Basa uye simba remagetsi

In up redunhu rimwe nerimwe compulsorily akabata kaviri simba kutendeuka. Mune dikidiki magetsi tsime chakagadzirwa chero simba (semuenzaniso, jenareta - machine) kupinda magetsi simba, uye dunhu kuitika iri mudzoke zvakare kupinda uwandu simba yakaenzana kuti mhando. Kuyera kutendeuka redunhu Magetsi mune vamwe mhando simba - kukosha ano kuvhiyiwa.

Asi tinonzwisisa kuti basa uye simba remagetsi Kuyerera basa yemagetsi munda simba, unomutsa mhosva; saka zviri nyore kuverenga.

Ushande kuchinjwa yemagetsi vachengetwe yemagetsi mumunda nokukosha kwakatarwa pedyo chigadzirwa zvaitambidzwa parutivi mari muripo zvinogona kusiyana pfungwa pakutanga uye kuguma kuchinjwa, i.e. pamusoro voltage:

A = qU.

Zviri pachena, reshiyo ichi zvingava kushandiswawo kunyatsoongorora pfungwa dzakadai basa uye simba yemagetsi ano. About ukuru vebasa, yapfuura mune cheni, tinogona nokungoona kuitika kuyerera mudunhu, uye nguva parinowanika, sezvo q = It.

Uchishandisa ukama hwakadaro, tinofanira kuwana nzira yokuratidza kukosha ano basa riri yoga chikamu cheni, ane voltage U:

A = Uit.

Basa uye simba pamusoro Magetsi akayera mune zvinotevera nzira: kana magetsi akayera mu amperes, nguva seconds, uye voltage muna Volts, kuvhiyiwa - mu joules (J).

Saka, 1 gst boces = 1 volt amperes x 1 x 1 wechipiri.

Power kunoonekwa watts or (W):

1 watt = 1 gst boces / 1 masekonzi, kana 1 watt = 1 x 1 volt amperes.

Mubvunzo pakuverenga kukosha kwebasa kuitika munzvimbo iyi chokuita zvachose kuti mubvunzo chii simba mhando vachadzokera panguva nzvimbo magetsi simba. basa iri chiyero simba, tinoshandurirwa nezvimwe.

Magetsi kutakura oparesheni anogona vakuchidzire filament Mabumba, kubvunda nesimbi, tenderera ari armature ari injini, kukonzera makemikari kutendeuka, etc. Basa uye simba remagetsi dzose nguva kuona ufanane Magetsi kutendeuka kupinda dzimwe mhando - zvokuimba simba, nesimba chafariz inofamba, etc.

Kuziva kuti simba P = A / t, unogona kuwana nzira naro simba ano rinowanikwa pana chete nzvimbo Chains

P = UI.

Basa uye simba pamusoro DC kunogona dzaona nokushandisa Masvomhu aya uye vane ammeter, voltmeter. In tsika, kushanda yemagetsi munda kunoonekwa zano chairo - pakaunda. Nomunyika meter, mukati maro anotanga kurumidzo lightweight aruminiyamu dhisiki, uye ayo kutenderera nokumhanya ndiyo Proportional kuti amperage uye voltage zvakananga. Kuwanda nokumukirana, izvo zvaachatiitira yakati, kuchabatsira kuti vafunga pamusoro akakwana nokuda ichi nguva basa. Electricity mamita anogona kuwanikwa nomumwe mufurati.

AC simba kunoyerwa kushandisa chaiyo mudziyo - simba mita. Mune imwe midziyo ine mudziyo uyu zvichienderana nemitemo voltmeter uye ammeter.

Vazhinji midziyo yemagetsi uye michina namano anoratidza simba ravo. . Somuenzaniso, simba anogona kuva incandescent girobhu racho 25 W, 75 W, nezvimwewo, simba vacuum kana simbi vanenge 1000 W, Magetsi anogona kusvika kumusoro chaizvo tsika - kusvika zviuru zvakawanda kilowatts. Muchiitiko chino, yeukai ano vachikwanisa, iyo ichipfuura chimwe mudziyo.

Basa uye AC simba vari dzaona zvakasiyana. Saka, kuverenga rinoitwa rakatumbuka ichangobuda nokuti imwe nguva, mumwe anogona kushandisa nzira:

P = 1 / 2I₀U₀ Kosi φ. Kazhinji mukana wokuti vanhu vanga ichi yakanyorwa chimiro ichi: P = Iu Kosi φ, apo ini U - tsika voltage uye ano, inova 2 nguva duku pane runoenzanirana amplitude tsika.

The yemaitiro nokuti pakuverenga ari AC simba kwakafanana nokuda DC.

Vamapoka simba uye basa:

1 watt-wechipiri = 1 J 1 zvatinoita mazuva ese zvive = 3600 J;

Hectowatt 1 awa J = 360,000;

1 kWh = 3600000dzh.

Vamapoka simba:

1 ampere volt = 1 W;

1 hectowatt = 100 W;

1 kilowatt = 1000 watts or.