Mifananidzo yechiGiriki yaamai vaMwari: maitiro ezvisikwa

Sezvaunenge uchiziva, yega yeOrthodox chiratidzo chinogadzirwa kuitira kubatsira, kudzivirira, kunyaradza mune imwe mamiriro ezvinhu ehupenyu. Mukuwedzera, zviratidzo zvinopesana muchigadziro, maitiro ekunyora, nzira yekushanda. Zvisinei, pamusoro pezvose zvakarongeka.

Chii chiratidzo?

Kubva muhutano hwemamiriro ekuona maonero, chiratidzo chiri mufananidzo unoitwa mumatambudziko akawanda pane zvakaoma pasi, zvichiwedzerwa nezviratidzo zvechitendero uye zvinyorwa. Kazhinji yakanyorwa pabhodheni reindindwe rakavharwa ne gesso (liquid glue uye alabaster). Mifananidzo yacho inogonawo kusanganisira zvifananidzo, mifananidzo, mifananidzo.

MuchiKristu, chiratidzo (chiGiriki "chimiro", "chifananidzo") chisikwa chinoratidza vanhu kana zviitiko kubva munhoroondo tsvene iyo inoshandiswa kunamatwa kwevatendi - Orthodox, maKaturike, ane chokuita nemachechi ekare eEastern. Zvinyorwa zvezvinhu zvakadai zvekunamata zvakagamuchirwa paSeventh Ecumenical Council muna 787.

Mifananidzo yakasiyana-siyana

Mifananidzo yechiGiriki nechiyero zvakakamurwa kuva marudzi matanhatu:

1. Inofanirwa - inopiwa nokuda kwekubhabhatidzwa kwomwana, kukwirira kwavo kwakaenzana nekukura kwomwana.
2. Mhuri - mufananidzo wevatariri vemhuri yese.
3. Zita rokuti - patron saint, mushure mekunge munhu anonzi zita rake (rakagadzwa nezuva rokuzvarwa uye khalendhe yeOrthodox yezuva revatsvene).
4. Kuroorana - zvifananidzo zvakadaro nemufananidzo waJesu Kristu uye Mhandara Maria kuropafadza avo vakaroorana.
5. Festive - nhoroondo yeiyi kana kuti yezororo rechiKristu.
6. Vow - yakanyorwa pamusoro pechipikirwa.

Zvose zviratidzo zvechiGiriki zvinoratidzira Muponesi zvinowanzoreva nyaya imwechete - kuonekwa kweMwanakomana waShe munyama munyika yevanhu. Mufananidzo unonyanya kuzivikanwa ndewe "Muponesi Asina Kuitwa nemaoko" - chinyorwa che Divine Face pabhodhi. Mifananidzo iyi inowanzonzi:

• "Wemasimbaose" - neruoko rumwe Kristu anokomborera, mune rimwe rinotora bhuku;
• "Ishe pachigaro choumambo" - hukuru, chiratidzo chezvose;
• "Muponesi muMasimba";
• Mwana Jesu muzvombo zveTheotokos.

Mifananidzo dzechiGiriki dzeMhandara, vadziviriri venyika yeRussia, dzakasiyana zvakasiyana maererano neurongwa, saka dzinofanirwa kusarudza chikamu chakasiyana, chinotevera.

Maererano netsika yezvifananidzo zvidhori zvakakamurwa kuita zvikamu zviviri:

1. Canonical ndiyo yakare-kare, yepakutanga, tsika yemagariro. Chimiro chechimiro-chidimbu chemufananidzo, apo basa guru rinopiwa kune tsanangudzo - shades, zvipfeko zvekugadzira.
2. Chikoro - chimiro chayo ndechokuWest Europe mufananidzo wekupenda. Zviratidzo zvakadaro zvakaonekwa muRussia munguva yaPetro.

ChiGiriki zviratidzo zveamai vaMwari

Zvidhori zvinoratidza mufananidzo weChishanu Intercessor kubva pane zvakasiyana-siyana:

1. "Chiratidzo" (Oranta, Incarnation). Pachiratidzo tinoona mufananidzo wekunyengetera Virgin Mary (Oranta). Pamwoyo wepamusoro, ane rutivi, medallion, inoratidza Muponesi Emmanuel, achiri muchibereko chaamai vake. Maoko aamai vaMwari anomutswa mukunyengeterera, uye maoko eMuponesi anokomborera muoni, akabata mupumburu. Zvipfeko zvaMaria ndezvetsika - zvidzitiro zvebhuruu uye cape tsvuku. Pamativi ose maviri ezvo akanyorwa masimba ekumatenga - ngirozi nengirozi huru.
2. "Mutungamiri" (Hodegetria). Mhandara inotungamirira mutendi kubva murima kuenda kuchiedza, kuna Kristu, ndiye bhiriji panzira inoenda kuRuponeso. Heino inoratidzwa naMaria naJesu mumaoko ake, neruoko rumwe anotaura kumucheche, achitungamirira muoni kwaari. Kristu anokomborera mufananidzo waamai.
3. "Unyoro" (Eleus) ndiyo inonyanya kuratidza chiGiriki chiratidzo chaamai vaMwari. Musoro weTheotokos uye Muponesi unofambidzana, Jesu anobatanidza Amai nemutsipa. Maria haasi amai chete, asiwo mweya unoda kutaura naMwari.
4. "Murevereri" - Maria anoratidzwa asina mwana, akazara-refu, mumaoko ake mupumburu.
5. Akathist echiGiriki zviratidzo zvinoratidza Amai vaMwari sezvazvakanyorwa muAkathist. Kune imwe yemifananidzo yacho inobatwa nemumwe munyengetero munguva yakaoma yehupenyu - kune "Burning Bush", "The Inexhaustible Chalice," "Unofara pamusoro pechisikwa chose chakasikwa", "Our Lady of Bogolyubsky", nezvimwewo.

Urongwa hwemifananidzo

ChiGiriki icons panzvimbo yacho:

• Kufananidzira Kristu;
• Mutsvene Utatu;
• Our Lady;
• Vatsvene;
• Mazororo uye zviitiko zvechechi;
• Zvinyorwa, zvifananidzo zvinomiririra.

Nhamba yezvirongwa zvezvizvi:

• Rimwe, maviri kana kupfuura zvikamu;
• Chinangwa chikuru uye zvikamu (zviduku zviduku zvechipiri) - hagiographic, akathist, mifananidzo nechiito;
• Jerusarema - kuwanda kwezvikamu zvinoratidzira nzvimbo tsvene dzeguta racho.

Scale:

• Musoro (rimwe chiso);
• Armored;
• Bhanti;
• Chigaro cheushe (chigaro chakagara);
• Kukura.

Nzvimbo:

• Temberi;
• Mugwagwa (ku-kuita);
• Imba.

Nzira yeiyo icon:

• Picturesque;
• Embroidery;
• Cast;
• Akavezwa;
• Typographical (yakadhindwa);
• Kubata (yakavharwa aritari).

Kune mutendi, chiratidzo hachisi kungoita mufananidzo wakanaka. Iri ihwindo raanotaura kuna Mwari, Mupindiri wekudenga. Nzira dzakasiyana-siyana dzemifananidzo dzinobatanidzwa nebasa ravainazvo muupenyu hweOrthodox.