Sei uye kupi manwiwa akure?

Tose tinoziva pamusoro rinokosha zvakanakira michero uye michero, izvo ripen muzhizha uye mangwanani kwematsutso. Havagoni chete zvaparadzwa mbishi chimiro, asiwo kuti musha-yakaitwa. Mazuva ano nyaya tichakurukura kupi manwiwa vanokura uye kuti zvibereko izvi vanoongwa.

Nhoroondo Pfupi

Home kuti mitsetse iyi zvinozipa michero vanoonekwa kuti Africa. Maererano vakawanda botanists, muzinda mavambo ndiye Desert Kalahari. Mundima ino, uye kusvikira nhasi pane dzomusango mumatenhere michero.

Avo vasingazivi nzvimbo manwiwa kukura, vachashamiswa paakaziva kuti ano kukudziridzwa michero yakasiyana chaizvo kubva avo zvaizivikanwa zviuru zvina apfuura. Mumazuva iwayo vakanga shungu muzvavanoda kukura kusvika bhuratifuru. Around 2000 BC, michero yakatanga yakawanikwa nevaIjipiti vekare, vakanga vava kushingaira vachikwidziridza nayo.

On muganhu Russia visi wakabva India pamusoro 8-10 remakore. Pakutanga, zvakatanga kukura Volga nharaunda, asi kune XVII remakore yava kupararira kune dzimwe nzvimbo munyika.

ehupfumi chinokosha michero

Vaya vanoda kunzwisisa kupi manwiwa vachikura, zvichaita zvinofadza kuziva zvavari anobatsira. Chokutanga, mudumbu ichi optimizes zvomudumbu hurongwa. Zviri zvayo pulp faibha kunoita kushingaira kukura microflora kunobatsira.

Watermelon mumwe vanonyanya kupa alkaline yomuchipatara hunodiwa kuti neutralize zvakawandisa asidhi kupinda munhu muviri, pamwechete nechingwa, nyama, hove uye mazai. Mashoko ari zvibereko folic asidhi kunobatsira kubvisa zvemwoyo chirwere uye ari kushingaira zvinobatanidzwa Pfungwa pamusoro amino acids. Uyezve, pulp mupfumi munyu visi simbi. Saka, Zvinokurudzirwa kuti vanhu vanotambura kubva kupererwa neropa.

Apo manwiwa akure?

MuRussia, musi muindasitiri pamwero vari cultured muna Volga nharaunda uye Southern Urals. Astrakhan uye Volgograd vise vachengeti pamusoro kwenguva yakareba kugona kusarudza pakati nharaunda idzi mbiri kodzero kunzi National visi guru. Gakava kwakagadziriswa anoverengeka apfuura. Kuguma kwegakava akaisa musoro Bazi Agriculture Aleksey Gordeev. Ndiye akasaina chirevo pasi iyo Russia aiva Astrakhan nharaunda ichikura muzinda bheri ichi.

Vaya vanoda kunzwisisa kupi manwiwa vachikura munyika, zvichava zvichifadza, kuti rabha dzavo vari munyika dzakawanda vaine ushamwari mumamirire ekunze. Kurimwa muchero uyu kare vaiita vagari Thailand, Greece, Ijipiti uye Spain.

Zvibereko shora nenyama

In chitarisiko vari chaizvo zvakafanana zvavo visi. Musiyano chete ndiye kuvapo ruvara rima uye zvisungo havaratidzi kunorondedzerwa. Dzimwe nguva pamusika kuona zvizere yeyero michero. Nyama ruvara kunooneka chainaka. bheri Izvi zvinobatsira chaizvo kuti utano hwevanhu, asi rine zvishoma shuga.

Avo vasingazivi pane tsvuku manwiwa, achaita shamisika mumvuri chii michero nokuda pamberi carotenoids, chokwadi kufurira intercellular exchange. Uyewo chechienzi Hue pulp nezvi- vhitamini A, simbi, ascorbic acid, calcium faibha. With yakadaro inofadza Zvinoumba yero visi kunotibatsira kuvandudza chiratidzo, kusimbisa zvirwere, kuvandudza mamiriro bvudzi, nembambo uye mapfupa.

Mumwedzi muchirimo dzakawanda kunyika European dziri akura kumativi tsvuku visi. Vagari Asian kukohwa oblong zvibereko chando. Russia rave akauya pachako siyana ayo, rinonzi Lunar. munuhwi Its wakafanana nowenyika zvibereko kakawanda (ndimu, vise uye yekotapeya). The kupfuura dzakawanda yecocoa iyi kujairika michero dziri muna Astrakhan.

Kukura visi mu greenhouses

Kuvaka chivako umo kuti kufambirana muchero, Zvinokurudzirwa muchirimo mangwanani. Nguva yakanakisisa kudzidzisa runoonekwa kuva girinihausi muna March naApril.

Kunzwisisa kupi kura manwiwa, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti varege kudyarwa hapana kwokutanga pane kuguma May. Mibhedha igadzikwe pamwe madziro girinihausi. Noupamhi mumwe musara havachiri kupfuura makumi masere masendimita. Zvakakosha kuva nechokwadi chokuti pakati dzakavakidzana miti yaiva kure mumwe mita.

Asati kudyara zvakafanira kugadzirira ivhu zvakanaka. Nokuti chinangwa ichi nayo nourume pamwe Ammonium sulphate, manyowa, potassium munyu, peat uye superphosphate. Mumazuva gumi ari girinihausi mhepo tembiricha wokutanga haafaniri kupfuudza madhigirii matatu.

Kuberekesa hanya muchero

Kubva nguva apo chiwepu ndokukura makumi maviri namashanu masendimita, zvakakodzera isa fotereza. Wokutanga pamusoro kupfeka kunofanira kuva mullein kana huku mupfudze. Wechipiri rinoitwa pamwe Ammonium nitrate. Zviite chete vasati yotunga. Rwechitatu isa fotereza miti pamberi paumbwe ovaries. To ichi, mhinduro zvinosanganisira mullein (1: 6) kana huku mupfudze (1:10).

Nokuti vaya munotoziva kupi manwiwa vachikura, zvichava zvichifadza kuziva kuti kudiridzwa kwavo kushandisa chete mvura inodziya. Zvakakosha kuti panoparadzana mwoyo ivhu, pane kuburikidza mashizha kana madzinde. Anodiridza miti inokurudzirwa pashure zvokudya.

Kuti akwezve pollinating zvipembenene zvinogona sprayed pamwe kugadzirisa zviri yecocoa nemhaka uchi kana shuga. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, izvi zviri kuitwa manually. Mukume akatorwa kubva hono ruva iri kune munhukadzi.

Musi iwoyo chirimwa inofanira kuva kupfuura matanhatu ovaries. Dzokubatanidza manwiwa vanogona kushandisa waya trellis. Ivo kukweva kure anenge hafu mita kunze. Kana hunde rinosvika makumi mana masendimita pakureba, zviri akasungirirwa trellis. matavi avo uye ovary, riri pazasi, Zvinokurudzirwa kuchenesa. The muchero, nomuapuri yakura makuru hukuru, kukodzera kupinda afoot uye dzakabatanidzwa kudunhu waya.

Zvakakosha kuti nguva fefetedza inokudza iyo vakura manwiwa. Zvikasadaro, yakakwirira mwando anogona kukonzera zvirwere zvakasiyana-siyana zvinomera. Kukohwa inokurudzirwa kuita papera mazuva mana pashure rokupedzisira achidiridzira.