Ndiani akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky kuti mukurumbira?

Vagankovsky kumakuva, pamwe yakakurumbira kupfuura necropolis kuti modernity. Nhoroondo nzvimbo ino akatanga anenge mazana matatu apfuura uye kuramba nhasi. Kashoma kuti nokusingaperi kukwanisa kumisa ive pasi yakarurama wose akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky dzinenge okupedzisira zana apfuura, tisingatauri ose ayo kare. Mazita vakafa, vakawana pano yokupedzisira routiziro, nokuda kwazvo kumwe kufungidzira kune mwero yaiva nehasha hafu yemiriyoni mazita. Zvisinei, vakawanda vanoramba vasingazivikanwi kuvigwa.

Dambudziko kumukira mujinga kumakuva

Mumwe zvichangobva panomuka edenda Russia mumakore 1770-1772 aizivikanwa kwete chete hombe kurasikirwa hwevanhu, asiwo zvaikosha akakurumbira kusagadzikana muMoscow uye nharaunda yacho. Zvisinei vakakundikana vanomisa nokusagadzikana,, maererano nomurau Empress Catherine II akafa vagari zvairambidzwa kundoviga muguta.

Okudzivirira utano kutora zvazviri, chirwere chacho yaserera, uye pedyo Moscow mumusha New Vagankovo akakura necropolis, dzakanga vakavigwa uye vanhuwo Muscovites.

Ndiani akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky? List kuti vakavigwa mumazuva iwayo, Chokwadi, hapana munhu akanga achitungamirira. Muna 18-19 emakore vakawana zororo pane rokupedzisira vakafa matenda, masoja vakanga vakafa Hondo Borodino, akafa Khodynka nevamwe vanobatwa hondo uye nhoroondo nenjodzi zhinji.

The Great Patriotic War kumakuva Vagankovsky akawedzera uremu makuva uye shongwe kuti kutsigira muguta.

Ko zvose yeuka? Ndiani akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky pamusoro vakakurumbira

Nhasi, chikuru kumakuva muMoscow isu kusonganira makuva zvose chaunofarira vatambi, tsika uye uri vashandi, vezvematongerwo enyika - venguva yedu. Zvichakadaro, vanhu vazhinji vanokanganwa kuti, chaizvoizvo, necropolis kuti mukurumbira ndiyo nzvimbo kuita makore anopfuura zana adarika. Kana pakutanga chaipo kwenhoroondo dzaro Vagankovsky kumakuva aigona "kuzvikudza" asi nezita pamapatya makuva uye mwero pamarinda avarombo, zvino hafu yezana remakore rava nzvimbo yokuzororera avakuru varume nguva yake.

Pakati avo akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky, inozivikanwa mazita remakore rechi19. mutemo uyu uye muchiuto, tsika vashandi, vanyori uye vaimbi. Next kune zvikuru makuva akakurumbira munhoroondo unhu pamwe mwero kuvigwa ikozvino kutokanganwa vanhu, vane mazita anozivikanwa kunze unyanzvi.

Kuyeukwa Decembrist yemuna

List vevaya akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky anogona kutanga mazita Decembrists. Pari, vanomwe chete akapukunyuka marinda avo. Mune imwe fenzi akaisa tombstones Aleksandra Filippovicha Frolova uye Aleksandrov Bobrischeva-Pushkin, pedyo navo Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda kwakaita Pink machena Ivan Nikolaevich Hotyaintseva.

On huru avhenyu iri neguva Mikhail Alexandrovich Bestuzhev. Pano iye akavigwa mwanasikana wake uye hanzvadzi, Elena. mukadzi Great, ane zita riri raisafanira kukanganwa zvizvarwa. Kuti hazvina rakaramba kuti nhoroondo chinokosha zvakachengetedzwa kwebhokisi - Bestuzhev inozivikanwa maberere pakati Portraits pakati Decembrists, akabvisa naye kubva kuSiberia pashure munin'ina wake rufu.

A Monument pakati mutema girenayiti korona makuva Decembrists Alexander Petrovich Belyaeva, pedyo kuguva uye Nikolai Alexandrovich ZAGORETSKY.

Friends A. S. Pushkina

vanhu vashoma rangarira apo yemakuva nomudetembi kukuru. Kwete, Chokwadi, haana kuzorora kumakuva Vagankovsky. Guva mabhuku ainakidza emutauro wekuRussia iri Holy wemamonk, muna muPskov mudunhu. Zvisinei, iwayo vakararama panguva yake, iye akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky, vakawanda vave chokuita A. S. Pushkinym uye mhuri yake.

Saka, pedo kukereke Ensemble vari makuva dzepedyo Nyanduri: Count NdiTolstoy uye Fyodor Ivanovich akakurumbira chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo mufananidzo uye munyori Alexei Nikolaevich Verestovskogo.

mumakwenzi vatenzi

Famous vanhu akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky kwete nguva dzose, apedza upenyu hwake, akasvika kunzvimbo ino mukubwinya nokukudzwa. Kunyanya kana asvika vanhu okusika, akatsaurira ake simba rose unyanzvi uye ndakafunga zvishoma pamusoro munyaya dzenyika.

Hondo akakurumbira vemifananidzo, Painters uye akajeka vemifananidzo, vari akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky chaizvo. The mwero guva akavigwa Vasiliy Andreevich Tropinin - painter mukuru Romantic nguva uye muvambi chaizvo asian muchiRussia kupenda. Iye akasiya Portraits anopfuura zviuru zvitatu vaairarama, uye yakanga tarenda ake uye unyanzvi wokuRussia Ndiwe bhurasho anosungirwa kutanga realism uye pakuonekwa chiso zvinhu-asian.

VA Tropinin aiva wokutanga inonyatsozivikanwa yokudhirowa, akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky. Kumutevera, ari necropolis of Moscow akava utiziro okupedzisira vanatenzi idzi bhurasho sezvo Vasiliy Ivanovich Surikov, Vasily Vladimirovich Pukirev, Nikolai Alexandrovich Klodt, Aristarkh Vasilyevich Lentulov nevamwe vazhinji. Vadzungairi vakavigwa pano, uye chains-garde, mifananidzo, decorators, yokudhirowa hwakajeka uye painter aishanda muna 19-20 emakore.

Vanhu akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky uye akasiya zvisingafi chiratidzo munhau nhasi kunyanya kukanganwa venguva. makuva Vakawanda chakasakara, vamwe havatombofaniri kuyeukwa plaques. Kunyange zvakadaro, havana kudzokera mazita zvishoma nezvishoma.

The guva nemunyori "Rooks ..."

On Vagankovsky kumakuva ndiko guva wendarama dzeboka, kana sezvo vachiti, "archetypal" mabasa Russian kupenda. Famous basa "The Rooks Wati Yasvika" ziva achiri kuchikoro. Zvisinei shoma kuziva unosuruvarisa kutapwa musiki kwayo.

Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov - mumwe havaoni of Association vatariri kuratidzira, kwakajeka rokupenda uye mudzidzisi. Haiwa, makore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake aakapedza muurombo. nematambudziko izvo yokudhirowa vasingagoni kurarama, udhakwa uye kudikanwa zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti akanga zvose oga, kukanganikwa uye vachirwara. Akafa ari Moscow muchipatara varombo.

Pakutanga, guva rake korona yakachipa pashiri pamuchinjikwa wemuti uye mwero IAA panoti: "Academician Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov. Akaberekwa May 12, 1830, akafa September 26, 1897 ". Mapuranga pamuchinjikwa yaora uye rakabhuroka pakupedzisira vakanyangarika, uye nzvimbo yemakuva pakati painter guru yakasiyiwa uye akanganwa kwemakore akawanda.

Zvisinei, akava ouprofita Isaac Levitan Savrasov: "Usanyanya kuva mumwe zvakadzamisisa vemifananidzo Russian ... With Lyrics Savrasov akazviratidza kupenda nharaunda uye rusingaperi nokuda kwavo ... uye kuti ake undoubted munorumbidzirweiko mumunda Russian artistry haana It richakanganikwa. "

Nhasi guva rake ari kumakuva Vagankovsky inoshongedza munhu girenayiti obelisk pamwe laconic rakanyorwa: ". The hunoshamisa Russian Artist Aleksey Kondratevich Savrasov, 1830-1897"

Last nzira Melpomene varanda

List vakakurumbira akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky chaizvo. Ndezvokuti, asi necropolis, yakabuda somugumisiro nematambudziko chikuru munhoroondo mamiriro, rava nzvimbo waunofarira kuvigwa vatambi kuti mitambo uye mabhaisikopo, firimu, vaimbi uye Vanyori.

Maererano nengano, tsika kunoviga vanhu pano vachiita basa chabva rimwe Moscow kwakaita meya, chirevo chakanga akaronzesa vakakanda vanhu vavige Vagankovsky. Zvichida nokuti ndiyo yakanga yakakura kumakuva uye aikurumidza uye nyore kuwana, izvo zvinoderedza mari nokuda mariro, kwakaitika kazhinji zvevoruzhinji mari. Zvisinei, pane chimwe chakavanzika zvinongoitika: yaiva yemberi nzvimbo necropolis muzana remakore rechi17 akagadzirisa jesters uye buffoons.

Nhasi nhamba kufarira vatambi, vaimbi uye vaimbi, nekuzorora pano, zvakaoma kuti vanyatsoona. Vatambi akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky vaiva zvifananidzo nguva yake, uye kubwinya zhinji haina kukanganwika kusvikira ikozvino.

Pavanopinda inomira munhu chando-chena iceberg, shongwe sezvinoita constructivism paguva Aleksandra Abdulova. The yepakutanga Monument, chiyeudzo filmstrip runotaura nowenyika zvakanaka vaida Michael Pugovkin. Pakarepo pedyo rinda "zvakanaka munyika, Watson" Vitaly Solomin. Vatambi Andrei Mironov, Oleg Dal, Leonid Filatov, vatungamiriri Stanislav Rostockiy uye Grigoriy Chuhray, munyori dambe, munyori wemitambo uye satirist Grigory Gorin. Usaverenge wose akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky of vakakurumbira vakanga kwakavandudza Russian uye nyika tsika. Pasi mazita (hauzosvimhi kwakakwana Chokwadi, kwete ambotaurwa rugwaro vakakurumbira)

• Aksonov Vasily - munyori.
• Alov Aleksandr - wokuimba.
• Bogatyrov Yury - mutambi.
• Braginskiy Emil - munyori wemitambo.
• Burkov Georgy - mutambi.
• Balter Alla - mutambi.
• Vitsin George - mutambi.
• Voroshilov Vladimir - kutungamirira.
• Spiridonov Vadim - mutambi.
• Garin Erast - mutambi.
• Glebov Peter - mutambi.
• Gluzsky Michael - mutambi.
• Dvorzhetsky Eugene - mutambi.
• Kaverin Veniamin - munyori.
• mutambi - Kononov Mihail.
• Levtova Marina - mutambi.
• Liepa Maris - mutambi.
• Vlad kunosiya - a wenhau.
• Munyori - Migulya Vladimir.
• Rozov Viktor - dramatists.
• Rostockiy Andrei - Actor.
• Sazonova Nina - mutambi.
• mutambi - Samoylov Vladimir.
• Samoylov Evgeny - mutambi.
• Streltsov Eduard - mutambi.
• nyanduri - Tanich Mihail.
• Tulikov Seraphim - munyori.
• Fodorova Zoya - mutambi.
• Haritonov Leonid - mutambi.
• Chekan Stanislav - mutambi.
• Chukhray Gregory - filmmaker.
• Yumatov George - mutambi.
• Yashin Revh - mutambi.

Two makuva shasha

Panewo shongwe pakati Vsevolod Meyerhold. Zvinosiririsa sezvo upenyu mukuru, njodzi guva rake. Kwenguva refu, mamiriro ezvinhu uye nzvimbo Meyerhold kufa vakanga akavanzwa. Chete muna 1987 zvikazikamwa kuvigwa panzvimbo yake chaiyo kumakuva panguva Donskoy wemamonk. Dombo rekare rakanyorwa nezvokukunda dzakagadzirwa ibwe rikasviba Meyerhold wakaiswa pamusoro pamarinda mudzimai wake zvinosuruvarisa akashayika Zinaidy Rayh makore 20 asati kuwanikwa yemakuva muvandudzi theatre vanotungamira.

"Galia True"

On Vagankovsky kumakuva akavigwa mudetembi Sergei Yesenin. Kwohupenyu uye nezvorufu jaya shasha wenhetembo Akakwezva uchigara nzvimbo mafeni ake uye admirers. Haiwa, asi guva Sergeya Nemaeva ndiye vemakoko. Kana bust, rakacherwa chidhina chena machena kana girenayiti plinth, yakapoteredzwa maruva, haagoni vadzime inosuruvarisa chokwadi nezvenhoroondo kuvigwa ichi. Mumwe kumakuva ngano vanotiudza kuti usiku pedyo neguva rinowanika mweya mumwe musikana.

"Kuzviuraya pano, kunyange ndinoziva kuti mushure zvakawanda imbwa akusungirire pamusoro Nemaeva. Asi iye handina basa. Muguva zvose zvikuru inodikanwa kwandiri ... ".

Zvichida hwaro ngano akarara anosuruvarisa zvichaitika shamwari yake uye mubatsiri Galina Benislavskoy. A gore mushure nyanduri afa, iye akapfura akazvivanza pasi guva rake, kusiya katsamba yakakurumbira kuzviuraya. It hunogara ipapo chaipo, mangwana chifananidzo chake. The mashoko wokutanga mwero guva, "Galya Wechokwadi" chaizvo kunyatsotaura zvinoratidza musimboti manzwiro ake pamusoro Yesenin uye akaoma, ukama mutambo yakazara. Zvisinei, iye zvino chando-cook iri yakashongedzwa netambo refu tsamba kuna nyanduri wake: "Galya, mudiwa wangu! Ndinodzokorora kwamuri kuti imi muri chaizvo, mudikani chaizvo kwandiri. Uye unoziva kuti pasina kugoverana wako hwangu hwaizova urombo zvikuru. "

A dzinotevedzana yokuzviuraya kwakatevera pamusoro pamarinda "Moscow Zvidhakwa 'Wakafukidza nzvimbo florom zvakunoreva fatalism nenhamo. In zvachose pane kuzviuraya vanhu 12 - Vakadzi vose.

miriyoni Idols

Chii vakakurumbira vakavigwa panguva kumakuva Vagankovsky uye chii nyaya uye ngano putira rufu kwavo uye nzvimbo kuvigwa, zvakaoma kuverenga. Paguva Vladimira Semonovicha Vysotskogo ndozvakaitikawo. A zvishoma Artsy Monument zvinoratidzira unodikamwa muimbi uye mutambi anotaurisa, mwoyo sezvo akanga muupenyu. Kune rumwe rutivi - mufananidzo, pane dzimwe - shongwe ine madimikira, iyo yakava leitmotif womufananidzo mutsetse rwiyo ouprofita "nembira fastidious". Pathetic, chinoshamisa Monument. Zvapupu mariro Vysotsky akataura kuti chirikadzi yake, Marina Vlady misodzi paakaona dombo repaguva, akamudana yakaipa muenzaniso mugovanisi realism.

Vysotsky aisafanira kuwana wokupedzisira nzvimbo iri huru avhenyu. Zviremera, akapiwa nzvimbo iri kure pakona. Zvisinei, mugumo akapindira mune munhu Vagankovsky kumakuva, mumwe admire guru Vladimir Semenovich. Ndiye akasarudzwa kuti mariro panzvimbo isina chinhu pasuo, apo muimbi ugere nhasi.

Kuzvininipisa uye Kupfupika zvakasiyana dombo repaguva imwe mmusik kukuru. Bulat Okudzhava zvakare akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky. Tombstone muchimiro hombe zidombo pamwe pebhanhire zvaitwa chinyorwa - zita muimbi uye munyori. dombo repaguva Izvi zvinogona Zvakakodzera kunzi muenzaniso Zvikuru unyanzvi minimalism.

Mumwe makuva mashoma achiri pakazara maruva, vaiva ne Igoryu Talkovu. Chimwe chidhori emamiriyoni, vakafira mutsaona pane muduku. Uye rufu rwake ari yakafukidzwa chakavanzika, makuhwa uye ngano, uyewo vazhinji vamutangira, uyo vakavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky. Photos of muimbi iri furemu nenhumbi yamatanda wakavezwa pediment, akafanana Russian kari, dzinenge nguva dzose nenzwi nezvishongo carnations uye Roses. Hazvibetseri tombstone iri yakashongedzwa mune chiNazi yechihedheni necheSalvic maitiro. On yakatanhamara dema inomira muchinjikwa hombe rakagadzirwa nendarira, pose uko yakashongedzwa Cyrillic ligature, uye mujinga ari nechigadziko gilt akatunhidzwa akakurumbira mutsetse "Uye vakakundwa muhondo, ndichasimuka uye nziyo ...".

Paguva Igorya Talkova sezvo paguva Sergeya Nemaeva, pakanga pasina kuedza kuzviuraya. Sezvineiwo, ichi zvakafamba kutadzisa kuzviuraya uye achaponesa kudzikama vachivakuza.

Ndivanaani vatsvene akavigwa kumakuva Vagankovsky?

Pane izvi rakakura necropolis chinokosha guva. Next kwavari nguva dzose yakatsvikinyidzana, uyai pano kure nokunyengetera uye kukumbira rubatsiro. Rimwe mumakuva izvi ndezvaJehovha baba vake Valentin. Kunyange zvazvo zviri pamutemo haana somusande, vanhu vanofunga mukunyengeterera yake uye kutenda guva kunoshamisa.

Baba Valentin achiri mupenyu aizivikanwa nokuda mafungiro ake akanaka, ane rupo yakazaruka mwoyo. Akatendeukira kwaari rubatsiro varombo uye nherera, chirikadzi uye misha. Priest akatora kufarira dambudziko vose vaitsvaka ake kudzivirirwa uye kutsigirwa nomwoyo wose.

Zvinokosha kucherechedza kuti chaiyo panzvimbo yababa kuvigwa Valentin USINGAZIKAMWI. Mupristi afa muna 1908, uye muna inonetsa 20s guva rake kuti kuuraya kumisa muutorwa. Muna 1941, akachera akakwidza vanonzi yokuviga kuwana nomumwe. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti, kuita kuda kwababa vake Valentine, akavigwa mamita maviri kudzika pane chakaitwa kundoviga vakafa.

Nhasi, ari hunganzi yokuzorora Baba Vatsvene vanongova vaviri muchinjikwa, chete mita kure nomumwe. White, ibwe, akaisa muzukuru mufundisi, wechipiri, huni, yakaitwa vechinamato. Apo zvinhu vakaenda kudavira kuti pano, pamusoro pakachengeteka ichimirira ari pamutemo makuva, nhema dzasara baba Valentine. Vose michinjikwa maruva, makenduru nguva imwe tungamidzana pokupemha rubatsiro nokuonga kuti kureverera.