Satellite pamusoro Mars - kutya?

Mars, mwari unobereka zita hondo, ane satellites pamwe yakakodzera zita: Deimos (mushanduro - "chinokatyamadza") uye Phobos ( "kutya"). Kufarira ndiyo iri Satellite wokutanga pakati Mars, masayendisiti kufarira 70-s remakore rapfuura. Zvekungofungira akaisa mberi nezvekwakabva mukanyiwa, vanokodzera, kanenge, rinokosha bhuku "la ingano"). Nditongerei woga ...

Space madenderedzwa ari US uye yaimbova Soviet Union vanoti Phobos, Satellite pamusoro Mars, chinhu kupfuura sechinhu chakagadzirwa chinhu, nzvimbo kurwa chiteshi, uchigara pamusoro akafa dzvuku nyika, sezvo zvinotyisa chiyeuchidzo aimbova chakaitika nzvimbo hondo.

The pfungwa akaiswa mberi mushure zvidzidzo pamusoro Phobos rokutanga panguva imwecheteyo, muna 70 American tsvakurudzo dzaishandiswa pasi zita "Viking". Musi vakawana mifananidzo hanya hapana akabhadhara. Pakutanga handina kubhadhara ... mubereko Chii chaigona kupa bundu pakuderedza mu dhayamita? Km 28 chete? Maererano gallakticheskim mitemo Satellite iyi Mars yaive kuzviuru ane tsanga jecha. Asi pashure uwane kudzidza yakazaruka zvikamu, izvo zvakakonzera kushamisika pakati pavanhu masayendisiti. Muganhu Photographic chisarudzo akabvumira funga ... ngetani craters. Uyezve, cheni akatambanudza maviri akashambidzika, kururamisa pemitsara. Vanodzidza nezvenyeredzi anonzi kuputika basa iri rokutanga, paaitaura muenzaniso mwedzi. Satellites, maererano nepfungwa dzavo, craters mitsetse vatiitire dzakafanana kutenderera mapuraneti. Asi Phobos zvekungofungira akapikisa categorically, kuburikidza craters dzayo dziri zvinenge perpendicular kuti kutiza nzira Satellite.

Mumwe naka dzidziso chikatsiviwa mumwe. Vokutanga vakasarudza kuti Satellite zvinobvira kuputika basa, asi ichi sokudaro: Phobos hukuru vari kunyora nezvavo! Zvino akaita zvinotevera kubvuma: asi Satellite yakasvikondinaya ne meteorites. Asi kwatiswededza nesimba zvavaidzidza vachiwira saka neatly, achiumba rovnenkie cheni?

Satellite pamusoro Mars akavhomora pfungwa Iosifa Shklovskogo, Soviet astrophysicist, uyo akasarudza kuita Masvomhu pakati Phobos inofamba. Kwaiva kutsanya, kukurumidza rino zuva - nhatu dzizere majana racho muchadenga! ayo kutenderera nokumhanya yakanga yakakwirira zvikuru kupfuura mwero Mars. Zvinotevera kubvuma haana shoma tarenda: kuchengetedza kumhanya Phobos ... zvinofanira kuva mhango. Ko chaizvoizvo yaiva nzvimbo chiteshi?

Nechekare pakupera kwezana 90s, fungidziro ichi rave yakakamurwa uye Air Force Colonel Marina Popovich. Tenda kuti Phobos - chakagadzirwa Satellite, iye akamanikidzwa pakarepo Classified umboo kubva mudziyo "Phobos-2", kuva Soviet Union. Kuona date izvi zvakanga zvakaoma - kutaurirana dzakabatsira murume wake Paul.

Zvino vanhu vashoma kurangarira pakuparurwa mano maviri mazita akafanana "Phobos-1" analoginen "Phobos-2". Wekutanga haana nendege Mars pamusana petsaona, apo wechipiri asvika chinangwa, asi pamberi rapprochement chete Satellite kubatana pakarepo kuvhiringidzwa. Zvisinei, imwe mifananidzo shoma kuti vakakwanisa zvose. Mumwe photos kwakaitwa pachena nokuda vezvenhau uye akava vanhuwo pfuma. Zvakanga zviri pachena zvinoonekwa elliptical mumvuri akakanda pamusoro pemvura Mars. Pane kubvuma kuti akanga ari chaizvo Phobos, Mars Satellite. Asi shoko "mumvuri" akaita dzimwe nyanzvi chokwadi achinyemwerera, nokuti mumvuri wakanga zvakakwana distinguishable nokuda ane michini kamera riri mudziyo. Yakaiswa akakunda pamberi chafariz zvinhu. Asi, nokuda tsanangudzo, noushamwari mumvuri havangagoni kuva. Zvino chaiva chii?

Asi wechipiri (zvakavanzika) mufananidzo rwaiwanikwa pakarepo pamberi kubatana kurasikirwa. Yakanga mufananidzo hofori cylindrical chinhu yakarembera pemvura Phobos. Dimensions chaizvoizvo kutuswa: 1.5? Km mu dhayamita uye 20 km refu! Marina Popovich akafunga chii chinhu chakaparadzwa, "Phobos-2", kudzivisa mukana Satellite zvidzidzo. Zvino panguva chaiyo apo muchina yakanga itangezve gauges pamusoro pechiso Phobos.

Chimwe kusimbisa kuti munhu ari vairamba chacho kudzidza, zvakanga muna 1993. Nokuti vamwe chikonzero, musi waAugust 22 wegore iroro, pakarepo kurega nhepfenyuro panorumwe, American midziyo "Mars Observer", yaiva iri muchadenga yepasi Mars. Satellites havana kudzidza.

Ndokuguma kukundikana, uye kuedza rapera kuti nokuparura "Phobos-chigomero".

Zvichida muchinjikwa mbidzwa nguva kutsvakurudza. Asi pane tariro yakaderera bhajeti NASA kuti "Mars Global pachivakwa" uye "Mars Atfaynder" anoumba zvakawanda mepu Mars. Zvisinei, havana vatanga kudzidza Phobos. Chii ichi? Mashura? Kana United States ine mashoko kuti uchimanikidza rurege tsvakurudzo?

Kune dzimwe shanduro kwakabva satellites: Phobos uye Deimos chingava mugumisiro yepasi pose dambudziko. Asteroids zvimwe yakawira muchadenga pamusoro Mars uye akaramba ari munhu rinokweva munda. Kana pamwe, Phobos chikamu Mars? Asi kutora kupfuura rimwe achangobuda shanduro zvakakodzera zvinomuomera kuikanganwa zvose zvapfuura shanduro mashoko uye ...