Iyo inoshandisa Fresnel diffraction?

Muzvigadzirwa mberi kunoita kuti pave zano rakadai, izvo kare aigona chete kufungidzira. Zvino hapana munhu achava kushamiswa nemashoko kukurukurirana pasina tambo mano, Satellite madhishi uye dzichibhururuka muchadenga. Muzana remakore rapfuura, wakaitwa zvakawanda zvakawanwa uye zvigadzirwa, naro panguva zvinogoneka kubudisa yazvino zvinodhaka uye zvakasiyana-siyana mano, vachibvumira kuita kunzwisisa kuvhiyiwa. Somuenzaniso, mashoko Fresnel diffraction kwakaratidza zvimwe nezvokuva chiedza, kusvikira USINGAZIKAMWI.

Augustin Fresnel, J. (1788-1827)

The musayendisiti French akazvarwa mumhuri imwe vakadzidza, baba vake aiva mapurani. Somwana, Jean Augustin haana kukura mwana makore 8 okuberekwa, iye haawanzotauri kuita kunze tsamba. Uye panguva iyoyo, hapana munhu aigona kunyange kufungidzira kuti ari kukudzwa kwake uchanzi chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha mananara wefizikisi - Fresnel diffraction.

The musayendisiti akakwanisa kuenda kuchikoro nguva dzose, asi kana akanga 13. Tadzidza pana Cannes, remangwana yefizikisi achipinda nzvimbo dzeParis Polytechnic School apo kwevashandi nevadzidzisi uye pfungwa nezvaanogona navo, yakatanga maari panguva iyoyo. Yapera chikoro ichi Fresnel anopinda "School of Bridges uye Migwagwa" uye akagamuchira kupupura injiniya.

O. Fresnel akanga paakavapa muna 1827-soro tsika the Royal Society of London mibayiro - Medals Rumford. Uyewo, musayendisiti aiva Paris Academy. Nemhaka ayo budiriro zvakachinja nzira yokushanda lighthouses muchiedza optics.

Fresnel ruzivo

Fresnel diffraction ndiyo mutyairi muenzaniso unoratidza kuti chiedza chine chinozunguzirwa ehupfumi. ruzivo rwake dzakatsigira Dzidziso Huygens yefizikisi uye akawedzera zvakaitika Tsangamidzi T. yokutsvakurudza ake kushandisa idzva chipingaidzo namano.

Vachitungamirirwa diffraction chiedza kunzwisisa pfuma yake kufonyora kumativi zvipingamupinyi apo vasawira mumvuri mudunhu. Fresnel vakaperekedza kuedza pamwe chipingamupinyi, apo chiedza chinoratidzwa kubva kumucheto bhora, uye ndima yacho danda kubudikidza mutswe. Zvakabuda mubasa ravo yefizikisi anounzwa "netsamba kuti diffraction."

Uyezve, ruzivo kunoratidza kuvapo Chiitiko kuti kukanganiswa chiedza zvakasikwa, masayendisiti akashandisa chirimwa, rinonzi "Fresnel girazi." mudziyo uyu unotora maviri tichifungisisa jira, izvo akaronga hama kune mumwe ari necheparutivi zvishoma asingasviki 180 °. nezvionioni izvi zvinopa chiedza kubva chete tsime, iro zvinoratidzwa, nokusika zvichiratidza maviri pamwe chete kutotanga musiyano. Muchiitiko chino, matanda maviri dzabatanidzwa uye akapa anokwana rakatumbuka rima uye chiedza mitsetse.

Kushandiswa Fresnel zvakawanwa

Zvino unogona kuona kushandiswa kwakapararira migumisiro kuedza, musayendisiti French. Saka Fresnel girazi inoshandiswa kukura namano, kuunganidza kwezuva simba. Somuenzaniso, nomusimboti magadzirirwo ayo izvi chipingaidzo mudziyo akasiyana kugamuchira gelioenergii kunonyanyisa ukoshi. Rinoshandiswa sezvo mvura kudziyisa midziyo, mumwe simba dzakabatana uye mamwe maindasitiri mafomu.

Another mudziyo dzataurwa nokuda musayendisiti French uye kuzivikanwa Fresnel prism rinoshandiswa nokurapa strabismus. Pari dzakabudirira itsva muenzaniso kwakavharwa nenyama kuti mudziyo uyu ndiro imwe segirazi mapurasitiki zvokunyama. Rimwe divi inopiwa ane prism Raster, uye mumwe kumeso. mudziyo uyu vakanamatira magirazi, saizvozvo rinoshandiswa chero strabismus.

Fresnel Diffraction rakashandiswa pakuvaka nezvemabatiro Manyiminya mano (materesikopu, mabhainokura). Uyu kuwanikwa ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo inokosha iri Manyiminya wefizikisi, iyo yakavakirwa ongororo dzakawanda.