Shoko pamwe suffix "Chik": mitemo uye kunyora mienzaniso

Chii Mashoko suffixed -chik-, -schik- munoziva? Pindura mubvunzo uyu ndichazvirumbidza anenge munhu wose. Kunyange zvazvo pane dzimwe vanhu vari kuvhiringidzika panovira morpheme Data. Munyaya iyi, nyaya pasi, takasarudza ndimutsaurire iyo nyaya.

tsananguro

Nouns pamwe suffix -chik- inowanzoshandiswa tsamba imwe morpheme sezvo -schik-. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi ndicho chikanganiso chakakomba. Handiti, pane wakaoma mutemo mutauro Russian, izvo zvakananga inoratidza tsamba "f" rinofanira kunyorwa Chero zvazvingava, uye umo - "U".

Features suffix

How kunyora uye vachiti, "perepisschik" kana "munyori"? Haasi wose anoziva mhinduro yechokwadi kumubvunzo uyu. Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vanoti yakadaro lexical chikwata ane -chik- suffix. Somugumisiro, vaifanira zvakarurama kunyora "munyori." Kunyange zvazvo panguva madudzirwo zvakakodzera chete kushandisa pfungwa yokutanga.

The chikuru Kutonga

Sezvaunogona kuona, -chik- suffix uye suffix -schik- zvinogona kukonzera zvikuru nyore yakawanda chokwadi kunyora kwavo mundima. Ndokusaka nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kuyeuka mitemo mutauro Russian, izvo anotsanangura kusarudza imwe morpheme. Nokuti vaya vasingazivi, ngationei fungidzira iko zvino.

Kana hunde kuti emazita vachipedzisira nemavara, akadai "t", "g", "d", "c" uye "z", pashure vari kunodiwa kunyora chete suffix -chik-. Kuitira kuti mutemo uyu zvava pachena, ipai munhu yokufananidzira mienzaniso mishomanana:

• muturikiri;
• vezvikepe;
• puramba;
• hawkers;
• Carrier;
• narrator;
• newspaperman;
• rangers;
• Teamsters;
• mukopi;
• Cab vatyairi;
• rangers;
• defectors;
• vatakuri;
• Machine murwi;
• mushandi wemubhawa;
• pereskaZchik;
• masikautsi;
• carvers;
• greaser;
• neherikoputa mutyairi wendege;
• vatengi;
• bookbinder;
• vemikova;
• loaders;
• haulers;
• zvinotakura uye zvichingodaro.

Sezvaunogona kuona, vakawanda vakaisawo shoko nokuda ichi kana kuti basa. Pamwe suffix -chik- akashandisa lexical dzakabatana zvokuti zvinoumba mazita vanhu ndeve imwe nzvimbo dzokugara uye nyika.

Zvakakosha kurangarira

Zvino, imi munoziva, chii mashoko pamwe suffix -chik- mumutauro Russian (mienzaniso mashoko akaratidzwa pamusoro). Zvisinei, munhu anofanira kuziva kwete chete pamusoro mutemo kuti zvakarurama chiperengo akati lexical dzakabatana. Pashure pezvose, zvikuru vazhinji vanhu vanoita zvikanganiso akadai:

• kuparadzirwa -chik- + suffix achava "razdachchik";
• -chik- tavern + suffix achava "kabakchik";
• kuchera + suffix achaita -chik- "dobychchik" uye zvichingodaro.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi ndicho chakaipa shoko inotungamirwa. Zvisinei, nokuda ichi mumutauro wokuRussia ane yoga ushe, iyo inoti sezvinotevera: pamberi suffix -chik- tsamba se "p", "K" uye "AND ch" inotsiviwa ne tsamba "t". Heuno muenzaniso wakajeka:

• Goverai + -chik- suffix achava "Distributor";
• Kabakov -chik- + suffix achava "muteresi";
• -chik- kuchera + suffix achava "getters" uye zvichingodaro.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, akaisa suffix -schik-?

Zvino munoziva kuti mune zvimwe zviitiko zvinokosha kunyora shoko pamwe suffix -chik-. Zvisinei, mumutauro wokuRussia vari zvakajairika, uye vakadaro lexical zviyero, dzinoshandisa morpheme -schik-. Sezvaiitwa yapfuura nyaya, mumwe suffix anogona kuiswa mazita emazita kuti dzinoumba zita varume vane ichi kana kuti basa, vanoita mamwe mabasa, uyewo kuva chero rupi kana nzvimbo yokugara.

Uyewo -schik- morpheme zvakanyorwa chiitiko kuti hwaro pazita kunoguma mune dzimwe kupfuura vyshepredstavlennyh ( "t", "g", "d", "c" uye "z") vamwe nemavara. Heuno muenzaniso wakajeka:

• honzeri;
• nharo;
• Compositor;
• ari payer;
• reinsurer;
• Cement;
• munyengeri;
• Chakabva;
• ndiri weredha;
• muridzi wengoma;
• mutariri;
• roja;
• Sawyer;
• glazier;
• wemukova;
• Driller;
• waipfuura;
• Mason;
• nemuteresi;
• Collier;
• Roofer;
• turera;
• Packer;
• polisher;
• mufudzi;
• planer;
• lamplighter, uye zvichingodaro.

mashoko Foreign

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, shoko pamwe suffix -chik- yakanyorwa kana imwe pazita hunde kunoguma zvinotevera tsamba: "t", "g", "d", "c" uye "z". Zvadaro Anoteterera mubvunzo kuti nei dzimwe dzakabatana lexical vakashandisa morpheme -schik-, kunyange kana ine hwaro pakuguma tsamba "T". Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti ichi hachisi shoko-kunze, uye chete mutauro chimiro.

Saka, vamwe zvinhu lexical kuti Apfuura mumutauro wokuRussia ane mutauro wokumwe, inogona kuumbwa nokuwedzera kuti suffix -schik-, kunyange kana pakupera tsamba "t" ari pazita inomira. Asi ichi ndicho chete zvazviri kana mutauro shoko kunoguma zviviri nemavara. Heuno muenzaniso wakajeka:

• Percentage - percenter;
• Asphalt - asfaltSchIK nevamwe.

"Soft chiratidzo" Ndinofanira kuisa?

On kana yakanyorwa shoko pamwe suffix -chik-, uye kana suffix -schik-, takazoziva. Zvisinei, panguva yokunyorwa emazita kazhinji chinovapo mubvunzo: kana kuisa pasi nyoro chiratidzo pamberi morpheme -schik-? Pashure pezvose, zvikuru vazhinji vanhu kazhinji kunyora mashoko anounzwa sezvinotevera:

• zachinschik;
• betonschik;
• tabunschik;
• fonarschik uye zvichingodaro.

Ndechipi chikonzero? Chokwadi ndechokuti maererano "nepfambi" ndiyo tsamba nyoro uye kazhinji kunoita ruzha kuitira kuti vamwe vanhu vanyore kwaari "s". Zvisinei, hazvina kunaka. Zvechokwadi, mumutauro wokuRussia, uye panyaya iyi pane hwake. Rinotaura kuti nyoro chiratidzo rinyorwe mazita emazita chete mushure "L". Heuno muenzaniso wakajeka:

• Roofer;
• glazier;
• ari payer;
• Chakabva;
• Sawyer;
• Driller;
• wemukova;
• Collier;
• Roofer;
• planer, uye zvichingodaro.

kusiyanisa suffixes

Shoko pamwe suffix -chik- inofanira kunyorwa chete kana pazita hunde kunoguma nemabhii se "T", "g", "d", "c" uye "z". Asi zvino sei kutsanangura chiperengo lexical dzakabatana sezvo Kalachik, pasofa, zvidhina kiyi mukomana, munwe, wemagaka cheya, bhora, uye zvichingodaro.? Chokwadi ndechokuti mune zvose pasi mashoko suffix rinowanika haana -chik- uye -ik-. Kana tsamba "H", saka munhu akaparadzana suffix kana chikamu mudzi. Ndokusaka izvi lexical dzakabatana havasi pasi apa mitemo. Uyezve, morpheme iri interleaved (-IR - / - Ek). Uye kuti kuongorora chiperengo yayo inofanira kutsauka inokosha shoko. Saka -ek- suffix raizoiswa lexical dzakabatana iwayo, nenguva iyo declination nzvanyira "e" anowa. Heuno muenzaniso:

• vaiti - muzukurukadzi;
• svistochek - miridzo;
• bhero - bhero;
• ogonochek - ogonochka;
• shizha - shizha;
• banga - banga;
• stebelochek - stebelochka;
• mukanyiwa - bundu;
• mwanakomana - mwanakomana;
• sando - nenyundo;
• Flower - ruva uye zvichingodaro.

Kana suffix -ik-, makanyorwa iwayo izvo kuderera "uye" hunhu hwaponeswa. Heuno muenzaniso:

• pasofa - settee;
• mukomana - mukomana;
• Kalachik - kumusoro;
• gaka - cucumber;
• Brick - brick;
• kiyi - anokosha;
• cheya - chairs;
• Munwe - munwe;
• Chiso - shoma chiso;
• bhora - bhora, uye zvichingodaro.