Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: mapikicha, description, mapurani, kero, kunamata purogiramu

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral muSt Petersburg chakakodzera vaiona chimwe chezvinhu unoshamisa Zvivako zviri Elizabethan Baroque. Ndokumisapo kuremekedza St. Nikolaya Mirlikiyskogo - aiva musande aive vafambi uye chikepe - kwemakore akawanda inzvimbo rezvokudya vengarava Russian pakunamata.

Petersburg gungwa ugari

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti upenyu St. Petersburg zvakabatana chaizvo kugungwa, uye vakatanga kumativi yakavakwa 1704 ari Admiralty Shipyard. Near yakaiswa mumakore Sea kugarwa - yokugara rwaiumbwa ainyanya imwe-storey ibwe mumabharaki yavakararama naavo vane maoko akasika Russian romugungwa. ndangariro dzavo rachengetedzwa mazita - uye eponymous mumugwagwa Kanonerskaya chete mukoto. Canonero panguva Petro akadana Gunners.

Uyezve, pano, uye Akamisa Church, raireva munyaya ino, yava akapawo zita rayo munzvimbo umo riri, musika, mukoto, maviri mabhiriji nemigwagwa, akapfeka mazuva ano zita Glinka raMwari.

Kunenge kubva zvakachengetedzwa magwaro, nzvimbo selection, vakazochinja akasimuka Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, akanga akatsunga kwete chete nokuvapo vakasununguka nzvimbo, asiwo napedyo pamusoro waterways, zvakadai nezvikokovonho uye Catherine canal rwizi Fontanka.

The mugadzi wekereke chipo

Nechinangwa kutarisirwa vaya pakutanga vakashumira machechi akawanda dzakavakwa Naval dhipatimendi, pedyo Admiralty shipyard pakunamata. Panzvimbo ikozvino pamire Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, paiva chapero, uyewo vagadzwe kukudzwa musande aive kuvafambisi vengarava nevafambi. Kubva netsamba vakararama panguva, zvinozivikanwa kuti zvakasiyana zvinoshamisa hunova ayo kushongedzwa, asi kugona kutakura vose.

Anozvideredza kuti vakawanda zvikumbiro veungano, Dzvene Revafundisi akasarudza kuzomisa panzvimbo yayo kuchechi yemapuranga, uyewo kuna vaichengetedza pakati zvikepe kudenga, asi kuti yakakura, izvo zvakaitwa muna 1743. Mariri zvakave vokutanga chapero kwemifananidzo, chechi nemidziyo uye zvose raimiririra chero ukoshi. The chechi wekereke idzva rakanga rakakura kwazvo. Maererano nemagwaro kupona, nhengo dzayo dzaiva ehurumende-anazvo 3396 vashandi uye vabati, pasingaverengwi vakadzi navana.

Pakutanga kuvakwa kereke ibwe

Zvisinei, kuvaka chechi yematanda yaiva chete palliative. Iye fanned pachavo nokubwinya Russian rengarava inodiwa anorichengeta wake temberi zvikuru akakodzera, uye muna 1752 Prince Mikhail Golitsyn, uyo aiva mutungamiriri Adiralteystv College, pasi Kesari chikumbiro kuti pavakwe zvitsva ibwe Church.

All mari vari aronga kufukidza achishandisa Naval weDhipatimendi, uye kubva zvokuzvidira vemunyika. In kero yake Empress Elizabeth, Prince kunyanya akasimbisa kuti pakuvaka Church richava kukodzera mubayiro ndangariro "chekubwinya kukunda wokuRussia rengarava". Empress Elizaveta Petrovna haana kuzeza kupa mvumo yavo, pashure basa rakatanga.

The mapurani akasika chirongwa of Church

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, mufananidzo izvo akapa munyaya, rakavakwa St. Petersburg mapurani Savvoy Ivanovichem Chevakinskim. Somunhu mapurani ramangwana kuvakwa mharidzo, zvakanzi yakarumbidza kushandisa Church, kare yakavakwa muna Astrakhan, uye chimiro chayo iri yakati kufarira Petro I panguva yake kushanya Lower Volga guta. Zvinozivikanwa kuti Kesari vaida kuvaka chete muSt Petersburg, asi kufirwa, yakavatevera muna 1725, kudziviswa Kuzadziswa ake zvirongwa.

Chevakinsky aifanira kubvumirana, asi kuguma kufanana vekereke maviri aihuitira domes dzavo shanu, izvo nokuti St. Petersburg mumakore iwayo akanga husiri nyore kuwana. Chokwadi kuti kwenguva refu nguva zvivakwa zvose chechi mairi dzakavakwa pamusoro muenzaniso yakakurumbira Church, riri pamusoro munharaunda wakakombwa, kureva, chimwe-domed uye surmounted pedyo bhero shongwe ine spire. Saka, nokusika Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, murongedzeri akaita chinokosha danho kune kudzokera yeRussian tsika yeOrthodox.

Cathedral, zvisina kutya mafashamo

Its wokutanga purojekiti mapurani kudare kuti kufarirwa chemhando muchirimo 1752, asi nokukurumidza akamuka nayo nokuda dzokororo, sezvo vari kugadzirira vanodhirowa haana kufungwa mukana mafashamo, saka kakawanda kuchamhembe guru. Mushure kurapwa, tora rimwe gore, basa rakanga pakupedzisira kubvumirwa muchimiro umo Church richiripo nanhasi.

In yayo itsva shanduro yaro chivakwa nayo akamutswa kuitira kuti pasi raiva pamusoro pamwero kuti nguva yenjodzi anosvika Neva mvura. Saka, zvakanga agamuchirwa uye zvinonyatsorehwa kukura ari Church. Kunze pazviri munguva kubva 1755 kusvika 1758 shongwe bhero yakavakwa, maererano netsika, St. Petersburg, zvikamu ne mukuru spire.

Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral: Description

Uyu ndiwo mumwe machechi pakukura St. Petersburg panguva imwe igarwe vanhu zviuru zvishanu. Its kuvaka ane cruciform chimiro ari kuronga uye zvikuru akashongedzwa mbiru vokuKorinde, stucco architraves uye balconies pamwe amatare hwakarongwa grids.

Maererano gwaro S. I. Chevakinskogo, pakuvaka Cathedral yakavakwa pamapuriro maviri. musha hwakavigwa mumakamuri vari muchimiro ane muchinjikwa equilateral. Kereke yokumusoro yakanga vagadzwe kukudzwa Epiphany. Yakatarwa mhemberero yakaitwa musi July 26, 1762 nokuda Archbishop Sylvester (Kulyabko) pamberi Empress Catherine II, uyo akashanyira Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. chechi nechepazasi, sezvo pakutanga mimba, akanga vagadzwe kuremekedza St. Nikolaya Chudotvortsa.

Icons Cathedral uye decoration mundiro dzakavezwa

Zvikurukuru chaikoshawo ndidzo kereke mbiri iconostasis, yakaitwa XVIII remakore, hunonyanya vanatenzi-carvers S. P. Nikulinym uye I. F. Kanaevym. Uyewo kuti mubereko uye mifananidzo, pakusikwa rakanga mumaoko chakanakisisa St. Petersburg kuvake painter makore iwayo Fedotu Lukichu Kolokolnikovu vake vaviri nevatevedzani - Ivan uye Mina.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, Sezvineiwo, kuti yokunyora nokudhirowa zvose iconography yakatanga murongedzeri the Church - SI Chevakinsky. Paainyora mazita zvakakodzera kwavari mifananidzo. Kunze mabasa vemifananidzo izvi, ari Church, yakasiyana mufananidzo Nikolaya Chudotvortsa aine PARTICIPLE zvinoera ake, yakaitwa XVII remakore. Ndicho chikuru neKijuni ari Church.

Chirangaridzo obelisk uye okuyamura nemasangano Church

Ani naani anouya St. Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, nokusaziva inotipa pfungwa yakaoma obelisk vysyascheysya mubindu rake. Rakavakwa muna 1908 pakuyeuka vaunoshanda ari yehondo "Alexander III», gamba uyo akafa Hondo Tsushima, waiva mumwe zvinosuwisa mapeji muhondo yeRussia-Japanese.

Sketch of obelisk akasikwa rimwe vechikamu zviitiko - a konoro, Prince M. S. Putyatinym. In pre-echimurenga nguva apo chipatara chakanga rakavhurika kanzuru varombo, uyewo vakadzi pokugara, aidzidzisa uye rudo ane chikoro akasununguka.

Church muSoviet uye post-Soviet makore

Mumakore akatevera October Revolution, Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral, vane kero iri: St. Nicholas Square 1/3, kusafanana nedzimwe kereke zhinji dzomumaguta, haana pedyo, uye munguva kubvira 1941 kusvika 1999, kunyange aiva mamiriro Church. Makamuri, yakarongwa kwaya, mumakore iwayo akararama Leningrad Metropolitan - Alexis (Simansky), vakabva rwaigara ateteguru choushe, uye Gregory (Chukov).

Muna April 2009, mushure Metropolitan Vladimir (Kotlyarov) akanga kuzodzosera akagadza rokumusoro chechi, kwake vakadzoka vakabata dzinoyera zhinji pamberi, ramakagadzwa kanoda inogarwa kwemifananidzo kare zvinoitwa Painters Kolokol'nikova (vavo yambotaurwa), uyewo Areka nezvimedu yavatsvene vazhinji Orthodox.

Sezvo Nicholas Epiphany Naval Cathedral (St. Petersburg) pakutanga kuvakwa kuva mutero magamba yeRussian Navy, ipapo uye nhasi, tsika iyi akawana kuenderera kwayo. Uchapupu ichi kunogona kuiswa iri repamusoro kukereke plaques mazita akawanda vezvikepe vakaurayiwa murwendo. Pakati pavo, ivo vashandi vari yepasi pemvura "Komsomolets" akanyura April 1989 paGungwa Norwegian, uyewo yepasi pemvura yenyukireya "Kursk", uyo akafa muna 2000. In Kuchengetwa zuva vari vakashumira vari Church yemariro kwaari uye vose vanofambisa zvikepe Russian Navy, uyo akapa upenyu hwavo nokuda nyika yavo.

Service rakaitirwa Cathedral

Nhasi, kana Russia pashure emakore zvachose kusatendera zvakare ndokuendeswa ake midzi pakunamata, pakati pezvimwe dzinoyera St. Petersburg awana nzvimbo yaro yakakodzera, uye Nicholas-Epiphany Naval Cathedral. Purogiramu Divine Services rakaitirwa mairi, unoratidza kuzara uye kupfuma kwoupenyu hwake hwechitendero.

Two daily yokunamata vakaperekedza: mangwanani, panguva 7:00, uye gare gare, pa 10:00. Mumwe rakaitika kureurura, kutanga maminitsi 15 isati yamunenge nguva. Uyewo, panguva 8:45 uye at 12:00 vakabata minyengetero, uye panguva 18:00 - basa manheru. Vamwe nguva, sezvo zvaida, uzere ose kunodiwa.