Paranasal sinuses: anatomi, zvokurwara uye zvinoita chirwere

Sinuses - zvinoshandiswa nasal mhango, pakadzika inopiwa muna dehenya mapfupa, akafuka mucous Kamudzira mukati. Vari chokuita dzaiita zvokutaurwa mhango uye kushandiswa humidification, kucheneswa uye nokudziya inhaled mhepo. Paranasal sinuses vari kutora chikamu pakugadzirwa mitinhimira.

Munyaya ino ndinoda kutsanangura anatomi kuti zvinoshandiswa izvi. Ngationei ndezvipi paranasal sinuses. kukosha kwavo, kusiyana uye anomalies dzichakurukurwa pashure. Nezvezvichaitwa chirwere chokuita zvinoshandiswa izvi.

Paranasal sinuses: anatomi

On mativi ose nasal mhango pedyo sinuses zvinotevera:

• maxillary;
• frontal;
• achikanganisa;
• afoot maze.

Ngatitarisei chimwe nechimwe, kuti vavake paranasal sinuses.

genyantrum

Maxillary sinus iri chaiwo pakukora pfupa yokumusoro shaya. Izvi zvinonyanya guru pakati paranasal sinuses. Y akaumba noruzivo munhu kwayo avhareji Vhoriyamu kubva 10 kusvika 12 cm kubva ^3.

chimiro Its chakafanana maxillary sinus tetrahedral chepiramidhi. Riri pedyo muromo zygomatic muitiro. Rusvingo pasi anoumba inonzi alveolar pfupa, izvo Anopatsanura yokumusoro rushaya pamusoro nomumukanwa mhango.

frontal sinus

We zvichiwana sei kuumba mhuno uye paranasal sinuses. Next, tarisai anatomi yacho frontal sinus. The yokupedzisira anoiswa pakati ndiro miviri frontal mapfupa nzvimbo yacho. Zvinonzi huviri vakaenzana sezvikamu, chaiwo partition.

Kwakakura pamusoro frontal sinus zvikuru fluctuates pakati vanhu. avhareji vhoriyamu Its angava pakati 3 uye 5 masendimita ^3. Development akapa nemanda yaiva nasal mhango kunotanga makore okutanga oupenyu uye rinoguma makore 25 ekuberekwa.

sphenoid sinus

Sphenoid sinus, rinonziwo chikuru, riri gobvu iri sphenoid mapfupa rokumusoro shaya, chete pamusoro chematenga yacho nasopharynx. Iye akaparadzanisa pfupa dzisakarurama partition migove miviri, rimwe nerimwe rine nzira yokubudisa iri repamusoro nasal ndima.

Sphenoid sinus miganhu cranial makomba, carotid tsinga, tsinga kuti vane basa racho kwemaziso. Naizvozvo, kuvandudzwa pathological pezvakaitwa munzvimbo akaratidza nengozi kwete chete kune utano asi upenyu.

Iva sphenoid sinus kunotanga pakarepo pashure pokuberekwa. inotungamirwa Its kunoguma mumakore anenge 20.

ethmoidal labyrinth

Richirondedzera sinuses (mufananidzo akurukurwa munyaya, vanoratidza nzvimbo yavo), zvinokosha kufunga anatomi paiya inonzi zvakachinjikwa inovhiringidza. samambure ichi chakaumbwa sinus zvakasiyana mu chimiro uye kukura pneumatic makamuri. Ivo dziri munharaunda pakati mhuno uye ziso nezvigadziko. Yokumusoro chikamu bordered pedyo labyrinth afoot pajira riya uye ophthalmic Anterior cranial fossa.

Nendumure vakapa paranasal sinuses kusimukira zvikuru nokushingaira. Kwokupedzisira paumbwe imwe samambure masero pneumatic rinoguma nemashoko anenge 14-16 makore.

Next, tsvaka ndedzipi pathologies uye zvirwere paranasal sinuses.

rhinitis

The inonyanya chirwere kunokanganisa paranasal sinuses. The chirwere chinhu chakasimba kutapuriranwa hunhu, ane nemavhairasi mavambo. It kunoratidzwa zhinji panowanikwa mucous secretions kubva nasal mhango, zvakaoma kufema.

In rhinitis zvinodhaka kurapa inoshandiswa. In chinonyanya yakaoma, yepamusoro zviitiko, vanachiremba kushandisa kuvhiya kupindira. Kudiwa kurapwa kwakadaro kumbowanikwa pamberi deformation ari nasal septum, uye mhepo zviri yokumusoro pakati uye hypertrophy repfupa anoshongwa.

sinusitis

Pasi rino tsananguro anozivikanwa zvinyama kuzvimba panguva iyo kwazvo sinuses. The causative mutumwa chirwere ndivo Kurwara uye zvirwere. Huru Zviratidzo: vachiwana kuwedzera muviri tembiricha, kugara nasal kuzara, kutemwa nomusoro, kurasikirwa kunhuwidza, pfungwa vomanikidza ziso rimwe. In wakakura zvikuru kacho, pane rikwanise ndichinzwa zino uye uso kuzvimba.

Pakurapa sinusitis kunoratidzwa kugamuchira zvinodhaka immunomodulatory kuti tiwedzere midziyo ropa anodonhedza, nemishonga, abudise paranasal sinuses. Pasina nenguva Mabatirwo sinusitis anogona kuva chakasimba siyana, rinozivikanwa sinusitis, sinusitis, ethmoiditis. yematambudziko izvi kuguma kuzvimba remafupa masvingo uye kufema mucous membranes.

In chakakomba sinusitis kuti utachiona sinuses dzinounzwa zhinji purulent makore. Pasina unhu kurapwa utachiona zvinogona kuparadzira kusvika akapoteredza nyama yacho sinuses, kunyanya kusvika uropi, kuti vakawanda anotyisidzira zvakakomba.

Polyposis, paranasal sinuses

Polyps muri growths pakati zvinyama kuti zvishoma kukura mucous membranes mhino. Ivo vasimuke pamusoro pakanyorwa yakasiyana siyana zvirwere. Kunotungamirira paumbwe chirwere kuzvimba munyama.

Pakati huru zviratidzo polyposis kucherechedza:

• blockage ari kufema;
• nenguva dzirikure tichibatwa zvakakwana nasal kuzara;
• kuzvimba munyama;
• kushandura inzwi inzwi kuna nasal;
• vachivavhiringidza kunhuwidza uye ipapo kunzwa.

Kukura polyps wakagumiswa surgically. Kana abnormality ari kuona zviri tanga inotungamirwa, kushanda kuchinja kwakajairika, zvikurukuru negashiro zvinodhaka antihistamine uye Anti-anogumbura, vhitamini zvivako.

The deformation of nasal septum

The zvokurwara pamudzi wacho nasal septum yakatsauka kubva ayo centerline vose kana mumwe rutivi. The chirwere angava vawana kana enhaka. Kana ari nasal septum deformation murume anogona kunzwa zvokufema, aigara vanotambura sinusitis uye rhinitis.

Treatment ndeyokuita kuvhiyiwa. Kudzorera utano kwomudzimu nokuda rakasungwa nasal septum - vanonzi septoplasty. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha nzira iri kuvandudza nasal kufema.

In mhedziso

Sezvinogona kuoneka, sinuses chaizvoizvo aumbe richikurukura conductive mhepo in. Hazvishamisi kuti zvirwere zvose, zvinosanganisira kuva mumiririri nzvimbo, saizvozvo Mabviro. Vakazvimiririra kusarudza chirwere akarova sinuses, zvakaoma. Nzira iyo kupa migumisiro nevamwe pathologies kunogona basa zvachose zororo. In pamberi zviratidzo zviri pamusoro zvirwere nani pakarepo kutsvaka chirwere chiremba anokwanisa, kuitira kudzivisa matambudziko.