Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk munhoroondo uye zvinotyisa

Muguta Serafimovich Volgograd nharaunda iri yemamongi, uyo akanga mumakore okutanga, muzinda nezvaMwari Don Cossacks. Panguva yacho kare hazvina aenda kuburikidza vakawanda matambudziko, asi ndinoonga kuti patronage Mwari uye vaigara vechitendero zvikuru enyika nguva nomumwe akawana simba kuberekwazve. Nhasi anonyatsonzwisisa akatangazve ukuru hwake, tsika pamusoro emakore akawanda hakuna Musiki obscurantism.

Yemamongi pamahombekombe ari Don

Ust-Medveditsk Spaso-Preobrazhensky chechechi akatanga makono. nheyo dzaro unesungano 1638. A nzvimbo ramangwana wemamongi akasarudzwa pedyo yakaderera Don, yakabatana pamahombekombe inowanzorimwa nzvimbo. Achitarira mberi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kwakadaro urongwa wemamongi akazviratidza hwakazara matambudziko zvakakomba. Mune dzimwe nzvimbo parwizi mubhedha nhete, uye chitubu chando kazhinji kuvhara nzira kwayo, izvo kunotungamirira parasikira, zvinouraya vose akasarudza Mahombekombe ayo dzavo dzokugara.

The chikuru Vagari micheto of Cossacks yakaumbwa kubva vagara pano kwezana XV uye XVI emakore, akanga atiza vanhuwo zvavo kutiza pakumanikidza serfdom nezvaiva nechepakati mudunhu Russia. Ivo kunge yakakura nzvimbo Munotatamura achitevedza mahombekombe enzizi Yaik, Ural, Volga ezasi Don. Muna 1570, Ivan Grozny akavapa pamutemo chinzvimbo, titarisire kudzivirira ehurumende miganhu kubva yayo hasha nevavakidzani.

Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk, yakavambwa akumbirwa kuti Cossacks, rinotungamirirwa muna 1636 na chevaux Mikhail Fedorovich, yakanyorerwa nevamwe vavo vakauya kuzorora kukwegura kana nokuda makuvaro. Get mvumo zvakakodzera, kuti Army District rave dzinounzwa pakuvaka wemamongi nouchapupu nomunda iri kuruboshwe kumahombekombe Don, pedyo muromo Bear River, ane zita aburuka muzita wemamongi.

Yemamongi-nhare

The nguva apo Muponesi Kuchinja Ust-Medveditsk wemamongi rakaumbwa, akanga kudzikama chaizvo, uye Cossack misha vaiwanzogara pasi vachirwisa nokuda Tatars. Somugumisiro, mumwe wavo vachangobva chakavakwa sero pamapatya kupiswa nomoto, uye muna muna 1652 kwakasarudzwa kuti uchatamisa wemamongi kurudyi kumahombekombe Don, vanonetsa nokuda muArabhu, uye saka kwaaiva akachengeteka. Nokuti chinangwa ichi, tinosarudza yakafarikana uye sandara nharaunda rakatenderedzwa kumusoro pamawere bhengi.

Panenge panguva pakutanga kuvakwa wemamongi idzva yakaramba dzinopesana chaizvo mashoko. Zvichakadai, zvinonzi zvakanaka yakasimbiswa kuti zvakaitika musi sezvakarayirwa Patriarch Nikon, kusunungurwa kuti chokupika basa mari yakawanda, uye kuti muna 1565 pamatunhu kumahombekombe Don ane yematanda Kuchinja Church yakavakwa.

Hwakawanda huripo zvenhoroondo zvinyorwa yakanga yakavakwa nzvimbo itsva Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja Monastery yakavakwa maererano nemitemo nhare. By muArabhu kubva kumativi ose riri anodzivirirwa dzakasimba yevhu mirwi gungwa akachera pamberi pake. Inside zvagadzwapo, kuwedzera chechi uye rectory masero, refectory uye pamapatya masero gumi. All pazvose nguva, mamongi pakati wemamongi vaiva gumi.

Paumbwe wemamongi uye nokusimbaradza upfumi hwayo

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ust-Medveditsk wemamonk, ane nhoroondo iri zvakabatana chaizvo kuna Don Cossacks, kubva pakutanga kwayo akanga pasi rokuchengeta Army District, izvo muraire achiedza nechokwadi kuti kutiza pane vakamborwa ehondo kare hapana nzira inodiwa. Panguva iyoyo mumakore hondo wemamongi akanga evasingatombonamati inoshanda ukoshi - mundima yayo, kudzivirirwa earthworks Pakarongwa kuchipatara vakakuvadzwa. Asi chaikosha ndechokuti kwezana kure yeRussian wemamongi akashanda ichidzivirira vana Orthodoxy uye akanga payo pakunamata.

Pakupera XVII remakore uye yokutanga yezana XVIII remakore Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk comprehensively kusimbisa nzvimbo yaro ezvoupfumi. Sezvineiwo zvakawedzera kukura nyika Holdings anazvo naye. Kubva zvinyorwa muna 1705 zvinozivikanwa kuti enzvimbo wemamongi kwaiva zvinopfuura makumi matanhatu nemashanu nehafu zviuru maeka nyika. Kuwedzera kunyika arable, vaiva munyika dondo uye hove.

Sezvo zvokunyama yemamongi upenyu awana hwega uye kutsigira, kuti munin'ina wake vakava kukasawedzerwa kwete chete nokuda ekuvarera Cossacks, asiwo vose vaya vaida kutora kwechidzitiro. Saizvozvowo, nhamba vagari iyi yawedzera yekudyidzana.

Kana muna 1707 kupandukira kwakatanga achitungamirirwa Ataman Bulavin kukonzerwa mutemo Peter I, zvainanga inorambidza kodzero Don Cossacks, masvingo wemamongi akawana pokurara nherera Cossacks akaurayiwa Kusanzwisisana namapoka hurumende. Vakawanda vavo, wakati asvika yakafanira zera, uye akatora yemamongi mhiko.

The dambudziko, nagryanuvshaya paEaster Eve

Pakazosvika pakati chechi emapuranga XVIII remakore, mumwe zvivako yokutanga yemamongi, zvakaipa raderera, uye zvakajeka paiva mubvunzo pamusoro kuvakwa ibwe chechi itsva. Asi nevavariro dzakanaka idzi havana kuzadziswa tichitarira njodzi, mhosva yaiva yokugara ndikawirwa njodzi.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, Spring kuvhuna kazhinji rakanyatsozarirwa migove yakatetepa of Don rwizi mubhedha, zvichiita inorasikira kuitika, zvichikonzera dambudziko kune vemo. Wakakura zvikuru Migumisiro ichi rwokuzvarwa chakajairika raiva 1752. Dzakayerera kamwe nzizi mbiri - the Don uye dzeAkituro. Akanyauka mvura zvokuti pasi kuzvitsinhanisa ane mukuru uye pamawere pamahombekombe, yaiva Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk kuti pasi akava kusagadzikana uye munzvimbo dzakawanda akaumba Madhaka.

chakawedzerwa kwose zuva. Pamadziro zvivako akazviratidza uye nokukurumidza vakawedzera mitswi, uye zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga kunyura muvhu, pakarepo zvava kurutivi rwizi uye tora akafanana inotsikwa kusagadzikana guru. Dambudziko azere akatora nzvimbo on Easter Evha, kana yakatenuka pegomo iro wemamongi rakanga yose muzvivako yakavakwa pamusoro payo kumbotsuguduka uye ndokunobondera runopafuma Don.

Sezvo zvichangobva kuitika ndakagadzirira wemamongi nemamongi kuwedzera ikoko, hapana akakuvara. Uyezve, zvose kuzvidhori chinokosha kusanganisira tsamba akare, mabhuku uye chechi nemidziyo vaigona mberi kutamira kunzvimbo yakachengeteka. Asi chando April usiku pamusoro mvura anoparadzwa matanda zvose yave yakavakwa makore akawanda basa rakaoma kwezvizvarwa zvakawanda, uye kuti akanga hwaro upenyu wemamongi.

Construction nzvimbo itsva

Chokwadi, kuti umutse wemamongi panzvimbo hazvina musoro, sezvo njodzi yakadaro zvinogona kuitika zvakare. Naizvozvo, nokuti wemamongi wakasarudzwa sezvo nzvimbo itsva, akaparadzaniswa vokutanga hafu maira nechokumusoro kwerwizi. Ikoko, pachikomo, kure patsime remvura, muna 1754 uye wakaradzikwa Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ust-Medveditsk chechechi hwaponeswa kuti mazuva edu.

Mumakore mashomanana akatevera mundima yayo akavaka chechi ibwe, vagadzwe kukudzwa Chitarisiko yaJehovha, uye abbot, masero pamapatya uye vanoverengeka outbuildings. Inoki inongogara achinyengetera kuna Jehovha kuti atikanganwire zvivi, iyo akavapa kurarama saka rinorema chinhu chakaipa.

Kushandurwa kuva hadzi yemamongi

A peji chitsva muupenyu wemamongi akazarura makore gumi gare gare apo murayiro Dzvene Revafundisi, akanga ichachinjwa kuva revakadzi yemamongi. chiitiko ichi chakaitika muna June 1785. Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti Russian chakaita vakuru kuti chisarudzo chikumbiro akakurukura kuna St. Petersburg boka sajeni A. I. Ilovayskim aiva yakawanda pakukurukurirana ikoko.

Saka kana kwete - Hazvizivikanwi kuti vamwe, asi chete mumasero nokukurumidza akasiya vaimbova vagari, riri mana kuvasikana mumusha riri pedyo Sirotinskaya kuti akaumba pane hadzi Orthodox munharaunda. Vose vaida kurega mararamiro hunokodzera bonde kwavo, uye nokuda yose rekupfiga mukati mamasvingo wemamongi. abbess wavo wokutanga waiva hanzvadzi boka sajeni Maria Karpova uye confessor - septuagenarian baba mudhikoni Basil (Mikhailov).

The kwenguva abolition pakati wemamongi

Zvisinei, Kristu haana kushandisa zvakanaka mwenga Musara panzvimbo itsva sezvo yave zvaitika dambudziko, hakuna munhu aigona kufanoona, uye izvo zvakava kuparadza nokuda wemamongi yechirimo mafashamo erwizi. Akabva guru, apo panguva iyoyo mitemo Empress Catherine II, vachisiya kuyeuka kwake oma mutemo kurutivi chechi. Kuda Empress panguva yokutonga kwake Russia vaiva nenguva zvenyika (pfari) nyika chechi kuti mamiriro, uyewo kuvhara kuti dzemamongi zhinji.

Muna 1788, iye chirevo pamusoro abolition vanoverengeka yemamongi ari Voronezh diocese, kusanganisira akaratidza uye Ust-Medveditsk Muponesi-Kuchinja nunnery. Kumuponesa zvakanga zvisingaiti. Iri nharaunda wemamongi chechi akagamuchira mamiriro chechi yeko, Masisita akanga aparadza kumativi ose mana, uye pfuma kutengeswa. In imwe imba, iyo yaimbonzi kuva abbot wacho kumativi, dzakagara breech tsika.

Makore wemamongi chokudzorerwa

Makore gumi gare gare, apo Russian choushe akakwira mwanakomana Catherine II, Mambo Paul I, iye akadzima murayiro amai, uye Serafimovich Ust-Medveditsk Spaso-Preobrazhensky wemamongi rukaporeswa. Yaifanira kuti, sapakutanga, munhurume, kuitira kuti kurarama kunze remakore muhondo akuvadza Cossacks, asi zvino pfungwa vakaramba, uye wemamongi yakanga vadzokera nemasisita. Kunyange prioress akagara chete - zvose zvakafanana Maria Karpov. Gare gare, basa rake, afuke urongwa yemamongi upenyu wemamongi, iye akanga paakavapa ari abbot rutanda, inova mubairo unokudzwa kwazvo.

Pashure pake rufu, yakavatevera muna 1827, wemamongi yaisangana neDare Prioress itsva - August. Her abbacy yakatora makore masere uye kuzivikanwa utsanzi inokosha chaizvo. At varo womunharaunda Cossacks vaibvumirwa kutumira vanasikana vavo vaduku kukura mune yemamongi. Mumakore aakapedza mukati masvingo aro, vasikana kwete kungodzidzisa chechi nokuimba uye mutemo waMwari, asi kurarama mamwe masero ari nemasisita, nyanzvi mitemo kwokuchena pakunamata uye netsika.

Tichidzokera zvino kuna upenyu ino, ivo yechokwadi nekunaka ivhu. Uyu kunobatsira chaizvo chaizvo zvokunamata dzinotaurwa yose uye anomira mumaziso vagari vayo vanonamata pachavo panobva - Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk. MuRussia, tsika iyi makore iwayo dzidzo achiri utsva. rwendo rwake pasi pano August abbess kuvakwa muna 1835, uye pashure wake rufu wakagara kunzwisisa chisingatarisirwi njodzi.

Kurevererwa Archbishop Ignatius

Chokwadi ndechokuti gore iroro Dzvene Revafundisi of yakadzokororwa nenzvimbo wemamongi, akabudisa muna 1798, uye muna itsva shanduro havasi Logged pfungwa, uye akamupa kodzero yokugamuchira nehurumende. Yakanga akarova chaiyo hanzvadzi. Kubva zvino, havasi chete kunyimwa mukana kuita parudo (kusanganisira dzidzo vanasikana Cossack), asi vakatongerwa kuvapo ane nzara.

Kununurwa nemasisita dzinotungamirirwa kwemakore iwayo diocese Archbishop Ignatius. Iye pachake nyaya chikumbiro kwake mambo, uye nokuda murayiro, akapa Kesari Nikolai Pavlovich, nemasisita pakati wemamongi vakadzorerwa kodzero yavo uye haagoni kuramba kutya ramangwana.

Abbess - mudzidzisi Donetsk nharaunda

Sezvo makore sixties ari XVIII remakore wemamongi upenyu segwapa paitonga kupfuura nomukurumbira wake Mother Zvinzvimbo - Arsen, uyo muna 1864 akatungamirira Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk. Photos varo mumakore iwayo anomiririrwa munyaya. Noblewoman, mwanasikana yakakurumbira warlord makore iwayo, General MV Sebryakova, izvozvo ari mumwe wevakadzi vakadzidza zvikuru nguva yake, nepatinogona napo kuparadzira kuverenga pakati nemasisita pakati wemamongi, vazhinji vacho vasingakwanisi kuverenga kana kunyora, uye chose nguva yakawanda nezvemhosva pakudzidzisa vagere yose.

Arseniy zvinyorwa Abbess kumonasitiri akavhura kwokutanga-gore mana kukoreji, ane okuverengwa vana kubva vemhuri akasiyana chaizvo evanhu strata munzanga, kusanganisira vakakwirira uye muboka revatungamiriri. Mariri, kunze kwomurayiro waMwari uye mutauro necheSalvic riri vakadzidzisawo masvomhu, mutauro Russian, jogirafi uye nhoroondo. NaSeti akazarura unyanzvi Studio, apo iye akatungamirira boka abbess, aiva dzinongoitika tarenda mumunda ounyanzvi. Makirasi pachikoro mberi kusvikira 1918.

Pakazovharwa wemamongi rechipiri

Mumakore gumi pashure October Revolution dzichiri kuedza zvimwe kuzoponesa vakatongerwa pedyo kuvhara Muponesi Kuchinja Monastery Ust-Medveditsk. Description upenyu mumakore iwayo anogona kuwanikwa pakati ndangariro vakasiya nokuda akaona zviitiko - mudzidzisi omunharaunda TV Polyakova. Iye anotaura sei nemasisita vakaumba zvokurima Tauriranai uye pachinzvimbo akatora misha yavo vatenga imba duku yavakararama pamwe chete uye akanyengetera kuna Mwari.

Anoyeuka kuti muna March 1927 chirevo pamusoro nokuvhara wemamongi, uye vangani nemasisita ayo vakasungwa uye akanyangarika nokusingaperi vasungwa 'motokari, ndichivatakura kumisasa. Vaya akakwanisa kunzvenga mugumo uyu, munguva yehondo aitumirwa Rostov nharaunda, apo vamwe vavo ipapo yadzoka kunyika. Pakarepo shure kuvhara pakati wemamongi vana nyuchi yakanga dzichengeterwe mukati masvingo aro, iyo zvino yakanga Anotsiviwa vakawanda vemabhizimisi establishments iri ikoko.

Muna 1933 Ust-Medveditskaya musha yakashandurwa muguta uye zita rokukudza yakakurumbira munyori Soviet Alexander Serafimovich, kuunza mukati ayo nharaunda wakagara pashure ake kumutsidzirwa akatevera mumakore perestroika, vakava nezvavo savakuru Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk (g . Serafimovich).

Zvisinei, usati vakasvika panyika, nguva manamatiro, zvakanzi takatondeswa kuenda mumiedzo yakawanda uye zvomunyama, iro mukuru aiva hondo. Zvakangoitikawo kuti aimbova vakagara yaiva mukati merima kurwa, uye somugumisiro vakaparadzwa anenge zvose dzimba dzaro. Chishamiso vakapukunyuka chete kuvaka mutemberi Kazan Amai vaMwari, vaburuka mazuva edu murombo chaizvo ezvinhu.

The kumutsidzirwa wemamongi

Muna 1991, apo panogasa kugadzirisa vatendi vakanga vadzokera zvakawanda zvavanenge zvisiri pamutemo kubviswa panguva zhinji mishandirapamwe Anti-vezvitendero, kutanga nzira kwayo rumutsiriro, uye akagara zvekare Cossack musha, yava kunzi guta Serafimovich. Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja Monastery pakutanga vakafunga kuti murume wacho, uye pamberi kutanga basa kudzorerwa munharaunda yayo akagadzirisa mamongi mana uye novices shoma.

Ivo vakanga vakatondeswa kutora nzvimbo cloister gumi, kubva munguva yemberi Dzvene Revafundisi akanga afunga kuidzosera mamiriro pacho. Zvisinei, munguva ino zvemamongi akakwanisa kusangana rinofanira kuitwa nokukurumidza mabasa, shure-nokuputsa maoko munhukadzi. Zvikurukuru, ivo namambo mumwe chete dzakaparara vakasara varipo mumakore achangopfuura, simba, akadzorera padenga kwekereke, akaronga chapero uye akavaka nzvimbo masero zvaiita.

Mukuwedzera, vakanga vakarima was yokugara imwe zana namakumi mapfumbamwe maeka nyika. izvi zvose akwanise zvikuru upenyu dzakawanda hwevakadzi munharaunda kugarazve Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja Monastery (guta Serafimovich) muna 2001 iri pachavo hurongwa Patriarch seizvi Alexy II kuUkraine. Mana navatatu nemasisita vakaramba kudzorerwa wemamongi, vakatanga avo vamutangira.

Zvekufamba itsva wemamongi nemasisita

Sisters, achitungamirwa sisita George (boletus), yakatanga yakafara zvoupfumi basa. Munzvimbo zvasara kubva kumusasa kamwe pano yaiva piyona, zvikasikwa neboka kusona chitoro, hove chitoro uye prosfornya. Mukuwedzera, achibatsirwa vemenisiparati akakwanisa muhombodo kushanda bhati uye mbatya chirimwa uye uvake chirimwa kuti pagadzirwe kongiri zvivako, apo kuzviitira basa vanoshanda vanhu veguta Serafimovich. Spaso-Preobrazhensky Ust-Medveditsk chechechi nokuda nezviyero izvi vakanochengeta yakavimbika zvinhu nechimwe.

basa guru raitwa kudzorera hanzvadzi uye kwokunze pakuonekwa kamwe kuwedzera wemamongi. mibhedha akavhuniwa, mibhedha uye vari vakagadzirira pamwe mubindu nzira. Mukuru pfungwa chinhu kuti kubvira panguva yakare rakakurumbira Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk. Attractions zvaisanganisira kwaro kunzwisisa, uye nzvimbo yacho temberi, mazuva ano, makore mazhinji apfuura, akakwezva ezviuru.

Nzvimbo uye varipo yemamongi

Kutaura navo, iwe unofanira kutanga mumapako akakurumbira, vakachera kunyange panguva yaitonga Amai Yakakwirira Arseny. Ivo akaronga nenzira wose vakaburuka kwavari inova chapupu okupedzisira youshumiri hwaKristu hwepasi pano. iye anooneka Way kwake paMuchinjikwa, uyewo waibva kuKarivhari, Amai vaMwari Pamberi. Ikoko, mubako, unogona kuona ibwe chinoshamisa, izvo akanyengetera abbess Arseny. Panguva imwe minyengetero izvi iye akawana akafanira tarira Mambokadzi Heaven. Zvinonzi kuti ibwe richiri akachengetedzwa pakatsikwa netsoka uye maoko matsvene abbess.

Kufarira kukuru ndiko belfry, akamira panzvimbo iri XVIII remakore, temberi yakavakwa, rakaputiswa muna 1934 pamusoro mirairo nezviremera. Kubva yakaramba chete kwedenga, iyo rakachengetedzwa kusvikira nhasi. Pamusuo wake pamusoro mirairo Mother Yakakwirira Georgia uye mabhero akanga yakaiswa. Panewo dzimwe zvinokwezva zviri yakarurama kudada kwete chete vagari Serafimovicha, asi Volgograd rose Region.

Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk pashure yakareba basa rokudzorera uye kuvakwa akazarura mikova aro chechi mbiri: mumwe - mune kukudzwa Kazan Icon of Amai vaMwari, vatsvene muna 2012, uye mumwe - yakatsaurirwa chitarisiko. Denga kwayo korona nzvimbo makumi matatu.

Wemamongi, iyo yakava nzvimbo outorwa

Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk, vane kero - Volgograd nharaunda, makomo. Serafimovich p. Chitarisiko, 7, nhasi, sapamazuva apfuura, mwoyo vakawanda vechinamato. Vanouya pano kuripira kukotamira ayo nzvimbo tsvene, mukuru uko kuonekwa ibwe chinoshamisa, izvo vakayambuka kukurukura. Pasinei nokuti chokugara iri kubva mumaguta makuru uye yeUnited migwagwa, nguva dzose izere nevashanyi.

Zvinotevera rinopa mashoko vanoda kushanyira Ust-Medveditsk Kuchinja wemamonk. How kupinda Serafimovich uye ona shongwe iyi upenyu chakamuka Russian Orthodox kare, zvakajeka muna anorairira muna Volgograd mudunhu. Muchidimbu, sezvo tinogona kuudza kuti varidzi pachake chokufambisa here kuti kwaari Rostov penzira. Pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda ari Kalach-on-Don, vanofanira kuyambuka Don uye, vasati richisvika Surovikino, tsaukirai zvakarurama, maererano chikwangwani inotaridza nzira Serafimovich.

Munogona kushandisa mabasa hwakawanda nevaari kufamba muna Volgograd, kuronga rwendo kuenda Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery Ust-Medveditsk. Interesting zvinhu uye nhoroondo ruzivo pamusoro wake zvekare uye kuitika muupenyu muchirongwa kuziviswa yenzendo kwounyanzvi vakapofumara, nyaya iyo zvakanaka anotsigira zvinonyatsorehwa pfungwa yacho rwokuparidza.