Phosphoric acid, sezvamakaropafadzwa payakavakirwa H 3 PO 4, anonziwo phosphoric. Mukomboni pasi kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu yakasimba mamiriro aggregation. crystals duku nefuma riri Hauoneki. Acid iri nyore soluble mumvura, panyaya iyi uye nedzimwewo zvinoita zvokufembedzwa. In yakasimba uye mvura mamiriro, ivo mamorekuru zviri pafuma nevanhu kubudikidza rehydrogen zvisungo uye, nokuda kwechikonzero ichi nayo nekutsvaga H3PO4 ane wakawedzera viscosity. The Kubika kurehwa 42,3 C, nepo kubudikidza muchidziisa kusvika 213 C anova pyrophosphoric iine acid H 4 P 2 O 7.
Phosphoric asidhi chinhu electrolyte anosvikirwa simba uyewo tribasic acid, izvozvo dissociates stepwise matanho matatu aqueous mhinduro.
Wakagadzirira orthophosphoric asidhi kazhinji munyu waro huri phosphate zvicherwa - apatite uye phosphorus, achifuridzirwa sulfuric acid. Uyewo, kuburikidza hydration kuti phosphorus oxide (V) nokuda hydrolysis kana ane inorganic remubatanidzwa - phosphor pentachloride.
Phosphoric asidhi iri akaita nezvigadziko, simbi oxides, munyu, vanoshingaira simbi uye simba acids. Kana kuwadzana hydroxides neutralization maitiro kunoitika, mugumisiro unova paumbwe munyu uye mvura. Kuita simbi oxides uyewo kuumba munyu uye mvura. Kana kuita pamwe munyu Exchange maitiro anotora nzvimbo, iyo akawana kana munyu itsva acid. Zvingaitwa orthophosphoric asidhi pamwe nesirivha nitrate (munyu) iri Qualitative maitiro, kuubvumira kuziva zvayo mhinduro. Subtotal - yero precipitate - Silver phosphate (AG 3 PO 4). Sezvo basa nesimbi, izvo zviri pakati Beketova kumusoro rehydrogen anopinda kuzvitsinhanisa zvavaifunga. Kuwadzana simba acids (dhibi) akava hunyambiri hunhu (amphoteric) nokuumba munyu kunzwisisa - phosphoryl. Uyewo, mukomboni inogona thermally yaora kuti diphosphoric acid.
Phosphoric acid, kushandiswa iri zvikuru, zvikuru rinoshandiswa mumaindasitiri zhinji. Somuenzaniso, mune zvokurima, kunyanya nokuda pagadzirwe fetiraiza ine phosphorus. fetiraiza kwakadaro kunogona kuvandudza kwete chete zvibereko, asi zvakanaka zvazvinoita microbiological Kuronga ivhu, zvikaita kuti pave uye kuwanda mabhakitiriya anobatsira, uyewo kuwedzera hardiness zvirimwa. In zvokudya indasitiri yacho asidhi inoshandiswa sezvokudya chirungiso E 338, iyo iri shoma iri marmalade, manyuchi uye carbonated hwahwa. Nekuti zviri phosphoric asidhi uye cucumber asidhi mu zvinwiwa kana kunyanyisa kushandisa kunoitika kuparadzwa zino. pfuma iyi kupfavisa zino enamel uye dentin yave kushandiswa vanachiremba vemazino. Somuenzaniso, phosphoric asidhi ine chaiyo namatidza rinoshandisirwa nezino asati zvinodiwa uye kunowedzera tishu demineralization. The fuma rinoshandiswa kuti mbeu pakurapa uye kugadzwa asiri combustible huni pendi uye varnishes uye zvokuvakisa (non-zvinobata moto phosphate furo fosfodrevesnye ndiro). Vachishingaira kushandiswa brazing mhangura, ferrous nesimbi, Stainless simbi sechinhu Cleaner iyo inobvisa pachiso dzakasiyana simbi oxides. Also kushandiswa descaling, sipo uye ezvinhu zvipenyu.
Phosphoric asidhi akawanikwa rinoita uye hwakasiyana-siyana kushandiswa nokuda kwavo physicochemical zvivako uye tichishandisa mari shoma gadziriro.