Ndokusaka akatumidza "Vakafa Mweya" nhetembo Gogol raMwari? The mubvunzo yakazaruka

Zvinobikwa "Vakafa Mweya" kuti Gogol akanyora kuti nhasi inoramba chimwe chezvinhu penya zvisikwa, kwete chete munyori, asiwo mabhuku Russian. basa iri zvinogona zvakanaka kunzi pamusoro netarenda Nikolai, uyo aikwanisa zvakarurama nezvevaKristu wepanguva Russian kwaari, kuti aratidze upenyu zvose strata chavagari, kukundikana muboka revatungamiriri uye nhamo yose serfdom. Mabasa shasha hapana mubvunzo, asi kuti chave kuitika kwemakumi emakore sezvo admirers uye nevatsoropodzi haagoni kunzwisisa nei Gogol akadana "Vakafa Mweya" nhetembo?

Sezvo aibvuma nokuda munyori, pfungwa kunyora chisikwa ichi akamupa Pushkin, uyo aigaroyemura manyorero kunyora mabasa Gogol uye mano ake tichibatsirwa tsananguro imwe unhu shoma mutsai magamba avo. At Alexander Sergeyevich aiva pfungwa yakafanana chaizvo kunyora nhetembo, asi akasarudza kupa shamwari yake. Vakawanda vanodavira kuti izvi anouya uye kupindura mubvunzo pamusoro nei Gogol akadana "Vakafa Mweya" nhetembo, nokuti basa rakanga pakutanga agamuchirwa fomu ichi.

Nikolai akatora Pushkin chete imwe pfungwa, nekuti kana kunyora basa akatanga yokunyatsoongorora kunyatsoongororazve tsanangura kwete chete vacho, asi avo hwakafanorongwa, upenyu yose panguva iyoyo. In siyana nguva nomunyori kunotaurwa zvaakasika yokufungidzira, rondedzero, nyaya, asi nokuda kwechikonzero rinonzi Gogol ave "Vakafa Mweya" nhetembo kupa pamusoro Genre ichi, ichingori chakavanzika. Pane kufungidzira kuti haana kudaro, akaona zvose kupfuma uye upamhi lyrical zvinhu.

Nhetembo kunobva zvakajeka, chikuru hunhu Chichikov anoenda mhiri Russia kuva muridzi guru mari, kutenga mweya akafa. Manilow, mhino, Sobakevich, Kamudzira, Plyushkin - hazvina chete mazita Varidzi, uyo akashanyira, ndiko nzira youpenyu, mafungiro uye manzwiro vanhu mukirasi iyi. Nikolai aida kunyora bhuku kupfuura rimwe, uye vatatu kuti ungadai wauisa vevatambi inotevera vanochiva kwavaigona kusimbisa morale.

"Mweya Dead" Gogol chinofanira kutora nzvimbo rukudzo pedyo nyika inoshanda, zvakafanana "The Odyssey" by Homer uye "The Divine Comedy" by Dante. In wokutanga bepa anotsanangura upenyu vaGiriki vekare, wechipiri Ages feudalism, uye Gogol akatsanangura upenyu muRussia muna yokutanga yezana remakore rechi19. Aidawo vatambi vake vave kugehena, purigatori uye denga, kuratidza tsika kudzikisirana munzanga, hanya nematambudziko evanhu, asi kuti pakati zvose izvi kuvhiringidzika uye kuora uye skylight - nzira kuberekwazve zvokunamata.

Pashure kunyatsoziva basa iri, zviri pachena kuti zvakanyorwa zana unconventional muchimiro uye asina analogues munyika. Zvichida izvi nhema mhinduro yomubvunzo nei Gogol akadana "Vakafa Mweya" nhetembo. Mabasa sechivako rinokosha nokuda digression, izvo kwese kuti Genre ichi. Iri derogation pfungwa dzinogona kurondwa munyori inovaka manzwiro ake pamusoro ezvinhu nyika yake yaakaberekerwa naye. Inzwi rake Gogol rokutanga apera, tichisiya kubvuma kuti hurumende iri kumirira nerumutsiriro uye nemweya chinoziva vose vanhu. The munyori aida kusika nyika akakwana, saka akadana zvaakasika lyric-paakaita nhetembo.