Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa - the ngano pamusoro renyukireya

Nuclear simba zvinomera - chinhu nevakawanda mudziyo munyika magetsi kugadzirwa. Revai simba kubva zvenyukireya siyana yagara zvisingabatsiri. Mushure tsaona panguva paChernobyl simba renyukireya chirimwa, Fukushima nyika munharaunda vakatanga kutya nemafungiro simba zvenyukireya. Zvino simba renyukireya riri kushandiswa munyika 31. Vatungamiri nokuti kugadzirwa simba renyukireya - the United States, France, Russia, China, South Korea. Munyika muhombodo kushanda 411 zvenyukireya reactors.

Uye nyika yokutanga simba renyukireya chirimwa aiva Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa. We kumhanya muna Obninsk muna 1954.

History of Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant

Zvinozivikanwa kuti muna 1949 Soviet Union akaita muedzo wokutanga Soviet mabhomba bhomba. Miedzo vakabudirira, uye machinda kunge akambofunga nezvechiitiko kushandisa renyukireya rugare. Kwakasarudzwa kuvaka reactor wokutanga kuti rugare kushandisa simba renyukireya siyana. Somugumisiro, Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa akatanga kuvaka Kaluga mudunhu muna 1950.

The vakaronga Kukwanisa simba chirimwa yakanga 5,000 KW. 4 Makore akazotevera, muna June 1954, yokutanga renyukireya simba chirimwa munyika akaiswa kushanda. Production kwakanga multifunctional. The chiteshi unobereka kwete chete magetsi asiwo kupisa. Mukuwedzera, munharaunda Obninsk NPP akaronga tsvakurudzo muzinda pakudzidza zvenyukireya siyana.

Mabhomba Race uye tsvakurudzo anotsanangura simba chirimwa

The US akaedza kubata Soviet Union kukura renyukireya. enyika American uye zvidzidzo haana kuzivikanwa muna Obninsk NPP maindasitiri nzvimbo, akaitumidza, asi masayendisiti centre. Vaiti rekutanga renyukireya simba chirimwa muna Shippingport, Pennsylvania, iro raparurwa muna 1958 nyika renyukireya nesimba chirimwa.

Ndiani aiva kurudyi riri? In nyasha rayo shanduro vokuAmerica yataurwa chokwadi chokuti Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa kwete chete kuva zvinobatsira, asi haana vapone date rudzi mari nayo kudziyisa uye Magetsi mumakore ekutanga huchishanda.

Masayendisiti Soviet vakabvuma chokwadi kuti mumakore munyika yokutanga simba chiteshi kushanda nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana bvunzo mamiriro kusarudza zvakanaka nokushanda kwadzinoita mangwanani. Achangobva kutanga Obninskaya ukapedza Magetsi kupfuura akabudiswa.

Panguva yacho yaibereka uye vakadzidziswa zvokuchenesa of Soviet zvenyukireya Ngarava dzepasi pemvura.

Kuvhara zviri yemapurisa uye norunyerekupe pamusoro tsaona

Zvino chirimwa hachisi kushanda. reactors Its zvachose akamira muna 2002. Chokwadi ndechokuti yokutsvakurudza zvinangwa zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti chete haichawaniki nokuda nderechinyakare ruzivo uye midziyo haana kuuya mubereko chechitima.

Legend zvenyukireya simba kwagara chinhu makuhwa pakati yevagari. Pakati veko riri kuonekwa kuti pedyo zvenyukireya nemwaranzi pamwero wakakwirira kupfuura mune dzimwe nzvimbo muguta. Vagari Obninsk achiri kutya kuti vasangane nemwaranzi, nokuti yokunzvenga simba divi. Kazhinji runyerekupe pamusoro tsaona, choutsi, nemwaranzi idonhe uye mwaranzi kubva Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant rinogona kunzwika muna Moscow mudunhu uye muMoscow. The chinoshamisa ndechokuti kukurukurirana izvi zvave nokushingaira neakangwara pashure pakazovharwa simba pakati pavanhu.

The miziyamu ndiyo nhepfenyuro yakavakirwa

Pari vanonakidza kupfuura miziyamu kwesimba zvenyukireya Russia - nayo Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa. Excursions dzinoitirwa pano kugara. Zvimwe zvinhu pamusoro ravarwi vari kufarira vashanyi miziyamu. Somuenzaniso, pasinei kuvhara hwomuti muna 2002, kubva basa haisati vakauya kusununguka. Izvi zvinoita pasi nokuda makuhwa zvitsva uye nezvazvo.

Zvinozivikanwa kuti mushure kuvhara zviri reactor yenyukireya yakanga yabviswa radioactive mafuta. The reactor yakanga yapera namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara. Chii chakaitika graphite matanda - moderated zvenyukireya siyana - vazhinji vakanga akashuma.

The husinganzwisisiki uye dzinonakidza makuhwa, chikuru Vashanyi kuti miziyamu kunokwezva ari Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa. Photo panguva huru wokupinda chirimwa mumba pamwe reactor kudzora pagore anoita zvakawanda vadzidzi Power kuuya pano kushanyira.

zvabuda

Obninsk Nuclear Power Plant iri rinobwinya kunyange rwokugadzira uye simba chizvarwa. Zviri nani kuva chiratidzo. United States of America vanozivikanwa munyika yokutanga mabhomba nebhomba rakaputika, Soviet Union Kusiyana neizvi, kutanga munyika vakatanga kushandisa mabhomba simba chinangwa chokuunza runyararo. Obninsk simba renyukireya chirimwa - the kunozivikanwa kambani haisi chete uye kwete zvikuru nokuti nyika yokutanga renyukireya simba chirimwa, uye ndicho kupfuura mumakore Research Institute kuti kudzidza zvenyukireya siyana uye simba renyukireya riri USSR.