiwa kupedza basa anonyorwa mumafirimu matatu nerimwe oga matumba maviri. Uropi rinoitwa vatatu onboard kombiyuta uye vakawanda peripheral processors. Inowanikwa ane mapurani rakashama anoita kuti zvive nyore kuchinja woshanda mabasa. Ergonomics cabins vakakwana.

The Mi-28N "Night Hunter" pacharo rinotsanangura pachake Coordonatele. Nokuti chinangwa ichi nayo anopiwa zvose hurongwa kudzora mashoko kubva kwokunze chinangwa zvinyorwa: chafariz sensors, makamera uye onboard Manyiminya Rokushandira (RLS "Crossbow") akaisa pamusoro akabatana ari rotor. Nemhaka ruzivo pamusoro spatial nzvimbo kunopa zvakawanda zvinokosha zviri unhu muchina, zvakadai sokuita vabhururuke chaizvo yakaderera altitudes (5 metres), otomatiki yakatsauka kubva zvipingamupinyi (mapango, miti, simba yedzimudzangara mutsetse inotsigira, etc.), tisingatauri kudhumhana pamwe pasi.

atirari chombo

Mukuru chinangwa akasika neherikoputa "Night Hunter", - maitiro ruvengo mumamiriro ezvinhu yakaderera maonero uye panguva yaro yakazara vasipo. nowakautangira wayo, Mi-28, mune zvose anoremekedza chinoshamisa motokari, kusanganisira panyaya firepower, saka kuwanda maoko Mi-24N kazhinji inodzokorora kumumvuri tooling. Gun, 30 mm nouta kumbochinja (2A42) sezvo wayo muhombe mashandiro kugonesa vaipfura neshure chikamu hemisphere (110 madhigirii) uye yakatsauka rworwendo 53 vertically. Zvichida ichatsiviwa mudziyo kunyange zvakawanda akakwana, akakudziridza uchikumbira Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" hakusati ndikabvisa simba kwechirwere, izvo kunotadzisa vachiridzira zvakarurama. pfuti uremu, kuderedza uye kuibvisa pedyo pakati kukomba muchina, sezvo kare akataura, mainjiniya tri.

zvinokandwa

Kutungamirirwa chombo "Ataka-V" rungatora panguva supersonic kumhanya chero warrior chipfuro, kunyange rakafukidzwa MUNGUVA. Chipingaidzo pariri haashandi - achapfuura napakati bvungapfunga, utsi neguruva. New ATGM "Ataka-D" vakawedzera kusvika 8 km siyana. Asi kwete nguva dzose, vashandi vemo of Newest Russian neherikoputa anoshandisa zvombo avo. Kune isingadhuri uye nyore achishandisa kuparadzwa, icho vakabata Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" aigona zvakanaka kuita Nursi C-13, C-57 kana C-80, kana musingadi zvinoda mukuru zvakarurama, pamwe dzokurwa. Chaizvoizvo, vose akarwa Mi-24, ari zvombo ari neherikoputa, pamwe chinhu. Somuenzaniso, unogona kuisa minefields.

Kana renguva pamwero vaimbopota zvingava ezvinhu umo ndege muvengi achaedza kuuya pasi Mi-28N. "Night Hunter" achakwanisa kurambwa zvitundumuseremusere "mhepo - mhepo" P-73 anokwanisa kurwisa mhepo huru, ane yakakwirira maneuverability uye nokukurumidza.

Protection uye kununurwa

Home Remedies kuti herikoputa uyu kwayo vanzurudzo. Zvinogona kuuya panguva kukwira yakaderera, mundovanda shure chero mhinganidzo, achiisa radar yavo chete. The vashandi ane nguva kuedza kuongorora mamiriro, chisarudzo uye pakarepo kurwiswa, akarova muvengi firepower zvavo zvose. Against muvengi mhepo kudzivirira ndechimwewo chinhu akachengeterwa. Michini misungo chombo zvichabviswa dzinounzwa kubva chafariz tsoka pamusoro muchina, uye hundi HC-26 akapfura pasi nepfungwa homing warheads.

Cockpit inopiwa tenderera Réservation. Kudzivirira kunoita 10-mm aruminiyamu chiwanikwa pepa pamwe rakachengetedzwa zvedongo akaturikidzana. Lantern warrior girazi vane Ukobvu 43 mm (musoro-mberi) kusvika 22 mm (lateral). uyewo mutyairi chokutonga uye opareta akakamurwa dzokurwa ndiro.

chenjedzo Izvi hazvirevi sokuti yakawandisa pasi simba moto muvengi. Mukuwedzera, akashandisa uye magadzirirwo mitoo kuti kuderedza munjodzi zvinokosha zvinoriumba, zvinoti:

- Engines vari munzvimbo dzokuzororera dzaiva mumativi, izvo zvinoderedza mukana munhu mawa kukundikana projectile kana rova;

- the neherikoputa anokwanisa kusvika mujinga rimwe injini, iyo yaibva Anovhura pakarepo zvizere chinzvimbo;

- kunonyanyisa kushandiswa pneumatic nzira;

- kuburitsa mufananidzo huru hurongwa.

Urongwa uye vashandi kwaaizoita ngozi akangwarira, pakuparwa kubatwa neherikoputa nhungamiro gadziriro vanoziva nezvazvo pakarepo uye kukwanisa kutora matanho kuponesa motokari, kana varege kupfuura mamiriro ezvinhu, hwavo. Bailout unoshanda modes maviri, pakusarudza icho kunobva kumusoro (kusvika 100 M kana kupfuura). Saka pane kupfura mashizha uye bapiro ukomba.

Uye inopa zvakaoma kumhara muoti. Armchairs uye kumhara giya vakasikwa nenzira yakadaro kuti abhadhare kubva tichimhanya uye kuderedza simba kukanganisa pasi. Kazhinji, CB mainjiniya vakaita zvavaigona kuti vaunoshanda upenyu hwaiva mudukusa zvaibvira ngozi.

Aina shanduro

Kuongororwa tactical uye michina chokupika "Night Hunter" inotungamirira vakagumisa kuti mauto reRussia nezvombo vakanga yakanaka revarwi neherikoputa munyika. It anokwanisa kuita kurwisana mishoni mu chakanyanya kuoma ezvinhu: parima guru, bvungapfunga, utsi uye moto. Panyaya iyi, vashandi vemo ane mukuru mukana kuponesa upenyu kunyange mumamiriro hachifadzi kuitika dzeminda. Hazvishamisi kuti kwete bedzi Russian Ministry of Defense, asi dzimwe nyika vaida kushongedzera uto raro Mi-28N. Photos of michina aya zviratidzo Air Force weIjipiti, Algeria uye Iraq akazviratidza pachaunga nokukurumidza, zvinokwanisika kuti mune dzimwe nyika Latin America, ivo achadzitira yenyika zvido. mubereko mukuru "Night Hunter" uye akaratidza hurumende Swedish. Chokwadi, aina shanduro akasiyana zvemukati Russian zvishandiso uye achizadza zvimwe zvinoitwa chombo enyika.