Semenovskaya matryoshka: kare, rondedzero uye siginicha. Semenov tenzi akapendwa nesting nezvidhori 1600

Semenovskaya matryoshka - vakanzwa zita basa iri uri zvose rangarira pamba Khokhloma kupenda, tenzi pamakwenzi unyanzvi mhizha huni kuvesa. Pakutanga matryoshka haana kutanga vatenzi zvose, asi nokusingaperi midzi muna chevarwere rwokugadzira muguta Semenov pakati Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Toy kwakasiyana runako uye nemamwe mavara.

Semenovskaya matryoshka - kumwe yakasiyana uye chinonyanya kucherechedzwa zviratidzo Russia. Chaioneka chirangaridzo ichi pakupera yacho XIX remakore, kana munyika kare, zvachinja zvikuru akanyatsosiyana, kuchinja tsika yevanhu Russian. Zvinonzi vachiita nguva "necheSalvic kwemanyorero" panguva ino. Zvisinei, The kufarira yakaisvonaka Arts itsva, akararamazve kuti ounyanzvi yekare.

Chii chinonzi nesting mudhori?

Kana ukaedza kupa tsanangudzo wokutamba ichi, uchati zvakada: Matryoshka - Russian yemapuranga mudhori, mukati zviri midzi saizvozvo, vakasiyana mumwe pakukura uye kupenda, akadai matryoshka nezvidhori.

The chitoyi yokutanga hwakadaro repuranga chaipiwa vanhu vari muchimiro vasere interlaces nevasikana - Vakomana, vakanga vakabata mumaoko avo dema jongwe saka diki tsyplyatok, uye wokupedzisira, ruduku, akaitwa muchimiro mwana akaputirwa. are All masere ainyorwa inopenya pendi mavara pamwe zvavo motifs. Ini kucheka wokutanga matryoshka Master Toy VP Zvezdochkin uye dzakapendwa ne SV Malyutin.

History chokusika

Kuumba mabasa uri "National manyorerwo", inonyatsozivikanwa vemifananidzo, cabinetmakers, uye kazhinji vakaripira vashandi vakatora nzwisa matoyi vamwe vanhu. Pane fashoni yose Japanese, nokuti specimens yokuMabvazuva makanaka runhare panguva mubereko mukuru. Zvadaro, uye akaendeswa kunyika yedu tateguru Russian nesting nezvidhori.

Kubva Japan guta Honshu akaunzwa figurine ane muBhudha somuzivi - Fukurumu mukati izvo anoverengeka chete, kukura chete duku vakanga paakapiwa. Most kunakidza ndechokuti ichi noumhizha wokutanga akaveza munhu Russian mumongi, chishamiso ukabatwa pazvitsuwa Japan.

Maererano nevanyori venhau dzakaitika, Semyonov matryoshka, vane nhoroondo kunotanga remakore rechi19, akasikwa nomufananidzo Fukurumu, yakanga mufananidzo wake rava muenzaniso nematoyi Russian.

Chirevo

Semenovskaya matryoshka - chiratidzo amai, simba uye mukadzi utano. The mudhori, izvo anotakura mhuri yose, zvakare chiratidzo chokubereka.

Female - mubereki, vemba. Amai vaifanira kushanda zvakaoma kutarisira vana, kutarisira kwavo zvokudya, nokuti zvinodiwa maoko simba uye utano, izvo ndokusaka Semyonov nesting mudhori vanotarisa saka zvakanaka yakakodzwa uye vachiita.

Nested are dzinofananidzira simba mhuri, Kutsigirana pedyo pakunamata.

Nei zita "matryoshka"

Tsanangura zita matoyi Russian zvingaitwa nokuongorora vose dzinotevera. Matryoshka, Matrona, Matryosha - pamudzi weshoko iri Latin mavambo. Mai Latin chaizvoizvo anoshandura se "mai", zvinofadza kuti vamwe zvinoreva shoko haadaro.

Matryoshka - rinobva zita Mary, Manya, Marie. Ichi unoshandiswa zvikuru zita nokuda Slavs nguva dzose.

Matryoshka - Zita muBhudha mwarikadzi Matri.

Nokusingaperi munhau

At the World Exhibition kuParis muna 1900 Russian matryoshka yakahwina kugamuchirwa nokudenga, pashure iyo kwayo kugadzirwa akakwira mugomo, sezvo kudiwa kwakawedzera kakawanda. And Semenov - guta emapuranga zvigadzirwa - akatanga kuita matkamuistoja itsva. Semenovskaya matryoshka, nhoroondo yokusika rakanga uchangotanga, razova zvikuru nevanhu, sezvo mhizha omunharaunda kunge nyore kutevedzera ruzivo mukugadzira matoyi emapuranga, wakapedzeredzwa kwezvinhu zvinoshandiswa mavara yakajeka kupenda.

Pakutanga, tenzi ngaakuyire, uye ipapo kupendwa nezvidhori kumba, ipapo mu okudhindira, uye vakazotanga kushanda panguva fekitari, mukuzadzikisa mirairo makuru.

Semenov akadana "guru Lozhkarev" Russia uye nesting nezvidhori havana munzvimbo yokutanga kugadzirwa emapuranga zvigadzirwa. Vakanga vakaita kubva kutambisa nezvirongo zvakaitwa. Nokufamba kwenguva, vaigamuchira kubva Suburban vanatenzi ruzivo mukugadzira Russian nested nezvidhori, mhizha veko akaita dzavo maitiro zviri pamufananidzo Semyonov nesting mudhori. Mufananidzo rakajeka toyi anova kucherechedzwa, zviri kuwedzera kukurumbira kwete chete kuRussia asiwo kwose.

Birth matoyi

Akazvarwa yokutanga Semyonov nesting mudhori, iyo inotiudza okusika munyaya iri Semenov muruwa mumusha Old Vatendi - Merinova Nizhny Novgorod nharaunda. Vazhinji vagari Merinova chichiwanikwa apo kutengesa midziyo emapuranga, mabhokisi patsanurika maumbirwo siyana, ikabereka hwekutengeserana asina musoro kutendeukira matoyi, uye ipapo nested nezvidhori.

Nechekare muna 1929, nesting nezvidhori vakanga kugadzirwa enderana Semenovskiy Style - chaiwo painting, imwe chimiro, munzira Zavolzhsky emapuranga unyanzvi. tenzi-Toy wokutanga, uyo akaita nezvidhori ava Vaginas dangwe mhizha merinovskie. are yavo yokutanga dzakaitwa pamusoro muenzaniso iwoyo matoyi ose Nizhny Novgorod - Bearded pamwe mustaches hongu vatana.

Chimwe tenzi merinovsky - Toy Mayorov, akauya kumba chete mudhori kubva Nizhny Novgorod, chete kuti yaiva isina goko, zvose mukati nokunze. Mwanasikana mukuru tenzi vakarondedzera mudhori wake pedyo nawo Russian sundress inopenya nemaruva matsvuku pamusoro epuroni, "kupfeka" wake musoro rakajeka kokoshnik. Uye ainyorwa mu merinovski nezvidhori, zvakanaka, pamwe chete merinovskoy kupenda azviratidza uye rinokosha toyi ichi. Saka akaberekwa ari Chiitiko Semyonov nesting mudhori.

Pamwe chete navo, Semenov muchikuya vazhinji nevamwe emapuranga Amusements. Artists akapendwa zvose zvakafanana manyorerwo Khokhloma kupenda. Mifananidzo pemvura emapuranga zvigadzirwa vaiva pakutanga vari nyore, asi pakupedzisira chishongo zvine inopenya mavara, zvikuru kunzwisisa okunze, akawedzera mamwe muriwo avaiita. Semenovskaya yemapuranga matryoshka akava akanaka chaizvo uye mavara.

Sezvo vakaita nesting nezvidhori

Matryoshka - mudhori riri pamhango mukati. Nechekare zvinoita here vanoshamisika pamusoro unyanzvi zvikuru mhizha, zvine. Nested mudhori mabhizimisi zvakaoma chaizvo, zvinoda kwazvo unyanzvi uye mwoyo murefu. Kwete ose mhando yematanda zvakakodzera mukugadzira, saka pakusarudza tenzi huni zvakakomba zvikuru. Kazhinji kushandisa matombo sezvo Birch, Linden, Aspen, dzimwe nguva ndiwo alder. A muti watemwa mukupera yechando kana mangwanani yechirimo. Sarudzai mudhiramu mvere, pasina change, iyo zvino sawn kupinda matanda akawanda, uye zvino bvisa omuti uye muti haangavi kutsemuka kana chakaoma, kumicheto vari akazorwa nevhu. Mushure chekuchengeta matanda ari zvakanaka ventilated nzvimbo yakaoma, asi regai desiccate nguva refu. "Tree zvindori - zviri zvatinoda!" - anodaro tenzi, uye kunyange achaongorora kuti munhuwi. Yakarurama uye unyanzvi kufamba iye kukuya zvandinenge Maumbirwe chigadzirwa, wokutanga chaizvo matryoshka kunoita duku. Finished machine psac nhamba sanded, primed uye yakabwinyiswa. Chete ipapo kutanga kupenda pamusoro, uchishandisa gouache, Watercolour, acrylic kana mafuta pendi.

Marvellous runako kupenda

Semenov akapendwa nesting nezvidhori kwakaitwa yakakurumbira Semenovskiy Khokhloma manyorerwo akashandisa hwezvaizoitika zvinhu uye motifs weRussia yekare. Kuti zvekunze decoration zvinhu zvinoita basa rinokosha iri kugadzirwa matkamuistoja.

The are vokutanga vakaitwa kuti murimi mudiki vana, saka vane mwero kupendwa mapatani. Aine wakarodzwa hanzi munhenga Artists kureva contours chiso uye nguo, uye ipapo vose okunze ainyorwa pamwe aniline madhayi inopenya noruvara rutsvuku, naka, zvitema, girini nomutsvuku mavara. Hwaro Semyonov nested mudhori kupenda - huru inopenya mavara, zvikamu pamwe pock, madenderedzwa, uta, maruva zvishoma. Above akapendwa matreshkas vakashandisa paiva wakisi, lacquer vakazonzi kushandisa.

Izvi zvinoshanda kutsika nesting nezvidhori Semenov, apo pamusoro nguva akatanga kuonekwa chirangaridzo nezvidhori iri mufashoni "Russian kwemanyorero", vane silhouettes azara munhoroondo ( "Taras Bulba", "Napoleon", "Kutuzov"). Vanowanzosarurwa nesting nezvidhori vakava unhu akakurumbira yamadzimambo mhuri ( "Mhuri Romanov"), kuti boyars, vanyori ( "Gogol", "Pushkin", "Nemapapiro") uye magamba nyaya dzavo uye dzechembere ( "The Gomarara", "Gingerbread").

Folk nhaka nyika

Nokuti vazhinji Semenov nested mudhori uri akava nhaka chinhu. Semenov zvitoro, toyi norwonzi uye pamwe vakabatana fekitari rimwe. Muna 1954 pakava vagari pamwe "Toy", iyo kurongwazve kuva fekitari kare muna 1960. Kubva ichi pfungwa iri ndiro kugadzirwa multi-nesting nezvidhori, zvidhori zvakaitwa kubva 18, 25 nested nezvidhori. Vazhinji-nested nezvidhori vakasikwa zviitiko dzakakurumbira uye misi makuru.

Semenov tenzi akapendwa nesting nezvidhori 1600

Unique kupenda Semyonov matryoshka akacherechedza nanhasi. Original matkamuistoja "Semenovskaya kupenda" fekitari chokukukatyamadzai musanganiswa kwayo. Recently Semenov tenzi kupendwa muna 1600 pamusoro nezvidhori, asi havaregi. Somunhu chirangaridzo, toyi ichi kwagara uye richava kwazvo chipo pamusoro nharaunda nyika yedu, uye kunze. Izvi zvinoratidza yemarudzi kukurumbira wokuRussia nesting nezvidhori.