Symbol kutungamirwa redunhu

Zvinofadza kuona sei zvinoshamisa chaizvo chinjana michina. Makore matatu apfuura, isu vakaguta chose pamwe zvemagetsi, iro rinoshandiswa, chete motokari, kumwewo zvakavaomera, uye shoma-nokukurumidza, mwero dzimba pasina gadziridzo. Asi zvakadaro zvaitova murume kuti inongogara kuvavarira kuti chinhu kupfuura akakwana, uye ikozvino dzinenge nzvimbo dzose upenyu pasi kuramba mazuvaano. Akabata, izvi uyewo vanoratidza uye okuvimba enyika. Saka, tinosvika zvikuru yemhando semiconductor mano kutsiva incandescent mwenje - LEDs.

emitting njenjere

Nhoroondo kushandisa semiconductors vakwegura vanotanga vachishandisa E-mhando mwenje. AS Popov, anonzi ari vakatanga redhiyo, tichitsvaka achishandisa nyore semiconductor mudziyo, kuvapo redhiyo mafungu. Popov yokutanga diode (detector) rave aumba kubva semiconductor Chip yakatarwa ari wokuisira, uye tsime kuonana ane wakananga tungsten kana simbi. kuonana iyi akavimba semiconductor nzvimbo, uye zvichienderana kuonana pfungwa kuti kuwanikwa kwazvo zvakajeka chiratidzo transceiver.

Kukwanisa zvimwe crystals kuti emit chiedza magetsi yakawanikwa gare gare, achishandisa mukana, asi yokutanga nguva haina kushandiswa uchidzidzira. Zvino, zvisinei, LEDs vari zvinowanzoshandiswa chaiyo zvokushandisa, uye muupenyu hwezuva nezuva.

Ndeipi chakaita, nzira anotarira pachati?

Akatungamirira siyana inonzi semiconductor chaikosha vane mumwechete pamusoro sekristaro kuti emit chiedza pasi pokudzora magetsi ichifamba therethrough. Izvi hazvisi pane semiconductors zvose, asi avo chete panguva iyo iri nedanho recombination ose maerekitironi uye maburi kusunungurwa simba rinowanikwa mune Manyiminya siyana. Akatungamirirwa somunhu kwakajairika diode, mumwe PN-mhesano uye chinopinda kuitika mune imwe chete chete.

A chiri LEDs sechiedza emitting mudziyo ndechokuti anosunungurwa zvakananga chiedza quanta. Izvi chinosiyanisa kubva incandescent mwenje, kunoitika pakutanga kudziyisa zononoka kune imwe tembiricha, kana halogen marambi ane ionization maturo. Energy Nokurasikirwa muchiedza-emitting diodes kuwana.

Zvayakaita, ari akatungamirira substrate vari zvemapuranga aine sekristaro zviteshi kuti kubatana kuti zvemagetsi redunhu uye pokugara, riri panguva yacho Manyiminya hurongwa. Akatungamirira rokuti pazano ane zvimwe hwakajeka okuti, pamusoro electronic bhodhi iye runotaurwa rinokosha yeEncoding.

Chii chakaita, uye sei izvi zvinoratidzwa pokuratidzwa wayo pachati?

Akatungamirira inongorira chiedza, ichi ndicho chinangwa chawo. Uye schematic anonyatsoratidza maererano miseve maviri achibva maatomu akafanana. Kushandiswa mudziyo akagashira chaizvo pakufara;

• Different kuratidzwa. Nokuti zvichikurukura kwebasa rinofanira modes siyana kwezvinhu zvemagetsi vachishandisa vakaparadzana okunze. boka mano yaishandiswa digitaalinen kuratidzwa, apo mumwe nomumwe akatungamirira chidimbu chinoita basa nhamba kana tsamba. Symbol kutungamirwa redunhu muboka, haafaniri kuva oga chimwe, uye boka rose unoratidzwa muchimiro nechiidzo ine bazi uye vaverengwe vokukurukura.
• For dzinogarwa, paruzhinji uye mumaindasitiri chiedza.
• Senzira sefa kuti panze nhepfenyuro, uyewo kuti kusika scrolling rwezuva.
• The optocouplers. Akatungamirira rokuti dhayagiramu iyi nyaya iri vaisanganisa pamwe mufananidzo photodetector maatomu akafanana.
• Fiber-optic gadziriro. Pano, kuti LEDs vave radiators ari modulated Manyiminya wave.
• Kujekesa nemvura sekristaro chidzitiro.
• Design uye Vebhizimisi.

Mamiriro Akaita vanodhirowa anomiririra semiconductor

Technical mitemo nemirayiro kudzora pakunzi ari kutungamirwa redunhu. GOST 2.702-2011 prescribes:

• Tsanangura chakaita nezvimwe vematunhu zvinhu achishandisa kudhirowa zvokushandisa, kana mune zvemagetsi chimiro. Panyaya iyi, rokupedzisira nzira iri kuva chisarudzo vanenge 300dpi uye zvinosanganisira uyewo tif kana bmp faira.
• The zvakatungamirira chinhu schematic unongotaura sechinhu kwakajairika diode akanyudzwa denderedzwa. Above rokumusoro rworudyi chikamu sekamufarenzi vari vakaronga miseve mbiri dzakafanana, kuvakoka kubva nechepasi nhengo pa necheparutivi kurudyi zvichikwira.
• Near LEDs kunoratidza alphanumeric romutemo ake azere.
• Hazvinei sei kutungamirirwa pamusoro dunhu, pamwe polarity rimwe divi kana mumwe kana pane necheparutivi, mirayiridzo museve anoramba kuzochinja.
• The goho ichibva zvokuridza iri dhayagiramu rinomiririra anode (+) uye hunyambiri mutsetse - a cathode (-).
• The kutungamirwa redunhu vanofanira Serial nhamba yayo. Vakaverengwa anoenda kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi, kumusoro kusvikira pasi.

Akatungamirira - polarity izita

Akatungamirira rokuti pachati zvinoita nyore kuona polarity, asi kuona kubva achangobva kutenga chinhu, unofanira kutarisa kuonana kwake. Positive anode chinouraya kazhinji ane kureba kupfuura cathode.

Kana akatungamirira akatasva bhodhi, uye iye, nokuti chero zvikonzero, asina chokuguma okunze, ari polarity ari semiconductor inogona tsunga, tikanyatsoongorora muviri wake. Kubva kurutivi cathode (kunaka chinouraya) pamusoro muviri kuva sandara chimiro notch. Uyewo, läpinäkyvä zvakapoteredza mhando akatungamirira kuona kwayo menyika. Zvakafanana. mukombe, sezvamakaropafadzwa semiconductor Chip riri, ane zvakananga kubatana kuti cathode.

Kana apo hazvibviri kuona polarity ari pamusoro nzira, asi kune kuvapo wemagetsi multimeter, unogona kurishandisa. Tora zvinoitika diode yaizivikanwa polarity kupa chamazuva nokushanda mudziyo uye batanidza kuti semiconductor. Yokuchengeta polarity apo diode inoitisa ano. Akatungamirira chokuita tambo schupam. Onai kuti anoitisa ano, ona polarity.

The kutungamirirwa pamusoro bhodhi

Apo akadhindwa redunhu bhodhi gungano radiomontazhniki pachake maitiro uye Specification pakati pamazita zvinhu. Maererano aya Zvakarurama nyora inotaridza mhando chinhu nhamba uye zvinzvimbo pamusoro redunhu. Kune dzakawanda zvinodiwa zviratidzo pamusoro puranga, ayo yaiwanzoshandiswa kupinza michina.

The rokuti the akatungamirira bhodhi iri muchimiro yakajeka mifananidzo, yeEncoding chaiwo uye nhamba. Zvairatidzwa zvokutanga huru polar semiconductors, tsamba dzinoratidza mhando mudziyo uye nhamba - the Serial nhamba kuti zano uye pasi.

A graphical notation nokuda akatungamirira vematunhu mapuranga ari akafanana mufananidzo wacho ari mufananidzo, asi murege ane sekamufarenzi akapoteredza diode kuvake. The chaiwo yeEncoding akaita mavara makuru - akatungamirira (kupinza zano) uye HL (mudzimba). Nhamba anouya pashure netsamba kana kuti pasi. Pasina nhamba Hazvibviri kuona parameters pamusoro semiconductor kuti bhodhi hariratidzi isingawanzowanikwi anosara.

chokuguma LEDs

Akatungamirira lettering pamusoro anorimwa (chokuguma) rine mashoko ose pamusoro zvechadenga chaiyo semiconductor mudziyo. Chichatara rine zvikuru zvakawanda vatambi, saka hazvina kupfeka dzimba uye kutungamirira wedunhu kana kavha haana soldered zvinhu. LEDs vari matepi vari bays ari Coils, izvo kutakura kupenda zviratidzo. Character yeEncoding kunoratidza:

• A dzakatevedzana zvigadzirwa.
• Ruvara akatungamirira chiedza. Modern chiedza-emitting diodes vari chena, mutema, tsvuku, zvitema, orenji, yellow.
• Unhu ruvara kuyerera. Somuenzaniso, akatungamirira chiedza mumba kana mumugwagwa, vanoratidza mano, chiedza, nokuti mufananidzo matrices.
• mhando gogorosi. Pane chiedza-vaparadzirwa nhumbi uye kwawakananga nemwaranzi ane domed, yakajeka uye opaque lenses.
• Light goho.
• Kudyiwa magetsi simba.
• kuziva bumbiro of mugadziri. Haina rinoshanda mutoro.
• chengetedza zviratidzo. Manufacturers kuzvisiira munhu zvichibvira dikidiki okunze.

Hapana chaizvo mureza Kunyora pamusoro LEDs, saka mumwe mugadziri ane yayo yeEncoding. Rangarirai hazvibviri, asi zvikuru Vagadziri chigadzirwa ichi pamusoro musika haisi yakawandisa. Pakati pavo vane makambani akadai Philips, Cree uye Samsung.

mhedziso

Kuwedzera kwakajairika LEDs nembambo, ipapo SMD-LEDs pamwe Mapedhi. Ndivo mupfupi. Letter pakunzi LEDs kuti mhando iri Scheme akafanana ne akatungamirira-okunze, asi bhodhi iri itsanangudzo uye kazhinji kungogumira inotaridza polarity.