Pellagra - a ... Chikonzero uye zviratidzo pellagra

Pellagra - chirwere hworatidza pacharo nokuda kushayikwa mavhitaminzi kana kushayika kwezvokudya zvinovaka muviri nokushayiwa kana kushayiwa mune zvokudya mapuroteni, niacin uye amino asidhi tryptophan.

Chirwere kupesvedzera chete inorwara vakuru nevana. Mostly sick murombo zvikamu vemo. Pellagra inogona nechivimbo kunzi matatu chirwere Q - dermatitis, manyoka, dementia, muna Chirungu kudanwa zvirwere nezvakanyorwa 4 uye D ndiko akawedzera pakupera rufu (rufu).

Nicotinic asidhi uye pellagra

Waverenga izvi, vanhu vakawanda varege kunzwisisa, chii chikakananda, riri zvikuru ngozi muchetura. Asi, chokwadi, nicotinic asidhi - chinokosha vhitamini kuti anotamba rakakura basa kushanda kunoita muviri. In tsinga chaizvo receptors varipo, migumisiro iyo chete kutanga proviso kuti muviri zvakakwana mari nicotinic acid, uko zvinoberekwa dzakananga utachiona ari munhu dumbu. Asi, pasinei nokuti niacin (nicotinic acid) iri mubhuku fodya utsi, pane zvakasiyana zvachose uye naizvozvo ayo yeimwe zvikuru muchetura. Kubva nayo kutambudzika nhengo dzomukati, unogona kuva zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana vakadzi vane pamuviri, kuratidzwa zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana. pellagra chirwere kungazviratidza mu vanosvuta - havana shoma kana kwete pachake kwetunhu.

Nhoroondo chirwere

Zvinoreva "pellagra" rinoshandurwa sezvo ine ganda. Zvikurukuru chirwere akatekeshera kugamuchirwa XIX remakore munyika dzose European rinenge. Pakupera kwezana remakore iroro, chirwere yakanyangarika muFrance oga.

Mune imwe nyaya vakawana pellagra chirwere chinorondedzerwa sezvinotevera: varwere vane "girazi" nameso yakamisirwa tarisisa, chiso akacheneruka. Hands zvakafanana pashure zvakawanda kutsva kana maronda - zvose zviri makatsemuka uye mavanga. Vanodzedzereka ane kuzunungusa musoro anosika nechitarisiko munhu ane doro kudhaka. Kunenge kuti vanotungamirirwa vamwe simba - kuti kupinda rimwe divi, vakabva vatanga kumhanya kubva wokupedzisira kuedza yakananga zvakakwana, uye ipapo nokukurumidza kubva hysterical kuseka kana sobs akasimba.

Unorema zvirwere vakatora nzvimbo panguva musha uye Semi-MAPOKA (misha vana, mumajeri, mupfungwa zvipatara).

panomuka Major vaiva uye chirimo, saka nyanzvi vakagumisa kuti pellagra iri chirwere zvakasikwa. Imwe nyika yakashuma chirwere kwezvizvarwa ari mhuri imwe, saka akanga vakagumisa kuti pellagra chichigarwa nhaka.

Shure refu akataura Dr. Goldberg akawana kuti Semi-collectives nehosha pellagra vakawanda kumbova Kunyoresa kukundwa ichi chirwere vashandi. Saka, kuedza inoitwa pachayo muna 1916 na Purofesa D. Goldberg, pamwe 15 navo, akaratidza kuti pellagra - asiri pezvirwere zvinopomerwana. Uye mushure mechinguva nefuma akawanikwa izvo zvinobudirira kurapa chirwere - pellagra Kudzivirira chinhu kana PP. Asi chaizvoizvo, fuma iyi yakawanikwa pakazosvika 1873, masayendisiti Weiner, asi chete pashure pemakore akawanda zvakava pachena kuti PP, uye nicotinic asidhi ndiye mumwe chete fuma.

Mavhitaminzi mumuviri womunhu

Vhitamini B anotora chakakomba danho zvinokosha dzevanhu chero zvose. Asi chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuti pakugadzirwa ATP uye dzakasiyana. vhitamini ichi akazoita pachiyero anokuvadza remafuta akawandisa muropa, nokudaro yekudyidzana kuderedza mukana zvemwoyo chirwere.

Nicotinic asidhi ndiro chete vhitamini izvo anoziva chinyakare somushonga yoga medicament uye anoshandisa pakurapa zvirwere zvakakomba siyana.

Kushaikwa B mavhitaminzi kunogona kukonzera beriberi, ichi zvinoita:

• Low zviri nicotinic asidhi kana nicotinamide pamwe chichizouya muviri nezvokudya.

• malabsorption vhitamini basa iri kutyora nemudumbu ari pamudyandigere zera.

• Kushaya tryptophan amino acids kudzikama kudya - pasina intestinal bacteria regai synthesize niacin.

• Alcohol kuyanzva.

• malignancies Different.

• Kugara kuneta uye kuzvidya mwoyo.

Basa zvisaririra zvinhu mumuviri womunhu

Kushaikwa vhitamini D kunoderedza kudya, manzwiro kusagadzikana, fufune uye zvichingodaro. A shoma ultraviolet chiedza kunokonzera kusava vhitamini D pamuviri, iro hwakazara zvakakomba. Huri muna mafuta hove, ruomba.

Kushaikwa vhitamini E kunonyanya kunokanganisa mukuru ezvinhu ganda, bvudzi uye zvipikiri. Asi kunze izvozvo kukudyira kubatana kwetunhu munyama zvose womunhu muviri - kunonatsiridza chokufambisa reokisijeni muropa, kunotadzisa panowanikwa atherosclerosis, izvozvo zvinoita kuti chakaipa nokushanda kwenhengo nhengo dzakavandika.

Kushaikwa vhitamini E havachamboshandisi. antioxidant izvi zviri yakakwana kwazvo muna miriwo mafuta, bota, offal uye hanyanisi. Zvisinei, kana chiropa iri kutoitwa havaratidzi, nokuti kuipa Absorção de Água mavhitamini zvakafanira inotokonya secretion kuti bile.

Kushaikwa vhitamini K kunotungamirira nokuvhiringidzirwa kweropa uye nekudeura ropa kazhinji anooneka kunosimbiswa. Anogona vanoumba nechiyero, kusanganisira chiropa zvokudya, sipinachi, shizha kana makabheji, madomasi uye makarotsi.

Kushaikwa vhitamini A kushayikwa zviratidzo zviri pachena "upofu usiku", vanhu vanotambura nezvirwere izvi, kurega kuona yorubvunzavaeni, asi ona zvakakwana masikati. Kana kushayiwa kunoitika payakakurudzirwa, kunzwa kuoma mukuona. Dzimwe nguva zvinogona kutanga peeling kana actinic kwete chete ganda, asi mucous membranes, kukundikana kwemakemikari anobudiswa mumasero - iri kunokanganisa kushaya vhitamini A. Zviratidzo zviri tichitsanya zvakakwana kana yokudzora simba. Inowanikwa mafuta mhuka, chiropa, mafuta kodhi chiropa, zai yolks, tsvuku makarotsi, madomasi, matsva apricots. Kana kubika kana pickling mavhitaminzi zvabatwa panguva nokuomesa zvinoitika kuparadzwa nokukurumidza.

Mazuvano pane matanho anoverengeka vhitamini A kushayikwa, iyo inorondedzera zviratidzo pazasi:

1. vakawanda kukanganisika nhengo dzomukati, kufanana vose, uye vamwe. Izvi imhaka vasanyanye kunyatsoshanda uye kushinga.

2. Kushaikwa zvishoma nezvishoma anotanga kuoneka. In kurapwa ongororo, zvinokwanisika atova kuziva chaizvoizvo kushaya kushayiwa pamuviri.

3. kukwana kana pasina vhitamini kana kutyora kwayo digestibility.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana hypovitaminosis zviri zvakajairika mazuva ano, kunyanya mune vakwegura, pamuviri kana lactating vakadzi, vatambi, vana, vashandi basa panyama rakaoma.

Basa mavhitaminzi mumuviri womunhu zvakajeka, uye kuregeredza zvinhu izvi ngozi kuutano.

Zvinhu kuti chirwise chirwere

• Skin maronda sunburn.

• Alcoholism.

• Various zvirwere nemudumbu.

• Pamuviri kana uchiyamwisa.

• Various zvinotapukira.

• The kusaenzana mune zvokudya.

Chirwere uye zvekuchipatara chirwere

Kushaya mavhitaminzi pamuviri achiumbwa kwemakore, yose apo vanozvishandura kuva zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana - kubva mupfungwa kusvika etsinga. Kana nicotinic asidhi ane kuperevedza vanhu vane chirwere kuneta chirwere, kudya ungaderedza kuita, rakapinza kuderera uremu muviri.

Yakanga chete mushure nguva murwere anotanga chokunyunyuta hope, kushatirwa, nomusoro uye kukanganwa, pane kusafarira mumhanzi ruzha, mavara inopenya uye chiedza. Nenhokwe kubva kunyanyisa mumwe - kubva kuora mwoyo mamiriro kusvikira hasha.

izvi chinja kwemanzwiro zvose kazhinji anoratidza vamwe kufunga zvepfungwa, uye edza kuti murwere kushanyira chiremba wepfungwa.

Muchiitiko ichi chichava zvakanaka kana hosha rinosvika padariro zvikuru zvekuchipatara zvinozonzi, uye chiremba achaita kwazvo vaongo-, izvo anoona zvakafanana, ichibata tsvuku makwapa ane scaly pasi mumuviri uye yakajeka tsvuku rurimi ane kupenyerera pamusoro, pamwe imprints mazino pamusoro kumicheto, yakasiyana neuritis uye " lumbago ", kurasikirwa nehanya kuti bato chero nzvimbo.

zviratidzo

Zvikurukuru, murwere anogona kushandisa zvachose kune mumwe zvavo unyanzvi, sezvo richiratidzwa dzakasiyana pellagra. Zviratidzo Its dzinosanganisira:

- Dermatologist kuona edema uye kuvaviwa epithelium zvakadzama yakatsvuka, iyo nguva nenguva kuumbwa Maronda akasiyana kuti pakupedzisira hombodo uye kunyorova, nechitarisiko pezvizuva patakafanana pityriasis versicolor. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, ganda exfoliated uye nokudaro zvava kuonekwa chakadzama akaturikidzana ari epithelium, kana zvachose rakabuda ruvara uye anoyeuchidza Vitiligo. In nyika yedu, pellagra - ndiwo isingawanzowanikwi chirwere.

- Kana vaiona gastroenterologist murwere chete chirwere nayo anoona kuduku maronda pamuromo, rurimi rakajeka mavara, akaderedza kurema vakawanda. A kunyunyuta kune kunonyengedza salivation, manyoka pamwe chinonyangadza kwakanaka, kuda kurutsa, ungaderedza kana kurasikirwa kudya, kusagadzikana mune huro kana yegurokuro achapesana nyanzvi kuti kuitisa mamwe zveBhaibheri - sigmoidoscopy uye / kana fibrogastroduodeniyu. Maererano pakuongororwa vachava kuonekwa atrophy pamusoro mucosa ari nemudumbu, dzimwe nguva pamasvingo duku ropa nemaronda vanoonekwa.

- At yokupedzisira pavaipfuura chirwere, varwere kupinda chiremba wepfungwa kana wetsinga. Panguva iyi inotanga mberi dementia, icho pamwe psychosis kana encephalopathy, uko kunoratidzwa fungidziro siyana, paranoid zvinovadadira vane mafungiro uye vashatirwa. Encephalopathy chirwere ari kubatana dzisavhiringidza kuti pfungwa, ari kubuda wehasha dzisingadzorwi anomwa kana rwakabata dzepanguva, wakawedzera tsandanyama matauriro.

The zviratidzo pellagra achavaponesa chii mudariro ichapindura wacho nyanzvi ariwana - netsaona.

The kunotoda Mufananidzo chirwere rakanyatsojeka siyana uye dzinogona kubatanidzwa nezvimwe zviratidzo hypovitaminosis.

Pellagra, Photo zvakajairika zviratidzo pazasi, kunoratidzwa siyana maronda pamuromo, dermatitis, cheya chirwere uye zvinetso mupfungwa dzakasiyana hunhu. Kureva zviratidzo zvikuru siyana. In vakuru vane chirwere pellagra zviratidzo zvinokonzerwa muutera, kusakendenga, kuderera kana kusavapo kudya kwakakwana uye somugumisiro uremu, kushatirwa, kurukutika.

Kushungurudzwa nechigaro, uye kuchinja pasi mucosa pakati Epiderme e kuonekwa kune mugumo chando. Kwapera nguva pasina zviratidzo pashure kurapwa anotanga ichipfuta mumuromo uye kunonyengedza salivation. Zvichitevera ichi rinowanikwa mumatenhere miromo, zvinganaka rezasi, pamwe kunorwadza mitswe. Oral mucosa hyperemic uye mazino uye rurimi akafukidzwa nemaronda diki. Language akafuka dema uye shava patina, asi muromo uye micheto openya dzvuku. Nokufamba kwenguva, mutauro iri zvachose tsvuku, anooneka lacquered chivheneke. In rurimi edematous papillae hypertrophied uye kuoneka sezvo tsvuku Dots pamusoro micheto imprints mazino vari kuoneka. Shure kwaizvozvo chenjera zviratidzo zvishoma nezvishoma kupinda kuderera, hapana mucous atrophy papillae, asi kwakadzama mihoronga kuonekwe pamusoro pechiso rurimi. ganda lesion kunoitika kunyanya yakazaruka munzvimbo.

Chirwere pellagra: zviratidzo chirwere

Maronda akasiyana, epidermal thickening ane scaly pamusoro, iyo zvino anotanga kuti pigmented, wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose, uye pakupedzisira atrophy. Mune zvimwe zviitiko pangava nokuratidzwa musana-poliradikulonevriticheskogo, kana cerebrospinal polinevriticheskogo syndrome.

Kana chirwere kazhinji mwoyo, ndokusanganisa zvakanaka kupinda psychosis. Ichi anogona kwemakore, pamwe pagore chitubu exacerbations kuti zvingaitika pamwe nemamwe matambudziko akasiyana-siyana ari muchimiro fivha kana zviratidzo nemanyoka, kashoma kutanga chakakuvara.

To musi, munyika dzakabudirira zviri zvisinganyanyi kuitika. Asi mune dzimwe nzvimbo Africa kana Asia, pellagra - dambudziko chakakomba, zvisinei, vanachiremba veko kuzviona pane vachiri rwakazara. Nokuti chinangwa ichi uchava zvakakwana kupfuura weti yokuziva sandara methylnicotinamide uye uwandu ropa nicotinic asidhi uye vhitamini kugutsikana b-boka.

mabatiro

Varwere vanofanira kuva muchipatara kwavakanga ushandiswe zvimwe tafura inotevera mitsetse:

1. Protein Kudya dzakakwirira kugutsikana kuderedzwa mafuta zvokudya, broths, huku kana zvihuta mazai, nomukaka kana mukaka zvigadzirwa.

2. Kugadzirira ane nicotinic acid. Nzira uye dose kuvimba kwokuomerwa chirwere, uye comorbidity.

3. Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, kunyatsotevedza mubhedha zororo.

4. Various Formulations umo vhitamini aripo ari kunodiwa akawanda.

5. In Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa, zvavakabvumirana achimhanya ropa.

6. Kana pari chirwere chepfungwa, maererano nenyanzvi, kunyanya kushandisa mapiritsi siyana, antidepressants.

7. Murwere anofanira kudzivisa kupedza nguva refu ari zuva kusvikira nokupora.

Kana iwe havateereri tiri zviratidzo chirwere uye regai zvinoenderana kurapwa, pellagra anokwanisa yokuuraya munhu makore anenge mashanu.

dziviriro

In prophylactic mafomu, unofanira kupedza zvinovaka muviri pamwe zvakakodzera uwandu zvokudya zvaparadzwa antipellagricheskogo chinhu. The daily mukuru ifaniro vhitamini PP anenge 15-25 MG.

A yakawanda vhitamini ichi zvakakwana rinowanikwa gorosi, mbiriso, offal. Mukaka chine yakawanda tryptophan, iyo muviri nyore synthesized mune nicotinic acid.

Nokuti kudzivirira chirwere pellagra parenteral Kutarisirwa kunoda guru mishonga mavhitamini hunodiwa nhengo, kana chipo munhoroondo chirwere, izvo kuvhiringidza dzose Absorção de Água muviri nokuda muviri, kana pamberi echirwere kana chakasimba noutachiona. Saka, basa mavhitamini mumuviri womunhu rinokosha zvakakwana.

It anotevera kuti chirwere wakadaro nyore kudzivirira pane kuti nenguva rokuongorora uye mushonga.