Kukwanisa kurarama - ndiyo hwaro physiology

All zvipenyu vagere pasi redu, vanoonekwa nevamwe zvinodiwa. Chokutanga, hazvina basa uye aibuda dzakasiyana-siyana vasiri kwendangariro. Zvikasadaro, chitarisiko chavo rinogona kurondedzerwa zvakadaro pfungwa sezvo anokosha. Muunganidzwa ose pezvakaitwa kuti rwakavapo zvipenyu, zvisinei nezera ravo sangano. Munyaya ino, isu nekutatamura vamwe vavo.

Kukwanisa kurarama - ndiyo hwaro kuvapo zvinenge

Zvigadziriswe pakati vasiri pezvakaitwa vavo mumatunhu takatsunga ne STRUCTURAL zviri zvipenyu zvakasiyana-siyana. Somuenzaniso, basa nevanhu zvikuru kunzwisisa uye iri pasi huta uye humoral murau. Uye utachiwana ipfupi kune chinyakare muitiro wokuberekana nokuda nokuzvidzora gungano. photosynthesis zvinomera, mhuka kugaya, fission masero kwemabhakitiriya - kwete kungova kukwanisa kurarama. Wakaisa iyi pezvakaitwa izvo zvinopa muviri uye homeostasis.

upenyu pezvakaitwa

Utachiona dzinoratidzwa pezvakaitwa zvakadai sokudya, kufema, kufamba, kubereka, kukura, budiriro, nhodzera, kushanduka uye kwadzakabva Living. Basa rinokosha - mubatanidzwa vose pamusoro. Nerimwe taxonomic boka, vaine maitiro avo. Ngatimboonai zvimwe zvacho zvizere.

chikafu

Zvichienderana mhando simba zvipenyu zvose zviri akakamurwa auto- uye heterotrophs. Boka rokutanga unosanganisira zvinomera uye dzimwe mhando mabhakitiriya. Vanokwanisa kubereka yavo Organic yeimwe. Kuti aite izvi, zvinomera vanoshandisa zuva simba, kuburikidza icho synthesized mune chloroplasts ari monosaccharide shuga. Saka ivo vanonziwo phototrophic. Utachiona zvokudya panobva ndiro simba kwemakemikari zvisungo Organic yeimwe. Utachiona uhwu chete-celled vanonziwo chemotroph.

Mhuka uye hunokuvadza nezvairehwa chete vakagadzirira makemikari nyaya. Vane heterotrophic. Pakati pavo vane mapoka akawanda kuti zvisingapindirani yezvakaita zvokudya kunobva. Somuenzaniso, zvikara arwise nezvavakatapa dzavo, vakaigadzira, uye saprotrophs zvinodya makemikari nyaya kuora. Chaiwo boka rinosanganisira mixotrophy. Under yakanaka ezvinhu, ivo synthesize makabhohaidhiretsi oga, uye kuendeswa heterotrophic zvokudya, kana zvichidikanwa. Miyenzaniso mixotrophy euglena mutema, mistletoe, rogolist, Volvox.

mweya

Pfungwa zvinosanganisira kwete chete kufema okisijeni zvinodyiwa uye kabhoni dioxide. In iyi, makemikari zvinhu zviri oxidized kusunungura imwe mari simba. Zvinonzi "kuchengetwa" iri ATP mamorekuru. Somugumisiro, zvinenge Anopiwa kuchengeterwa ringaita kushandiswa kana zvakakodzera. In chirimwa afemeruke rikaitika mitochondria masero, uye kupa gasi Exchange kwakadaro zvinhu kufukidza jira sezvo stomata uye lenticels. In mhuka, dzakabatana kupa izvi ndizvo gills kana nemapapu.

prokaryotic zvinenge zvakawanda vanokwanisa anaerobic afemeruke. Izvi zvinoreva kuti oxidation kuti makemikari yeimwe zvaitika pasina kutora chikamu reokisijeni. Ava senitrogen-kutara, simbi uye nesarufa utachiona.

kubereka

Kuratidzwa muupenyu - kubereka ezvinhu zvipenyu. Izvi chendangariro ari chamazuva zvizvarwa. ehupfumi zvinokosha zvose zvipenyu zvose zviri kukwanisa wokushandura zviratidzo enhaka uye kuwana vatsva, kuona kwadzakabva yavo nokusingaperi-kuchinja mamiriro dzezvakatipoteredza.

Pane nzira huru mbiri idzo wokuberekana: pabonde uye asexual. The zvinoitika pamwe kutora chikamu gametes. Female uye vanhurume masero kubatanidza, achipa pave muviri mutsva. Bespololoe kubereka kunogona kuitika nenzira kupatsanura muzvitokisi maviri, sporulation, yotunga kana vegetatively.

Kukura

Mamiriro ezvinhu oupenyu upi muviri ndiwo ari quantitative uye Qualitative kuchinja kuti munguva ontogeny yavo. Nokuda nechitokisi nokupesana uye patsva pezvakaitwa anopiwa kuwedzera. In zvinomera notumwe zviri parunogumira. Izvi zvinoreva kuti havana kuwedzera kukura hwose. Animals kukurawo chete imwe nguva. Zvadaro, izvi zviri wakagumiswa. Growth achiperekedzwa kukura. Pfungwa iyi ndiyo Qualitative kuchinja, izvo anozviratidza muchimiro kunzwisisa pezvakaitwa upenyu. Kukura pamwe nemumwe uye zvakabatana chaizvo.

Saka, zvinokosha basa zvinenge - kutaridza vasiri urongwa, inonzi muviri uye homeostasis - kwerunyararo kugara womukati ezvinhu. The zvihombe ndivo zvokudya, kufema, kubereka, kufamba, kukura.