Progressive Bloc muna Duma

Progressive Bloc - yakasiyana nedzimwe chakajairika munhoroondo yenyika dzeparamende hurongwa. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso wokutanga, kana intransigent bato munzvimbo dzakawanda vakaumba yakabatana pamberi pamusoro rinopfungaira munyika mugomba rakadzikadzika zveupfumi uye enyika dambudziko. Munguva yakaoma ezvinhu World War First yakatora worupo munzanga akaedza kuudza basa pamwe autocracy, asi Nicholas II pane chero zvichemo zvakakomba ndisingadi kuenda kuti pakupedzisira zvakatungamirira kurasikirwa simba ravo guru kuti kuparara Russian Empire.

Progressive Bloc: Background kusikwa

Pakusikwa Progressive Bloc muna Duma - inonzwisisika Mugumisiro kwakaitika kuti nguva munyika socio-zveupfumi uye enyika zviitiko. accession Russia kuna August 1, 1914 mu World War I akaita rakajeka chaizvo nokupenya nechido munyika. Hadzigari padivi uye vamiririri zvinenge mapoka ose State Duma. Zvisinei dzavo maonero enyika uye Cadets uye Octobrists uye Trudoviks vakaratidza rutsigiro yavo yakazara Hurumende Nicholas II, uye akakurudzira vanhu kuti vabatane mukutarisana pedyo ngozi Yababa.

Zvisinei, nekubvumirana ichi zvakaratidza pfupi nokupenya. The hondo yakaenderera mberi, pachinzvimbo akapikirwa okukunda uye kubatana "uto Constantinople yekare 'vakatambura akatevedzana tisanzwe maronda. Grew inzwi rakati haina anomirirwa muna Duma, ivo Bolsheviks, vakanga mhosva Nicholas II nokuti hondo zvido maindasitiri makuru uye mari, uye akadana varwi muAtlantic kuti maoko kupidigura umambo. nyaya idzi kwakaitika tikafunga kuderera mamiriro ezvinhu zvoupfumi munyika uye "vashumiri leapfrog" iri yepamusoro echelons simba. Paumbwe Progressive Bloc mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro vakava of facto wokupedzisira wokuti kuchinja rugare kuramba nokugarika munyika.

Muitiro pakusika

Pakutanga kubatana kwacho congresses akaisa anoverengeka kumapati, kwakaitika muna June-July 1915. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pakati saizvozvo Cadets uye Octobrists vakanga zvinokosha chaizvo kusiyana, vari akapotsa pamwe chete akati, kuti mamiriro ezvinhu munyika somugumisiro vakakurirwa pamusoro fronts akatanga kuderera nokukurumidza. Kudzikamisa mamiriro ezvinhu, zvakanzi ndaizvipira nokubatanidza zvinoitwa akarurama mauto uye kudzingana mambo ndinosika hurumende mutoro kwete chete asiwo kune vevatariri. August 22 pakati matanhatu mapato State Duma uye vatatu - chibvumirano akanga asaina Council of State, rwakazokura seshanduro Progressive Bloc.

Kunyanya mudonzvo Progressive Bloc

Very kuziva chikamu nokuwadzana ichi enyika. Pamutemo, chikuru woruchiva, vakaburukira mariri, yaiva "Union yaOctober 17", asi munhu akangwarira chaizvo mutemo nokuwadzana izvi zvakatungamirira kuti vamiririri vayo dzakatangwa zvakawanda sezvinoita nekuyanana nehurumende pane ikwidzwe nayo chero kuzviomesera zvinodiwa. Saka, mumwe mutungamiri nokukurumidza akasvika vamiririri ari kadheti Party , inotungamirwa Pavlom Milyukovym. Dare Democrats vaiona pakusikwa Progressive Bloc, sezvo danho rinokosha munzira kuenda kuRussia chaivo yepamutemo umambo. Cadets nokushingaira akashandisa mukana nokushamwaridzana kuti ataure chirongwa zvinodiwa zvavo, uyewo basa munyaya mumapoka ayo vamiriri mamwe mapato.

Uyewo ari Progressive Bloc rinoumbwa vamiririri dzakatsauka, sezvo Zemstvo-Octobrists, vezvourudzi, akamira pamusoro mberi papuratifomu, centrists uye progressives. Vose, State Duma vari kushamwaridzana itsva zvinosanganisira 236 wevatariri, sokunge akabatana navo uye State Council wevatariri, iwe tora munhu anoyevedza chaizvo mufananidzo vanhu mazana matatu. Wevakadzidza mutungamiriri mumwe vatungamiriri "Union of October 17" akasarudzwa Meller Zakomelsky mu chinogumbura Bureau yaisanganisira vanhu 25, iyo mukuru basa akasiyana Milyukov, Efremov, Szydlowski uye Shulgin.

Progressive Bloc muna Duma: purogiramu uye zvinodiwa zvinokosha

Hwaro chirongwa idzva nokuwadzana enyika muna State Duma vakanga akawanda anokosha zvokudya. Chekutanga, ichi ndicho yokurega of Cabinet uye kuumba hurumende itsva kuti kuchaita kunakidzwa kuvimba oruzhinji vamiririri wevatariri, asiwo kugoverana mutoro pamwe "progressives." Chechipiri, pamwechete Hurumende itsva pokugadzwa nepurogiramu chiito kuchengetedza munzanga runyararo munyika, uye kupesana zvakajeka kwemasimba pakati yevagari uye uto masimba. Pakupedzisira, Chechitatu, pakusikwa Progressive Bloc muna Duma, maererano havaoni ayo, aifanira kuva vimbiso nokuda kwemitemo munyika.

Maduramazwi mabasa kuti vatungamiri vatsva sangano enyika zvinganaka raizoitwa munguva pfupi, zvinokosha kuziva chisarudzo pamusoro mubvunzo National munyika. Saka, zvakanga aronga kupa kuenzana kodzero nevamwe marudzi nevaJudha kupa pahupamhi kuzvionera kuPoland uye Finland kuti zvinake kuti vanhu Galicia. Uyewo, Progressive Bloc muna Duma anenge pakarepo namarudzi inotungamirwa aisa pamberi Hurumende nyaya ruregero vasungwa vezvematongerwo enyika uye resumption wezvokutengeserana mubatanidzwa mabasa. Zvisinei, kunyange kumutswa izvi anoti kwakaita oma nemishonga kwete chete neDare Vashumiri, asiwo nokuda vamiririri monarchist webato iri Duma.

Matambudziko uye kuguma kwebasa

Progressive Bloc wawana sezvamunoita kusiyane rinotsanangura rakakura kukweshera pakati penhengo dzayo. Mugumo mabasa kushamwaridzana ichi chaiva rwokutaura August 1916, nhamba nhengo dzayo pamusoro hurumende uye ayo mutungamiri Stunner. Kushoropodza zvakatarirwa pasi, zvikurukuru, Miliukov, musoro Council of Vashumiri kumanikidzwa kusiya, asi unopfuura mutsetse hurumende hachina kuchinja. Izviwo, akapa pave zvakakomba nokusawirirana pakati mwero Bapiro chinogumbura uye zvakawanda zvikuru-dzakanaka "progressives." Pashure dzinotevedzana muchikurukura, wokupedzisira muna December 1916, akasiya Progressive Bloc. Pamberi yaFebruary Revolution akanga chete shomanana.

tsamwisa zvabuda

Pakusikwa Progressive Bloc muna Duma airatidzika kupa mukana rugare munyika rokukunda zvoupfumi uye enyika zvinetso zvinokonzerwa nokukundikana kwevanhu Russia muna World War First. Zvisinei, kuti unavailability ari youmambo simba kuti zvakakomba zvichemo, pamwe dzomunyika kupokanidzana mukati bloc haana kubvumira mukana uyu kuti kuva chokwadi.