National mumapaki uye hunhu matura Lake Baikal. Baikal reserves

On redu, pane nzvimbo zvinogona zvakarurama vaiona mukuru zvaakasika zvakasikwa. Pakati pavo kanoda inogarwa mi- Lake Baikal, vanhu veko kunyange akadana gungwa. Munzvimbo dzakapoteredza akanaka pakutarisika: mijenya kunonakidza zvirimwa zvikure pano. Uye vamwe mhuka kuti pedyopo, pose havachisiri kuwanikwa. Chokwadi, vamwe vavo, zvinosuruvarisa riri pedyo kutsakatika.

Nature reserves National Parks Baikal yakarongwa dzakawanda nharaunda yakabatana kwegungwa, kubatsira kudzivirira uye kuchengetedza zvose izvi pristine nzvimbo uye isingawanzowanikwi fauna of uye kasvisto.

The yakakurumbira nyanza Russia

In Russia iri Lake Baikal yaasingazivi, pamwe chete simbe. Zvisinei, pasi pose, iri dzinongoitika nzvimbo iri inozivikanwa zvikuru.

Riri kumaodzanyemba chikamu Eastern kweSiberia, pedyo nomuganhu Irkutsk nharaunda uye Republic of Buryatia. Kwakachengetwa Baikal, Photo iyo yapera kubudisa runako munzvimbo idzi vari pano.

The zvachose nzvimbo akati dura rinosvika anenge 32 zviuru mativi makiromita. Nzvimbo iyi ndiyo akafanana munyika dzakadai Netherlands kana Belgium! Ungafungidzira sei mukuru Baikal? Kureba kwegungwa kuwarira pamusoro 620 makiromita, uye panguva iyoyo kubva muchadenga, izvozvo potse anotarisa rwakaita kirisendi mwedzi.

Masayendisiti anofungidzira kuti nemakore kwegungwa ndiwo makore anopfuura mamiriyoni 20. Kazhinji, kuti madhamu yakaumbwa mumakore Ice Age, pane chete makore anenge 15 zviuru, uye zvishoma nezvishoma inonyangarika kubva nyika pevhu. Asi akashandura mugungwa kuchengeterwa ichiri chinoratidza hapana zvinoratidza kuchembera. Uyezve, masayendisiti pfungwa kuti gungwa zvingangodaro zvichiitika munyanza.

Chii yakakurumbira Lake Baikal

Zvisinei, kwete chete nokuti ayo anoshamisa ukuru uye hunoshamisa yekare zera yakakurumbira Lake Baikal. Munyika inozivikanwa sendarama rakadzika mudhamu. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti kunonyanyisa nechokure kubva mvura panyika kusvikira pasi ndiyo 1642 mamita! Enzanisa gobvu gungwa panorumwe, rinonzi "Tanganyika" Anozvirumbidza kudzika mamita 1,470 chete.

Baikal achiri kwazvo hake, kunyange vachiziva mumbure kuchengetera mvura yakachena pamusoro Earth.

Amazing hunhu kuchengeterwa kweLake Baikal

Wonderful hunhu, iro riri pakati kwazvo dziva. Pedyo uye pasi yayo chaiyoiyo ukobvu uchikura bvudzi rinenge 600 marudzi zvinomera. Animal Baikal nyika sezvo izere siyana: Chokwadi kune vanopfuura 2000 marudzi. Muchiitiko chino, vakawanda vomunharaunda kasvisto uye fauna of zvinogona chete kuwanikwa pano.

Somuenzaniso, mhuka zvinoshamisa Baikal ndiye chisimbiso, kana chisimbiso Baikal. Ndiye mumiririri chete hwemvura mhuka pano, uye hama dzacho pedyo inowanikwa kweGungwa reCaspian uye Gungwa North, uyewo Lake Ladoga.

Mutsindo vamiririri Baikal fauna of vari Sable, nembira, bheya, Chidembo, tsindi, Chidembo uye wolverine. Pano unogona kuwana akawandisa shiri, kunyanya waterfowl. Pashure pezvose, Somuenzaniso, vakawanda swans, duck, gulls, shiri uye kunyange bvudzi herons kufara kusvika kuvanhu vakawanda kudaro penzvimbo mvura.

nzvimbo Yakavhariridzwa kubva Lake Baikal

Kuti achengetedze zvikuru kasvisto uye fauna of dzinokosha dzine akadzivirira zvakatangwa.

Pakati pavo pane dzakawanda hunhu hwemunhu uye vaviri National Parks. Baikal Reserve zvinosanganisira vakaparadzana zvinhu zvitatu, riri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana mugungwa. Dzinonyanya basa iri kudzivirirwa mungozi uye kashoma mhando dzemhuka uye zvinomera, uyewo achivapa zvakanakisisa ezvinhu kuti kubereka.

Baikal reserves

Kwakachengetwa pamusoro munharaunda Baikal sezvo vakawanda matanhatu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo rakagadzirirwa kuchengetedza kana kudzorera dzinongoitika gadziriro uye vanochengetedza zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza nengaidzo yose nenyika yaro.

Mukuru wavo - Kabansky Reserve, yakavambwa muna 1967. Riri mune Delta rwizi inonzi Selenga, riri kumabvazuva kwegungwa. Chinangwa charo kudzivirira waterfowl uye nenzvimbo yavanogara. Muna 1975 Stepnodvoretsky kuchengeterwa akasikwa, uyewo riri riri kumabvazuva. It ndehwokuti kuramba uye tinobereka kuSiberia nemhara nemhembwe uye dzimwe mhuka.

Verkhneangarsky Reserve rakaumbwa muna 1979 kumusoro pamhenderekedzo Lake Baikal, kumabvazuva chikamu Delta of Upper Angara. basa rake - kudzivirira yokurarama ayo munharaunda waterfowl. In Baikal nharaunda riri kumabvazuva kwegungwa muna 1981 akazviratidza Pribaikalskiy kuchengeterwa, izvo zvinofanira rokudzorera kuramba uwandu dzomusango.

kuchamhembe-kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Lake Baikal muna 1988 vakava mundima Frolihinskogo kuchengeterwa, izvo anofanirawo kutsigira nhamba mhuka kuti kurarama pano. Zvikuru kuchangobva muna 1995 Enheluksky kuchengeterwa chikamu kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva kwegungwa akasikwa. Basa rake raiva kubereka, Kuchengetedzwa uye kudzorerwa mhuka neshiri vanokosheswa mune tsika, zvesayenzi uye zvoupfumi urongwa.

National mumapaki pagungwa

Chekutanga kugungwa akazviratidza Pribaikalskiy National Park. It yakarongwa February 1986, uye nhasi ndima yacho 418 zviuru. Ha. Chinosanganisira yose yokumadokero kumhenderekedzo kwegungwa kubva Kumaodzanyemba pfungwa kuGungwa Small uye kusvikira Hare River, inova Muganhu worutivi mumwe vakadzivirira nzvimbo pasi zita "Baikal-Lena Reserve". On Baikal Izvi zvakare akakurumbira chitsuwa Olkhon.

Vazhinji zvose nharaunda iyi rinosanganisira masango. Baikal kasvisto uye Fauna of paki ane vanopfuura 500 akasiyana mhuka. Vamwe mhuka inowanikwa pano akarongwa sezvo pangozi, uye zvinomera zviri mashoma chaizvo zvipenyu zviri pasi chaiyo kudzivirira.

Muna September wegore iroro akavaka mumwe National Park - Trans-Baikal, imwe nzvimbo 270 zviuru hectares .. It inoremekedzwa kumhenderekedzo yokumabvazuva pegungwa, kumaodzanyemba nayo ichikutadzisa rwizi Barguzin. The paka ndiyo yakabatana nzvimbo inonzi "The Barguzin Reserve". Baikal Lake mupaki zvinosanganisira Mutsvene Mhete kweItari, Chivyrkuisky Gulf rezvitsuwa Ushkany chitsuwa, uye kunyange chikamu mudziva nzvimbo.

Chikonzero chikuru chakaita kuti pakasikwa paka ichi rava hunhu kuchengetedza Transbaikalia, kusanganisira Baikal chisimbiso, uyo anoda kuronga Ushkaniye rookeries pazvitsuwa, uye waterfowl vagere gungwa Arangatuy.

Magnificent Baikal Reserve

Nokuda akadaro vakawanda munzvimbo yakadzivirirwa kushandisa chinenge chakamira kuchengetedza pacharo uye Lake Baikal. Reserve - nzvimbo kune wakaoma hurumende unodzivirira, saka ndima chero akadai wairambidza kuvhima, kutema miti, kuunganidzwa zvinomera, michero uye howa uye mugodhi. Uyewo kuchengeterwa ariko nesayenzi chawo, apo akadzidza mhuka anounganidzwa uye nezvinhu zvesayenzi.

nzvimbo dzose idzi vanodzivirirwa chaiyo nzira, nokuti mumwe nomumwe wavo pasi pedyo pokudzora tiri nomumwe zvinomera nemhuka, uye vakawanda yose zvakasikwa. Kuti vasvike kune nyanza kuchengeterwa, unofanira kuwana mvumo kwokubatsira, uye chiyero vanonzi.

Barguzin chengetedza

Zvayaiva kugungwa kuchengeterwa, inova imwe mukuru Russia. It akasikwa May 1916 kuponesa kudzorera vanhu Sable. Ndima yayo anopindura 374 zviuru. Ha uye riri pedo kumadokero mujinga ari Barguzin muhomba kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Lake Baikal.

Barguzin Nature Reserve ari chiero chaicho rezvakasikwa uye zvakananga kubva hunhu kuchengeterwa uye biosphere polygon. Vazhinji nzvimbo yeko chakafukidzwa kunyanya nokuda gobvu masango uye akanaka YOMUMAKOMO Mafuro. Yakawanda nzvimbo iri inogarwa pamatombo, pane kunyange anezvimiti. A vazhinji mashoma uye kunyange akanyorwa muna Red muBhuku mhuka inogarwa nzvimbo. The Barguzin Reserve anotora kwayo kutanga anopfuura 11 nzizi inoyerera mugungwa. Kunyange pano nevamwe chafariz matsime, umo mvura iri neshungu 70 madhigirii uye yakakwirira.

Gore negore pano vanowanzoda kuti mapoka makuru evanhu evashanyi, asi anenge zvose mundima yeparutivi akavharwa kwavari. Nokuti kupaka munharaunda zvikuru akasarudzwa pano vanoda chaiyo mvumo zvakanaka. Ronga zvinogona chete kuva rimwe cordons. Ivo dziri muna Bay pakati Sosnovka pamusoro capes musk uye Shegnanda uye kiromita imwe chete kuchamhembe pamuromo rwizi zvakare.

Uye nharaunda yose biosphere polygon rakatenderedzwa mumiromo nzizi mbiri - Cabana uye Shegnanda - unogona kugumira anenge asina kurambidzwa.

Panzira, mumusha Dashva maringe kuchengeterwa, pane miziyamu zvakasikwa. Zvinogona takasununguka kushanyira chero nzvimbo.

Baikal chengetedza

Direct kuwana Lakes Great haana riri yayo rwezasi-kumabvazuva kwemhenderekedzo Baikal hunhu chengetedza. Baikal vakaparadzana nayo railroads uye migwagwa yakanga yakavakwa pedyo pamahombekombe pedyo kuchamhembe muganhu chengetedza. It rakaumbwa muna September 1969, uye nharaunda yayo, nzvimbo vanenge 166 zviuru. Ha.

Baikal Reserve ari nechepakati chikamu muhomba yainzi Khamar-Daban. Pane kuitika nzizi anenge 30, kumusha mabheya, mapere, makava uye sables. Uyewo pano unogona kuwana zvakawanda mhuka dzakarongwa sezvo pangozi: dema nezimudo, Crested Honey gora, otter, chiredzo-vampire.face poro uye toucan.

Baikal-Lena Reserve

Kudeuka ndima, chikamu 659 zviuru. Ha, anopindura kuti Baikal-Lena Reserve. Baikal anodzivirira pamusoro wayo wokumusoro-Mahombekombe, Olkhon uye Kachugsky District of Irkutsk Region. nzvimbo iyi zvakasikwa chinodzivirira muduku, sezvo yakatangwa December 1986.

Munguva kuchengeterwa pane dzakawanda varipo vakakurumbira Baikal: craters inoverengeka anoputika yekare, Cape akadana Ryty uye manyuko of Lena River. Uyewo, nzvimbo iyi izere mabheya, pane kunyange pamahombekombe shava mabheya, rakagumbatirwa pakati Headlands maviri: The akafa uye Elokhin. Izvi zveufende kubuda mushure ichimutsa kubva kuhwanda, kuti sei kudya. Kunyange pano unogona kuwana namapere, yokuSpain yenondo, uyewo zvikuru isingawanzowanikwi-dzavhara dema day of marmot.

Zvinoshamisa nzvimbo dzokuona dzakanaka uye rakasiyana nemhuka - ava vaviri zvikonzero izvozvo munokosha kanenge kamwe muupenyu hwavo kuuya Lake Baikal. Russian Reserve, chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha - zita iri rinogona zvakachengeteka kupa yose mundima yenyu. Chete pasi pedyo murindi, uye nemhaka kutarisirwa nomumwe munhu, nzvimbo idzi dzinogona akachengetedzwa kwaro yepakutanga chimiro.