Ndezvipi zvirongwa hurumende? Public utano, zvirongwa zvedzidzo uye zveupfumi

Muna Russian Federation nakwo pamusoro pokumuka uye Implementation zvirongwa zvehurumende. Resource nezvaanogona kuita mutemo uye chikuru chokuratidza kuti kusarudza matambudziko kudzidza chirongwa neimwe. Kazhinji izvi zvinoita kuti mbudo nechemberi magetsi matambudziko pamusoro zvine urongwa. Gore negore, panguva paumbwe yeUnited bhajeti pamwero kunotenderwa hwakawanda mapurogiramu kuti mari kubva batana bhajeti.

State Program: tsananguro uye zvinoreva

Chirongwa mamiriro Russian chikuru nzira Implementation of womukati pachena mutemo kuti kukanganiswa pave evanhu, ezvoupfumi mabhora muupenyu uye vanofanira kutungamirirwa Implementation mikuru yesayenzi uye mari zvirongwa, basa agadzirise zvinetso zvakaoma, ndiye zvoupenyu mabasa yeUnited, kwematunhu uye nemakanzuru masimba. Uyezve, inobatanidzwa nguva, vatambi uye zvekuvaka muunganidzwa maindasitiri, zvoupfumi, kwesainzi, magariro, zveupfumi uye vazhinji mamwe mabasa kuti chinangwa pakuronga uye kuona kukura mamiriro muminda siyana uye nzvimbo yebasa.

Zvirongwa Government dzinokudziridzwa uye rakatangwa ne varikutonga masimba kana zvimwe vakuru venhaka budgetary mari, nemasimba anosanganisira Implementation pamusoro zvirongwa zvoruzhinji, pamwe nemamwe Artists uye vechikamu chirongwa.

chirongwa mamiriro

Mumwe chirongwa muna Russian Federation zvinosanganisira:

• hurumende Zvirongwa yeUnited uye / kana purogiramu;
• mabasa makuru uye / kana departmental chipfuro zvirongwa;
• dzakananga matanho dzakanangana nekugadzirisa chimwe chirongwa basa.

Standard Software mamiriro iri sezvinotevera:

• Pfungwa yacho dambudziko uye uchapupu kudiwa kugadzirisa chirongwa nzira;
• zvinangwa, zvinangwa, nguva uye zvokukura Implementation purogiramu;
• kunzwisisa chirongwa mabasa: zvekushandisa, zvoupfumi, Maitiro, tsvakurudzo, etc.
• kukura uye zvinopa mari, zvekuvaka kugadzirwa mabasa;
• Implementation mashandiro;
• sangano uye nzira Kuziva management kuzvidzora;
• kuona kubudirira purogiramu akapa pamigumisiro uye zvabuda;
• pasipoti.

Hazvo anosarudza kuti parameters kuti vakasangana nevanhu chirongwa akasikwa ane maberere pamusoro zvaitika kuti munguva kuchinja mamiriro Somuenzaniso, zvemagariro mabasa, unhu uye nemararamiro, zvemagariro kuchengeteka, upfumi, utano, uye vamwe.

Zvirongwa Government dzinobva kubvumirwa kwenguva chaiyo nguva mabasa Hurumende; mbuva kutsanangura pfungwa zveupfumi kukura Russian Federation; sarudzo President uye Prime Minister; mitemo yeUnited.

Kupatsanura purogiramu hurumende

mapurogiramu hurumende Inogona Classified pamusoro siyana chikonzero:

• nokutungamirira uye tsime disbursement kuti mari (yeUnited dzakapoteredza, matunhu neminisiparati);
• matambudziko kuti kugadziriswa padanho (Inter-bazi, bazi, emo);
• hunhu matambudziko kuti kugadziriswa (revatema, tsvakurudzo, socio-zvoupfumi, dzesayenzi-hwokugadzira uye vamwe.);
• pamusoro mazwi wokutengesa (pfupi, unosvikirwa, yakareba).

Recent kuitikawo vakadaro kuti chirongwa hurumende zvainanga kwete chete pane munhu azvipire kugadzirisa dambudziko, somuenzaniso, yeUnited uye nemakanzuru, kana kunyange dzimwe nguva vemo. Saka, panguva imwe chete chete Implementation iri yeUnited yakati sandara, purogiramu yacho kukura nepurogiramu remunharaunda iri munharaunda akapoteredza uye nyaya.

Zvokukura Kugadzirwa zvirongwa ehurumende

Chero chikamu chepurogiramu ehurumende ari kunyatsodzidza ayo pamutemo zvinoriumba. Chero zvazvingava, zviri yokungoitawo vachitsigirwa pamutemo kuumbwa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chinangwa uye kugutsikana purogiramu arege zvinopesana, kupinda zvinopesana nemitemo anokosha uye pamutemo dzepamutemo mabasa nyika kana kutyora kodzero mumwe uye norusununguko.

Process, kugutsikana uye mamiriro chirongwa ehurumende vari kuisa kufungisisa zvinoshanda mitemo nemirayiro iri kugadzirwa kutora dzavo mugove zvemitemo uye Executive masimba, zvesayenzi uye voruzhinji masangano uye neshamwari.

Zvisingagamuchirwi ndiye unyorwe anokosha nechinzvimbo uye chirongwa kugutsikana Formulations ane chinangwa choudyire.

Mapurogiramu hurumende kukura kwavo vanosangana matanho akawanda dyidzana:

1. Fixed dambudziko. Kuti chirongwa aiva nekodzero zvivepo, unofanira kupa zvikapa kururamisirwa kukosha kwayo uye kuziva matambudziko kugutsikana kuti inoda kugadziriswa mapurogiramu unyanzvi;
2. Creative. Concept - chinhu chinokosha chipi hurongwa, zvakakodzera kuzoumba uye kupembedza inonyatsobudirira zvokusarudza, nzira kana nzira kugadzirisa matambudziko;
3. Kugadzirira vaitaura. Panguva iyi, kunyatsodzidza dzakananga vaitaura kuti atarise nyaya, rinorondedzerwa boka chipfuro uye akapiwa mari uye upfumi ongororo;
4. Sarudzo. Hurumende yeRussia kana zvimwe muviri mvumo anofanira kusarudza kutanga chirongwa pakukura rikurumidze.
5. Kutanga purojekiti. Basa rinotanga sangano kukura chirongwa gwaro, akagadzira zvinangwa uye zvinangwa, kwawakabva uye deadlines, pfuma uye vatambi;
6. Development mabasa. Zvakananga wakavhomorwa nouchapupu chikamu chepurogiramu, dikidiki bhajeti chikumbiro uye kuumba urongwa bhizimisi;
7. Ongororo. Maererano mhando uye hunhu chirongwa wakapfuura kuongororwa achiita :. Economic, zvemitemo, hwokugadzira uye nezvimwe gwaro chirongwa chikwata pamwe mushumiro, vehurumende masangano zvinobatanidzwa kwayo Implementation.

The kutenderera dzakabudirira chirongwa upenyu

Pashure pokuongororwa kuita edits, mamiriro purogiramu chirongwa anoenda kuburikidza dzakawanda upenyu zvinogara:

• Chisarudzo paruzhinji simba. The Russian hurumende, ushumiri kana zvimwe akasarudzwa simba yorugwaro anofanira kutora chisarudzo pamusoro pakutanga chirongwa;
• Kuziva. Vanogadzwa mhosva Implementation pakati zvikamu papurogiramu, kunze richiona mabasa uye kushandisa mari. Kana zvakakodzera, chisarudzo pamusoro wayo kuchinja;
• In nedanho Implementation purogiramu mari anoitwa chete maererano bhajeti chikumbiro.
• Kunyatsoongorora nemigumisiro uye kushanda.

The Implementation purogiramu hurumende kubatsira

State Zvirongwa ruyamuro vari vakawanda vava. Monitoring zvinetso zvenzanga pachena kukoshesa basa. Saka, kwemakore anoverengeka purogiramu "Promotion mabasa" (kubva 2012), iro rinotarisira kupa zvechechi, ezvemitemo uye zvoupfumi mamiriro ezvinhu chinobudirira basa musika kukura. The kwemigumisiro yepurogiramu inofanira kuva kuderedza munharaunda nebasa, kuchengetedzwa unyanzvi uye utano vashandi, kudzivirira kwavo basa kodzero.

No zvishoma zvokukurumidzira ndiye chirongwa "rutsigiro Social vomuUmambo", zvakagadzirirwa kuvandudza mhando uye nzira mumagariro rubatsiro Mapato siyana rwomushaiwi, zvakanaka zvavakawana, chokupika ehurumende sungiro yokushamwaridzana mabasa uye nokutsigirwa vagari.

The Implementation zvirongwa zvedzidzo

Public zvirongwa dzidzo ndiwo mashandiro nokuda kuchinja zvinhu zvekutepfenyura ichi. Mumwe wavo - "Development of Education" - rakagadzirirwa 2020 Nokuda yakarongwa mabasa akaronga vabudirire kukura zvose zvedzidzo uye kuti kuwana uye unhu, kutanga kwegadziriro yepamusoro kupima. Dambudziko zvinosanganisira kudzorwa zvigadziriswe optimize paumbwe, ndinosika nomumbure Data Exchange pakati nemasangano edzidzo. Vashandi vanofanira kupiwa pamwe zvakafanira mashoko, kudzidzisa, methodological maturusi kushanda vadzidzi - asiwo chiitiko chinokosha, unosanganisira purogiramu hurumende. Education - mukana kuchizvarwa chevechiduku hwokuchengetedza ramangwana rakanaka.

The Implementation purogiramu utano

Zvirongwa Public utano zvakagadzirirwa kugadzirisa zvikuru zvokukurumidzira zvinetso zvoupenyu kudzivirira vagari Russian 'utano. Kubva 2012 chaitwa "Hurumende purogiramu utano kukura muRussia." Maererano Developers, ndiko yakasiyana zvachose kutaura kuvandudzika kwezvivako, kusikwa rimwe profsredy, vanatsiridze kushanda zvakanaka uye unhu mishonga, kurovedza. Kuwedzera kwaro chirongwa wehurumende inopikira akabvumirwa, musimboti iyo Zviri kuti pave nemamiriro ezvinhu kupa pachena mishonga kune vagari. Senzira mabasa aifarirwa pamazita ezvinhu, mhando uye mhando mishonga, akakudziridza mazita zvirwere icho okurapwa anopiwa pachena, akaumba tariffs,. Aiti muna 2014 uye akaronga 2015-2016.

Implementation purogiramu mumunda upfumi

State Zvirongwa kwoupfumi, kufungisisa kusagadzikana zvemari uye dambudziko vava vamiririri zvinokosha caffeine Russia kubva ezvinhu akaoma.

Sezvo 2013 wakashongedzwa panzvimbo purogiramu "Economic kukura uye nzira itsva zvoupfumi" zvainanga nehurumende murau, Implementation zvinokosha mumunda mumagariro nezvatinovavarira uye nzira itsva zvoupfumi. Pari, zvinonzi aronga kusika akanaka ezvinhu kuti mabhizimisi kukura, nechokwadi kukura kunyatsoshanda pakati paruzhinji siyana management, kuti akwezve mamwe upfumi kukura upfumi. Chimwe chirongwa - "Development vanorumwe zvoupfumi basa" iri 2013-2018 biennium. - nechinangwa kusimbisa wokuRussia chinzvimbo upfumi nyika, chekunatsiridza kuita zviratidzo zviri kwokunze zvakatipoteredza.

Mamwe mapurogiramu hurumende

State budiriro chirongwa ane anenge 40 mazita. Imwe neimwe inoungana chaiwo zvinodiwa makro uye Micro-upfumi pamwero kutanga ehurumende, dzakanangana nekugadzirisa matambudziko nokukurumidza mune yakamanikana sectors hwenyika uye Russian vanhu :. Ecology, mhuka zvakanaka, mauto, vatevedzere mutemo, Internet, miti, etc. Somuenzaniso, muna yechinangwa chirongwa " budiriro zvokurima uye mitemo okurima zvigadzirwa, mbishi zvinhu uye zvokudya 2013-2020 "pakutevedzera matanho vabudirire zvokudya rusununguko wenyika, pamusoro UW makwikwi mishonga yenyika uye kukura zvemari pakusimba. Chirongwa "Pamuviri uye kushandisa zviwanikwa" nechinangwa sangano pfungwa kushandisa zviwanikwa zviri munyika, zvokudya maindasitiri mamineral kutsvaka ruzivo pamusoro pana vapfumi deposits zvicherwa.

Zvinhu chirongwa zvinobudirira

The Implementation purogiramu ehurumende hakusi pasina budiriro uye idzidziso kuti kupima nematurusi kuona kubudirira kwayo. The parameters yakataurwa chirongwa hurumende inofanira mumatauriro for zvoupfumi uye zvemagariro kwemashoko munyika svikiro izwi. Kuoma wavo kunoratidza kuti yeUnited bhajeti kukura rwakazara akapa kuMudzidzisi ezvinhu vanoonekwa kuti zvinoumba kubudirira uye kunyatsoshanda zvirongwa bhajeti.

Zvinhu kuti tibu- kubudirira chirongwa ehurumende:

• Kujeka chikuru chinangwa Sub-purogiramu Sub-siyana;
• kuvapo musoro mamiriro;
• mabasa nokuti Implementation chawakaronga zviyero mamiriro purogiramu muushumiri neimwe mune Implementation;
• kusikwa zvinovakurudzira hurongwa nokuda kubudirira kuita.

Software waivako zvinodiwa

Huru dzekuziva kuti kubudirira nedanho Implementation purogiramu bhajeti vari:

1. Mari-inoshanda: kuwana yakadereresa zvichibvira mari kuti marudzi ose akashandiswa chirongwa mari.
2. Performance: pokugadzwa nhamba basa amakavaitira kukosha mari kuitwa pamusoro payo.
3. Zvinobudirira: kuzara kuita zvinangwa, kuenzaniswa kukura paruzhinji havashandisi mari nemigumisiro kana kushandiswa.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti, kunze mukuru dzekuziva kuti dzakananga mhando chirongwa (zvamagariro, zvokurapa, zvoupfumi, kwezvakatipoteredza, uye vamwe.), Vakava dzakananga zviratidzi kuti asangane donongodzo chinangwa. Kana zvabuda kuita Kukoshesa migumisiro yakanaka kunge akawana, Chirongwa inogona kuwedzerwa mumwe vamwe munguva, asi chete pashure kuita kugadzirisa dzakakodzera.