Nzira dzezvemabasa ekuda mari yepenjeni: mune mushonga, mune zvekudzidzisa

Munyika yedu vanhu vanoenda kuzorora zvakakodzera, kusvika kune imwe nguva. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa mumutemo. Kusvika iye zvino, panheyo yepamutemo, kurasikirwa kunochengeterwa varume vane makore makumi matanhatu uye vakadzi vane makore 55. Asi panguva imwechete muDare reMutemo pamusoro pemakore ekurasikirwa kwevagari vemo pane pfungwa yekuda mari yepensheni. Chinyiko ichi uye zvikamu zvipi zvevagari vemo vari pasi payo vanogona kushandisa kodzero yekurega basa rekutanga?

Ndiani ane kodzero?

Zvitsva zvevanhu vane kodzero yekuwana mari yakawanda yepenjeni inogoverwa muzvikamu zviviri, izvo pamwe zvinongorongedza mabasa ehurumende yakasarudzwa, iyo:

1. Vamiririri vemamwe mabasa, avo basa ravo rinosanganisira ngozi kune utano.
2. Vanhu vanobatana zvakananga kune mamwe masangano evanhu.

Vagari vanobvunza mukana wokubhadhara mubhadharo kunosanganisira avo vakasunungurwa kubva kubasa nekuda kwekuderedza uye vari muzera risati rapera.

Mukuwedzera, zvikamu zvinotevera zvinogona kukodzera kubhadhara zvakasarudzwa:

• Vakadzi vakarera vana vashanu kana kupfuura;
• Mumwe nomumwe wevabereki vane mwana anovimba naye akaremara;
• Vanhu vakagamuchira kurwadziwa kwehondo;
• Kutadza kuonekwa;
• Vanhu vane congenital deformation yokukura;
• Vanhu vanogara uye vachishanda muFar North.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti pane imwewo systematization yezvimwe zviitiko, izvo zvinopiwa chikwereti chakanaka. Nokukuvadza kwebasa rezvinhu zvose zvakakosha zvakakamurwa kuva mazita maviri.

Ronga Nha

Rwokutanga rune zvinhu zvinonyanya kuipa mamiriro ekushanda uye maitiro akaoma ekugadzira. Ndezvipi zvinhu zvakakosha? Nyaya yacho inosanganisira mabasa anotevera ehutano hwepenji shoma:

• Shanda pasi pasi pasi;
• Basa, rakagadzirwa muchitoro chinopisa;
• Mabasa ane chokuita nekuchenesa mafuta;
• Basa rinoenderana nekugadzirwa nekugadzirwa kwemakwikwi nezvimwe zvombo.

Vashandi vanobatanidzwa mubhuku rezvemabasa kune imwe nzvimbo yepenjeni yakanakisisa 1 inogona kushandisa mukana wokurasikirwa kwepakutanga uye mari yakasarudzwa, kunze kwekuti nguva yakareba yebasa inenge makore makumi maviri, ayo makore gumi epamusoro ari kushanda. Urongwa hwekutanga hwemabasa ekuda mari yepamusoro hunofungidzirwa. Maererano nehuwandu hwevanhu 2 avo vane dzimwe nzvimbo vanogona kushanda kwekuda mari yepensheni.

Izvi zvinosanganisira dzidzo, mishonga, makambani, kuvaka uye vamwe. Vashandi vezvikamu izvi zvakakosha kuhurumende, saka inofarira kuita kuti mamiriro ekushanda ave anonakidza. Izvi zvinoshandawo kune kuwedzera kwemari yepensheni.

Rwendo rwemabasa ehurumende yepamusoro petsamba 2

Urongwa urwu runosanganisira:

• Vashandi vemakomo;
• Vashandi vemagetsi ekugadzira;
• Vatakuri vekutakura;
• Vashandi vezvikoro zvekudzidzisa;
• Vashandi veUrapa;
• Vashandi vemasango;
• Vashandi vekuvaka.

Izvi zvinonyanya kutaurwa zvinoumba izvo zvinodanwa mazita emabasa ekuda mari yepamutemo 2.

Iwe unogona kugamuchira ropafadzo yakadai kunze kwokunge uendesa mapepa ezvinyorwa zvinotsigira urefu hwebasa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Zvakakosha kuziva kuti dzimwe nguva rimwe bhuku rebhuku harina kukwana kuti rikwanise kuwana mari yakakodzera. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, deta yakawedzerwa inogona kudiwa nenzira yetipi yebhadharo kana maawa mapepa.

Ropafadzo yemari yevashandi vezvechiremba

Vashandi vezvokurapa vane kodzero yekubatsirwa. Asi pane zvimwe zvido zveizvi. Ndezvipi zvinobatsira uye chii chinodiwa chinofanira kuitwa?

Tichifunga nezvekunyorwa kwebasa rekuporesa penheji mumishonga, zvinokosha kunzwisisa kuti ruzivo rwemari yevanhu vanobatanidza hupenyu hwavo hwemishonga nemishonga haisi yebhadharo yekuwedzera asi yezera rezera remakore. Kusiyana chete ndiko kuderedzwa kwehuwandu hwehurefu hwebasa rekuwana nzvimbo yepenser. Uyezve, kune zvimwe zvikwereti chikwereti chakadaro hachina kuwaniswa zvakanyanya:

• Munhu anoshanda sechiremba mumusha, gore rinoshanda rinoverengwa semwedzi gumi nemashanu;
• Nyanzvi dzinoshanda sevana pathologist, vanachiremba, nyanzvi dzemutemo, vanaesthesiologists uye vacuscitators muguta vanogona kutarisira kupiwa chikwereti kwegore rimwe nehafu.

Asi munyaya iyi kune nguva dzisingatauriki nechisarudzo ichi. Izvi zvinoshanda pakubva, zororo rekuberekwa kana nguva inopedza kudzidza mukugara.

Kune vashandi vezvechiremba vanobatanidzwa mune dzimwe nzvimbo, zvikamu zvinotevera zvinosanganiswa muurongwa hwemabasa ekuda mari yepamutemo:

• Vanamukoti, vanachiremba uye vese vevashandi;
• Vabatsiri vebazi;
• Vanachiremba;
• Hygienists;
• Forensic nyanzvi;
• Vashandi veherera;
• Vashandi vezvinyorwa zvenhoroondo;
• Vashandi vekuvandudza nzvimbo uye sanatoria.

Vose vashandi vakanyorwa pamusoro apa vanobatanidzwa mubasa remabasa ekuda mari yepamutemo mumishonga uye vane kodzero yekushandisa mukana wekufambisa kwemazuva ekufambisa zvakanaka, kunze kwekuti basa rose rezvemabasa rinopfuura makore makumi maviri, hafu yaro inopiwa mishonga.

Purogiramu yepabhadharo yevashandi vekudzidzisa sphere

Vanhu avo vakazvipira hupenyu hwavo hwekushanda kune sangano rezvidzidzo vanogona kubatsirwa kubva kune kodzero yekusarudzwa kwepensheni. Uye kugamuchira purogiramu yakasarudzwa, unofanira kutora makore 25 ekushandira. Mukuwedzera, mune ruzivo rwekushanda, vadzidzisi vanonziwo vane zvipatara zvechipatara uye marudzi ose ezororo, kusanganisira zororo rekuberekwa.

Nzvimbo dzinotevera dzinosanganiswa mune urongwa hwemabasa ekuda mari yepamusoro mune zvekudzidzisa:

• Vadzidzisi vekusekondari vekukoro
• Vadzidzisi veimwe dzidzo;
• Vadzidzisi vemagariro;
• Vadzidzisi-vadzidzisi uye mapurologists.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti zvikamu zvitatu zvekupedzisira zvinogona kurambwa zvakasarudzwa zvepenjeni muhomwe yepensheni, pasinei nokuti ivo vari pane urongwa hwemabasa ekuda mari yepamusoro muhutano. Kuramba kwakadaro kunogona kukurudzirwa nekuti vashandi vakashanda mune imwe nzvimbo iyo isiri yezvivakwa zvakasarudzwa.

Paunenge uchiverenga imwe yepensheni yakasarudzwa, mushandi wechikoro chekudzidzisa acharatidzwawo nenguva iyo paaidzidza. Mamiriro chete ekuwana chiitiko ichocho chakawedzerwa ibasa rebasa panguva yekudzidzira uye mushure mezvo zvakanyatsoenderana nekukodzera kwavo.

Kusarudzwa kwepenheni yevashandi vemasango

Iko kodzero inogona kushandiswa nevashandi vanobatanidzwa mubasa remabasa ekufambisa mari yakasarudzwa mumashandi emasango uye vanobatanidzwa mune zvinotevera:

• Zvechokwadi vose vashandi vanobatanidzwa mukugadzira miti uye rafting;
• Vashandi vanobatanidzwa muhutano hwekugadzira.

Pamusoro pebhuku rebhuku rebasa, kana uchitumira zvinyorwa kune FIU, unofanira kupa urongwa hwemashoko anotevera:

• Outfits;
• Payroll;
• List of fixations;
• Tableing Staffing.

Zvakakosha kuziva kuti mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu apo kushanda kune PF kunogona kukumbira mamwe mashoko kubva panzvimbo yebasa.

Kusarudzwa kwepensheni yevatakuri vekutakura

Nzira yekufambisa yenyika yedu inzvimbo huru uye yakaoma yehupfumi. Iri sangano rinosanganisira zvikamu zvinotevera:

• Mugwagwa uye kutakurwa kwezvitima;
• Gungwa uye rwizi rwekutakura;
• Underground;
• Mhepo uye kutakura kwepayipi.

Kodzero yekusarudzwa kwekusarudzwa inogona kushandiswa nevose vashandi vasingabatanidzi chete mune zvokufambisa, asiwo mukuchengetedza kwekutakura, pamwe chete nevanhu vanobatwa kutarisirwa. Vashandi ava vanobatanidzwawo muzvirongwa zvebasa rekuda mari yepenjeni. Mukuwedzera, mapenheni anonyanya kushandiswa anogona kushandiswa nevashandi vakapa mamwe mabasa munzvimbo ino.

Kuti uwane kodzero yekurega basa rekutanga, iwe unofanira kusvika kune imwe nguva. Kune varume, iyi iine makore makumi mashanu. Kune vakadzi - makore makumi mashanu. Panguva imwe chete, ruzivo rwekushanda rwakakwana runofanira kuva makore anopfuura makumi maviri.

Uye kuitira kuti ushandise kodzero yekusarudzwa kwepensheni yevashandi vekutakura, murume anofanira kushanda munharaunda iyi kwete pasi pemakore 12.5, uye mukadzi - anenge makore gumi. Ruzhinji rwemabasa ehurumende yepamusoro penhepfenyuro yekutakura haisipo.

Paunenge uchishanda kune PF mune mamwe mamiriro ezvinhu, rimwe bhuku rebhuku rinogona kunge risina kukwana. Dzimwe nguva muongorori wezvivakwa izvi anogona kukumbira ruzivo rwakawedzerwa nenzira yechikwereti chebhadharo kana mamwe magwaro anoratidza kodzero yekusarudzwa kwepenjeni.

Kubatsira mari yepensheni kune vashandi vanobatanidzwa munharaunda yekuvaka

Rwendo rwemabasa ekufambisa mari yepamusoro pakuvaka:

• Asphalt-concrete mushandi;
• Bitumen holder;
• Mason;
• Dombo;
• Roofer, kushanda pamwe nekukwirira uye kushandiswa mumabasa uchishandisa mastics uye zvinyorwa;
• Machine operator machine stackers uye asphalt concrete.

Mukuwedzera kune urongwa huri pamusoro apa, kodzero yekushandisa purogiramu yakaderedzwa inogona kunge iine masters uye zvivako zvekuvaka.

Vashandi vanobatanidzwa nemabasa epasi pasi vanogonawo kugamuchira purogiramu yakasarudzwa. Izvi zvine chokuita nekuvakwa nekugadziriswa kwemasiteresi uye zvimwe zvivako zvepasi.

Iyo nzira yekupa pensions dzakasiyana

Zuva rokukumbira mari yepenhesi inofungidzirwa sezuva iro mushandi wePF akagamuchira magwaro pamwe nebhuku rebasa. Muchiitiko chekuti kushanda kwepenjeni kunotumirwa nepositi, zuva rekutsvaga rakagadziriswa maererano nezuva rinoratidzwa pazotevera.

Kana iri yeshoko, inotarirwa mukati memakore gumi ekushanda kubva panguva iyo magwaro akaiswa.

Mhedziso

Munyika yedu nhamba yakawanda yevanhu vanogona kutora ropafadzo. Takarongedza mazita emabasa ekufambisa mari. Izvo zvinyorwa zvataurwa pamusoro apa ingori chikamu chiduku chevagari vane kodzero yekushandisa zvakakosha izvi.