Remarque mashoko. Erich Mariya mashoko: mashoko, aphorisms uye mashoko

Erich Mariya mashoko ... Zviri chikuru vanhu vake - a chaiwo, izvo kwaifanira vanyore inotambudzwa mweya zvinotyisa Nguva nyika hondo ...

Pakutanga, zita rake akanzi sezvo Erich Paul Handimupinduri. At nemapfumbamwe makore panguva yeHondo Yenyika I, iye akapotsa vakava akaremara nokuti zvinorwadza hondo maronda mashanu. Doctors vakafanotaura iye pfupi uye joyless kuvapo akaremara, asi yake simba mweya nesimba. Zvisinei, chinonyanya anotyisa akundwa Eric akanga kukurumidza rufu Kutamiswa nenhamo unosuwisa mai vake - gore gare gare, pashure pokunge vakuvara. Gare gare Remarque mashoko akashandiswa biographers, vakarondedzera akatamisira kwavari kushushikana mupfungwa: "Amai - ichi ndicho chinonyanya kutibaya mwoyo zvose panyika. Amai - Zvinoreva kuti: kukanganwira nokubayira pachedu ".

Special tarenda munyori

Paakanga akaudza ari netsamba dzake, kuti wana pachangu Mascot kufirwa, kamwe zviri mhinduro: kutsiva zvakazara ayo kutumidza "Paul" muzita ramai - Maria. Erich akafunga kuti aizoramba kutarisira hwake, wechikoro dropout, dzakapiswa hondo.

Mavambo uye fungidzira mafungiro akanga organically kuri kuti murume uyu unyanzvi. Zvichida, saka, anotora mumabhuku Remarque nezverudo uye hondo, womunhu uye manzwiro ake kubata mweya vaverengi.

Dzimwe nguva pfungwa yemunyori vari honed saka, pfupi, zvipfupi, yepakutanga, vakakurumidza ndokurangarira muverengi, vachiva aphorisms.

Remarque anotanga mabhuku basa

Kwete hothouse chikoro upenyu, aiva makore ake muduku. muviri Strong vachiri kusimuka. Pashure pokunge akakuvadzwa, aiedza kuisa somuimbi, rudzi motokari mutyairi, uye ipapo - somunhu wenhau. Panguva ino akanyora mabasa ekutanga pamusoro manyorerwo zvakafananidzirwa tabloid venhau. Zvisinei, pashure pemakore mashanu kunogona kurondwa kwayo yakajeka nyanzvi kukura: akapiwa basa repamusoro mu Europe - kuva dzomupepanhau Hanover bhuku "Echo pamusoro Continental." Chaiva chikoro chakanaka. Kare muna Germany, akava mupepeti nevhiki "Bild Shport kwavari."

Pakusikwa munyori yokufungidzira nezveHondo Yenyika I munyika yakanakisisa

Makore mana gare gare, Remarque kunotora yokufungidzira kunyora, izvo vakamuisa mukurumbira uye pfuma - ". All Akanyarara pamusoro Western Front" Chinogadzirisa nyaya kunoshamisa tenzi prose pamusoro vanhu vakaputsa kubva upenyu norugare, kusundwa searing Kukuru Mukutonga kwechiFascist yehondo, kumanikidzwa kufa zviuru. Zvadaro, mukuru yokufungidzira zvakajeka anodzivisa simba Hitler, uchiteterera Humanism vaverengi, achiita tsitsi dzavo, dzairamba mhirizhonga.

Rakanyorwa akafanana tatongerwa njodzi German mumakore 40, kurondedzera vomunyika ikava kanoni zvokudya. Vatsoropodzi vanobvuma kuti mabhuku nyika yokufungidzira ndiro bhuku I World War yakanakisisa.

rakazotevera racho - bhuku "The Return" - akataura pamusoro vakararama emunyori, uyo, zvirema pakunamata, achibva mberi kuupenyu rehurumende, havana vari kudiwa, kudzikama.

kumanikidzwa kuenda kumwe

Hapana muporofita munyika yekwake. Hysterical nokukurumidza akadana mabasa emunyori "okupandukira." Humanist manzwisisire anosuwisa nemauto kusawirirana munyori zvakajeka haana nezvatakarerekera Goebbels dzematongerwe enyika hweNational Socialist, uyo akauya simba 30s muGermany. VaNazi vakati zvinyorwa ake "vakashaisa mweya yeGermany", uye Erich Mariya Handimupinduri aiva "muvengi Führer."

VaNazi, kunze zvoutsinye chavakagona vanoshora chokwadi vakavimbika raibuda raibuda pamusoro kutapwa vezera rake, mumwe yasakadzwa nehondo, mabhuku ake "anonyengera" pachena kupiswa. Writer, zvaisarudza vanotya, vakatama kuSwitzerland.

Makore 40 okutapwa ...

Pasinei zvachero rokuti kuenda kumwe munyori rakaenderana imwe kutsvaka nguva Mosesi "yakapikirwa nyika" vanhu vake? Remarque akazviratidza kunze yokumusha, kwete chete kuva munyori - mumwe Patriot, asi uyewo munyori - muzivi. Iye akanyora kuti: "Nguva haadi kuporesa ...".

Classic anoratidza zviri zvechokwadi German mweya enganonyorwa ake pose - mweya nevafungi, kwevanhu, vashandi, yakadzika rethinking dambudziko yokumusha kwake uye vomunyika yake. Chete mweya zvakazoita kutaura pashure pamusoro "chishamiso German" - akurumidze kumutsidzirwa munyika.

Kubva Switzerland, akatamira France, uye ipapo - kuna Mexico, ipapo - muUnited States. "Mubvakure" ake enganonyorwa - "Arc de Triomphe", "The Night mu Lisbon", "Ida muvakidzani wako" - vava iconic mumabhuku nyika. Vomunguva kunzwisisa zvinoti: Classics akanyora Remarque.

mabasa ake - "mamwe masoja Three", "Arc de Triomphe", "vakakwereta Life", "The Usiku Lisbon." "Black obelisk", "Nguva Chokurarama Nenguva Kufa" - vari kuzivikanwa uye filmed. The pfungwa zviri mazviri Remarque, uye arimo akakodzera.

Mumwe nomumwe Remarque kwakaita enganonyorwa vakakodzera yoga nyaya, asi tinokwanisa kunyora hwakadzama mumwe chete.

"Arc de Triomphe"

The nganonyorwa "Arc de Triomphe" Remarque zvakanyorwa panoperera Hondo Yenyika II muUnited States, uko iye vakatama. Nheyo ake - nyaya mubvakure German wechokwadi, Dr. Fresenburg kuti kunze akashandisa zita wenhema Ravik. Panguva iyoyowo, Remarque vakasikwa nomufananidzo chikuru hunhu yokufungidzira yakawanda pachako ...

Ichi - a gangaidzo bhuku, nekuti, pasinei nokuti ayo zvarongwa chinofukidza makore hondo reropa, ayo leitmotif aiva norudo. Rudo "haadi usapfuura ushamwari." In basa iri, aiona kwete manyorero nemunyori, - pane simba zvinoshamisa basa rake. History matarenda German chiremba Ravick zvisiri pamutemo kugara Paris uye sowakajeka iri kuvhiyiwa, kumanikidzwa nokuchengeta kuzivikanwa kwake havagoni kusiya vaverengi hanya, nokuti "anopedza upenyu hwake kumahotera zhinji", kuyeuka pre-hondo nyika, yaakanga anodana "akarasika paradhiso".

Ravick generality chifananidzo uye unhu kwayo munyori

Remarque akasika "Arc de Triomphe", kwete chete tichipa autobiographical chikuru hunhu husina. Kufanana Dr. Ravik, aisagona kurarama kwake chizvarwa Germany (Nazi yakabviswa chizvarwa). Sezvo akarwa muHondo Yenyika I. Sezvo protagonist pamusoro yokufungidzira, ndaiva murudo. Zvisinei, kuti mabhuku Zhoan Madu aiva kumumvuri zvikuru chaiye - Marlene Dietrich, uyo Remarque muna 1937 raiva rakajeka penyaya kwakaguma chete emunyori rufu muna 1970. Yaiva isingafadzi kudanana, nekuti Marlene haana kusikirwa kuti upenyu hwemhuri ... matarenda mashoko avo rudo munyori nyaya inoita vaverengi rangarira Remarque mashoko vachinakidzwa zvavo enhetembo uye kutobaya.

Chiizve racho rose ringakweva pamwe guru novelist German pamusoro XX remakore Dr. Ravick? Kuvenga nevaNazi. Munyaya, rimwe bhuku Wemabhonzo inouraya muParis Gestapo murwi Haake uye kurwadziswa dovedshy anoda wake kuzviuraya.

kuti kubatwa anosika ichi hunhu, munyori-musoja, munhu guillotined muGermany, waaida vakura Elfriede hanzvadzi Uninvented nomuvengi yaparadzwa munyika chaiyo zvikuru saizvozvo! "Udyire" kutanga kunzwa kutsiva mupfungwa Ravick, nokuda kufungisisa, kwave ne chido "kuzomutsidzirazve hondo." Izvi zvinogona kunzwisiswa, kuverenga akatorwa Remarque pamusoro hondo, pamusoro chiremera hwevanhu.

"Arch of Triumph" - munhu itsva rakadzika, kwouzivi

Chiizve kunounza mabhuku mufananidzo yayo musiki? Inner Musimboti, izvo zvinoita kwete chete kuti vapukunyuke nguva hosha Fascism shava, asiwo kuva Pfungwa vavengi misanthropic dzidziso. Maonero ake akananga Fascism Remarque haadi kutaura zvakananga. Nokuti iye ndiye - "jails", "yakagwamba nechando chiso anourayirwa kutenda shamwari," "Petrified gomo mupenyu". Asi zviri pachena zvinoonekwa kuburikidza nemashoko hunhu wake dzimwe nguva kufumura, uye dzimwe nguva yokutsoropodza.. Kana the artist - munhu bhurasho Kurohwa - kunoita muverengi kuti rethinking inokosha ye "denda mashava".

Kwokusafunga nezvebasa mabhuku muupenyu

Hapana pamberi pake, kana pashure haana kunyora mabhuku kudaro nomwoyo wose. Pashure pezvose, nokuti munhu ari pariah, murume mubvakure aya "cubic akakora kuti nokuipisa noutsi hwemvura hana" kakawanda vaiva shamwari chete dzepedyo. Uye Remarque, uye Dr. Ravik zvakasikwa naye, ari kure ake yechizvarigo, kuwana nzira yokubudisa mweya kuverenga mabhuku. How yakarurama prices Remarque pamusoro pavo, shamwari dzechokwadi uye nemakurukota nokuda murefu mweya, chisingaoneki zvisikwa womunhu shasha!

Aifarira okugadzira zvinhu varpu, Dostoevsky, Goethe, Thomas Mann. Chokwadi, regai kuuya mabhuku pauzivi uye yakanaka dzenhoroondo mabhuku mamwe mashoko pachishandiswa subsistence. Zvisinei, zviri kupinda anonyora German Classic pamusoro XX remakore, ivo asike mweya womunhu ane sezvisingakundiki chipingamupinyi zvakaipa, kwete kupa ichi chinhu rima kupinda hwake.

Mufananidzo munyori mu "Arc de Triomphe"

About yemunyori upenyu nzvimbo shoko anotora Remarque. "Arc de Triomphe ... munharaunda yake nokudzivirira rinda Unknown Musoja," anoita somunhu Europe wide chiratidzo rugare uye isimbe. It kunonzwisiswa somunhu mhando huru kwebhokisi kuti akapona nokuparara Napoleon uye iyo inofanira vapukunyuke kukundikana Hitler. The chaizvo chete yokufungidzira uri rwiyo kune European maonero enyika akavakirwa parudo uye tsika dzevanhu: pfungwa individualism, kushivirirana, kutsoropodza kupangidza chokwadi, kuda kuita nhaurirano.

Pasinei chokwadi kuti Dr. Ravik, anogara Paris pamusoro ndokugadzira mapepa, unotambudzika nezvaaishayiwa - asina zvachose kwedzimba, kwete atanga mhuri nevana - haasi shungu, pfungwa dzake uye zvaanoita zviri pachena. Akatevera hana yake, rave kubatsira vanhu vari mumamiriro ezvinhu aya, apo rakabudirira zvikuru vashandi kuratidza udyire uye chokutozvikudza.

High undere muchivande upenyu anogara segwapa pachake Remarque. Iye, kufanana Mother Teresa, akaedza kubatsira munhu wose. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mukadzi wandinoshanda naye Hans Erich Sohachevera nyore anodzivirira mumba make ... mabasa ake akanga ari kudiwa uye muuye Tangai, iye chaizvoizvo akapedza zvose pamusoro mari rubatsiro vomunyika yake - vaitsoropodza.

Kurasikirwa kukuru Munyori kuti kurasikirwa shamwari yake - munhu wenhau German Feliksa Mendelsona, uyo akaurayiwa paruzhinji, masikati ne Nazi nevamiririri.

Ndiye mweya vachirwara vomunyika yake, kunyanya avo vari kuFrance. Mushure basa munyika neGermany kuti vakawanda vavo yakaguma mumusasa wevasungwa uye rufu ... Zvichida ndokusaka ari muduku chitsamba Remarque kupfuura Zvinosiririsa anopedzisa yokufungidzira ake. Iye anofa kubva pena pamusoro mutambi godo dzinopikisana uye zvechikadzi Joan. Mauto eGermany vakayambuka muganhu uye pedyo guru French. Ravik anoita somunhu fatalist - Police anofanira, panzvimbo, kuvanza ...

Pachishandiswa muvambi chaiye kuitika Paris 30th

Zvaisazova, kutaura "Arc de Triomphe", asi cherechedza zvayo zvinoyevedza uye munhoroondo ukoshi. Kuriverenga, sezvinoita kusvetukira mukati mumhepo, pre-hondo ... On hunokosha mufananidzo Paris, kujairika kurarama upenyu hwomutambarakede, sokunge kuti inertia, narrate anotora Remarque. "Arc de Triomphe" riri pamusoro hanya nzanga French. The fragility izvi zvinhu pachena.

Yokufananidzira rondedzero guru French iri pfungwa pamusoro vaverengi zvivako zviviri - the Arc de Triomphe uye rinda Unknown Soldier.

mhedziso

Reader munharaunda ine zviso zhinji ... Tiri zvakasiyana chaizvo: varombo nevapfumi, vanobudirira uye kutamburira kuti kuvapo, achiona nyika mavara akajeka uye kuratidza nayo noruvara pfumbu. Saka chii tine pakudini?

Ndinoda kuti, bvunza mubvunzo uyu, vaverengi vakawana mhinduro dzekare mabhuku, achirangarira dzimwe akatorwa ... Erih Handimupinduri, ari nomuzvarirwo individualistic, anenge enganonyorwa ake ose, zvakanga aikwezva kunzanga yevanhu. Uye mukuru kunokosha mafungiro munyori, vanofanira kuva norudo, ushamwari, kuvimbika, undere. Munhu ane unhu uhwu, nguva rinounza chiedza chiduku nyika umo iye mupenyu.

Zvisinei, izvi hazvina kukwana. Nokuti "Pasipoti" (.. Ie citizenship), maererano Remarque, anopa munhu chete kodzero - kuti vafe nenzara, "kwete kugara pamusoro run." Naizvozvo, zvinokoshawo kuti kuva nyanzvi mumabhizimisi akasarudzwa.

izvi unhu zvose yokusafa mabhuku magamba Remarque.