Nzira yekusarudza kubuda kwe soldering

Chinonyanya kukosha pakugadzirisa chero zvigadziri zvinosungirirwa. Solder, fluxes, solder paste - izvi zvose zvinofanira kufungwa nezvazvo pavanoita basa rokugadzirisa. Kana pamwe nekutsemura zvose zvisinganyatsojeki - kazhinji kushandisa iyi tini-vatengesi vatengesi vane mavara akasiyana- siyana (zvichienderana nekuumbwa kwealloy), zvino zvakadini nehuwandu? Chii icho?

Chinangwa chikuru chekuyerera chiri kubviswa kubva pamusoro pemakiridhi, pamwe nekuderera kwehutano hwemhepo kuitira kuti kuwedzere kupararira kwekugadzirisa. Mukuwedzera, kuwedzera kwekugadzirisa kunoshanda kunodzivirira kukanganisa kubva pamigumisiro yemamiriro ekunze.

Chii chinonzi fluxes?

Maererano nemigumisiro yaro pane zvigadzirwa zvematare, inonzi fluxes ndeyezvipi zvinotevera.

• Inoshanda (inonziwo acid). Izvo zvine hydrochloric acid, fluoride uye chloride meta. Iko kushandiswa kwemhepo kunokonzera kufungisisa kunopera firimu yeakidhi yakaumbwa pamusoro pesimbi, nekudaro kuve nekugadzirisa simba rakagadzirwa nemagetsi yenguva yemberi pamwe chete. Inofanira kurangarirwa kuti iyo inoshandiswa mvura haina kukodzera kugadzirisa midziyo yemagetsi, sezvo zvisikwa zvayo zvinogadzirisa nzvimbo ye soldering munguva.
• Acid-isina . Izvi zvinosanganisira rosin, pamwe ne rosin-based flux pamwe nekuwedzera kweTitpentine, doro kana glycerin. I-asi-isina kushambadzira kwekugadziridza kwete kungochenesa nzvimbo yesimbi kubva kune-oxidhiya, asi inodzivirirawo kubva pakuwedzerwa kweiyoiyo. Mukuwedzera, kushandiswa kwe rosin hakuiti kukonzera kwepasi. Inowanzoshandiswa pakutsvaga mhangura, zvendarira nemidziyo yemhangura.
• Yakagadzirirwa . Yakagadzirirwa kubva murosi, iyo inowanikwa mune zviduku zve phosphoric kana hydrochloric acid aniline, salicylic acid uye hydrochloric acid diethylamine. Yakagadziriswa kushandiswa kwe-soldering inogona kushandiswa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvesimbi uye alloys (iron, mhangura, nickel, bronze, nichrome, sirivha, simbi). Inogonawo kushandiswa kugadzirisa zvikamu zvinosanganiswa kubva mumhangura e-alloys pasina kubvisa kwekutanga.
• Anticorrosive . Izvi zvinoshandiswa kubva phosphoric acid pamwe nekuwedzerwa kwezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinogadzirisa uye zvinokonzerwa nehupenyu. Mukuwedzera, zvimwe zvezvinokwana izvi zvinogona kusanganisira organic acids. Anticorrosive flux inoshandiswa kugadziridza mhangura nemashizha ayo, pamwe chete nesirivha, platinum uye constantan.
• Kudzivirira . Izvi zvinosanganisira mafuta omuorivhi, wax, petroleum jelly, shuga yeupfu. Kudzivirirwa kwechidziviriro hauna kemikemu inogadziriswa pamusoro pematare, uyewo kunodzivirira kunatswa kwevhu kubva kune zvakasvibiswa.

Mukuwedzera, nokuda kwekugadzira zvinhu zvakagadzirwa nesimbi yakakoshwa, carbon steels, uyewo mhangura uye zvinyorwa zvayo, inokonzera (sodium tetraborate) inoshandiswa iyo yakachena yekristalline powder ine nzvimbo yakanyauka ye741 ° C.

Uyewo, iyo borax (kunyanya, kusanganiswa kwayo ne boric acid muchiyero che1: 1) inoshandiswa kugadzirisa mashizha asina kushandiswa uye zvakaoma kugadzirisa alloys.

Sezvo kubuda kwezvinhu zvemishoni kunoshandisa musanganiswa unenge wakaenzana nendima yefurafura salt uye calcium chloride.

Kugadziriswa kwezvinhu zvinonzi aluminium zvinodhaka kunoda kuve nekusvibiswa kwepasi. Kazhinji, kusviba kwe soldering aluminium kune 30 kusvika 50% ye potassium chloride.

Flux for soldering inogona kubudiswa nenzira yehupfu, mvura kana pfundo. Mukuwedzera, pane mahwendefa akaiswa pasi, iyo inonzi solder particles inenge iripo pamwe chete nekushambadza.

Chii chinokosha kuziva kana uchiita soldering

Paunosarudza kushandiswa kwekutengesa, kwete chete zvinyorwa zvinoitwa nezvikamu zvinotengeswa, asiwo izvo zvinoshandiswa zvinoshandiswa, zvinofungidzirwa. Nzvimbo yekunyunguduka yemafuta haifaniri kudarika nheyo yehututi yejeri.

Pasinei nehuwandu hwehushandiswa hunoshandiswa, zvakakosha kupukuta nzvimbo yekugadzirisa mushure mebasa nemucheka wakaderedzwa muacetone kana muwaini-chigadziro. Zvadaro echenesa nzvimbo iyi nebhurashi kana brashe yakanyoroveswa nechinangwa chipi zvacho kuti ubvise zvigadziriswa zvinoshandiswa. Izvi zvinonyanya kuitika kune inoshandiswa kuputika, nokuti zvigadzirwa zvekuparara kwayo hazvisi zvingangosvibisa nzvimbo yechando, asiwo inotyisa.