The First World War: hondo huru. Hondo Yenyika Marine First hondo

The First World War - mumwe kunokonzera kuteurwa kweropa rakawanda munhoroondo yevanhu. Armed kunetsana akatanga muna 1914 pamwe Sarajevo kupondwa. June 28th Archduke Franz Ferdinand akaurayiwa nemagandanga, mudzidzi aibva Bosnia. Izvi zvakakonzera hasha muEurope, kurwa Anodzokera Shure zvakawanda munyika. Somugumisiro muhondo umambo mana vakadzima kubva panyika, akauraya varwi miriyoni 10 uye navatariri, vakakuvadzwa vakanyanya kashanu. Misa uye utsinye vanhu vanoyeuka War World Wokutanga. hondo Major yeEuropean "mukuyi" uye nhasi vari zvinoorora kukura nekuomarara.

Tannenbergskaya oparesheni

Mune imwe nzira, nayo unonziwo Hondo Grunwald. Panguva hondo iyi kumabvazuva Prussia akabvuma mauto Russian, kutanga uye chechipiri uto, umo maiva varwi 250 zviuru, uye mauto eGermany rinosvika varwi 200,000.

Constant kukakavara uye kushayikwa Kufambisa mukati eRussia kwakatungamirira kuti yose mapoka akavhuniwa uye zvakaipa kuisa shure. Somugumisiro, kuuraya varwi vanhuwo. Nokurasikirwa pamusoro Russian divi vainyanya chinzvimbo: 150-200 zviuru, izvo chakaita kuti anenge 2/3 pakati yaipedzerwa inobva munzvimbo nemauto. Germany akarasikirwa 50,000 vake vaanotonga, uyo akarwa pasi yayo mureza.

Russian hondo Tannenbergskoy oparesheni kwakakundikana. Uye izvi zvakatungamirira kuti vokuGermany vakakwanisa kutamira dzokuMadokero Front zvinokosha vavabatsire. Panguva iyoyowo kukurumidza kufambira mberi eRussia kubva Germany akagura vatsigiri varwi rweAustro-Hungary. Vasingagamuchiri rubatsiro kubva Prussia, vakarasikirwa mumwe hondo inokosha, Galician, riri inozivikanwa kuti World War First. hondo Main zvinosanganisirawo kurwa kwavo ropa pasi.

hondo Galicia

Zvino muzhizha, muna August 1914. Huru Danho akawira rokutanga romwedzi uyu. Maererano nhoroondo zvakachengetedzwa marekodzi, Russian uye rweAustro-Hungary mauto vakaungana yakaenzana nhamba kubva zvaiisa chikamu mune hondo 4 Army.

hondo Major Hondo Yenyika I tiri kure uye kurwa izvi, vakatora nzvimbo pedyo Lviv, Galic uye Lublin, pamusoro Ukrainian-Polish ndima. Njodzi hondo Galician rakange rakanamwa apo Russian Tarnavka pedyo akachimedura akatanga mberi. Izvi zvikuru weboka zviitiko uye akava kadhi ravo kwehwamanda kuwana kuchiva kukunda.

nokuda Galician kurwa Nokurasikirwa vari hweAustria-Hungary vaiva guru: varwi 325,000. Yaiva chetatu Empire mauto ari Eastern Front. Zvadaro, mukuru precipitate kukundwa iyi akafunga muchiuto chiito. Akanga asingakwanisi kumira pashure musengwa ichivhuvhuta, uye chete nokuonga Kuzobatsira vokuGermany dzakakundwa tsama zviduku budiriro.

Sarykamysh kurwisana

Achitaura pamusoro huru hondo Great Patriotic War (saka akamudana pamberi pakatanga Hondo Yenyika II), tisingatauri, uye ichi oparesheni. It vaikwikwidzana Russia uye Turkey pamusoro avaida itsva 1915. Nepo Turkish murayiro vanga kuva manomano urongwa: akandosungawo Karas uye kuparadza zvachose hondo eCaucasus.

Crescent mauto akanga mberi. Russian takakombwa muna Sarikamis, asi vakaramba vakabatirira pasi huru ehondo muvengi uye kudzivirira mberi kwayo. Wajaira okunze akanaka, vavengi vavo havana kumira kwoutsinye chando. Kubva kwazvo frosts uye madutu chando chete zuva yakauraya makumi ezviuru varwi wokuTurkey.

Russian panguva ino akamirira, kuti aiva chisarudzo chakarurama. Nokukurumidza Sarykamysh vavabatsire akauya, uye Crescent hondo vakakundwa. In yose, kuvhiyiwa uku vakauraya zvuru 100 vanhu. The zvikuru kurwisana World War First uye zvinopa muhondo iyi, sezvo akaita inokosha inokosha basa: mamiriro ezvinhu kuCaucasus yave pazvakagadzikana, uye aigona kudzora Russian zvinovava aikwikwidza - Turkey.

Brusilov Kurwisa

hondo Major Hondo Yenyika 1, kwete pasina ushingi uye unyanzvi zvine urongwa General Brusilov. Muzhizha 2016 pasi utungamiriri wake Russian dzakapasanura napakati muna South-Western Front. Mauto rweAustro-Hungary akarasika masoja akawanda uye vatariri. The Nhamba zvinoshamisa - mamiriyoni 1,5 vakafa.

Russian achiitei Bukovina uye Galicia. Izvi akamanikidza vokuGermany kusimbisa nzvimbo yaro pano, nokuiunzira kuti nharaunda mamwe mauto kubva Western Front. Pasinei neizvi, vatsigiri reRussia akasimbiswa munharaunda ino, Entente uyewo beefed Romania, iyo ndokuva Union.

Mauto Russian uyewo akarasikirwa zvakawanda magamba voumhare. Uye saka munyika rakazivisa mutsva sefungu kuunganidza, achikurudzira vatsva kuzadza kwezvinoshandiswa panhengo vehondo. Izvi vasingadzikurudzire hurumende kwakaita kushatirwa uye kushungurudzwa vanhuwo zvavo. Vanhu havana kuva "kanoni zvokudya", nekuti kana vatana kana vaduku havasi haana World War First. Main Kurwa inoratidza kuti paiva nezvinhu zvakawanda kubva Russian uye chikamu vavengi vavo.

Kerensky tsamwisa

Muna 1917, ivo Bolsheviks akapidigura umambo, uye saka remangwana nzira kurwa rakanga zvinosiyana Revolutionary zviitiko munyika. Russian tsamwisa akatanga muna June 1917, asi pashure pemazuva maviri vanoshingaira kufamba mberi ivo akangoerekana arega. Masoja vakafunga kuti izvi zvakakwana, vakaita zvizere basa dzvene.

The Cubs vairambawo kumira pamberi pamisara. Izvi nezvokudya wose uye mukuru kusateerera kwakaitika pamusoro colour ari dzose defections, izvo akaparirwa chimurenga. hondo Major Hondo Yenyika I kumboona munhu guru nyonganyonga uye kutya kwakadaro pakati muchiuto tsvimbo.

Panguva ino, kushandisa zvinhu, Germany yakarwisa uye akasunda wokuRussia chikamu yekare chinzvimbo. Kamwe chete simba uye akashinga Russian Army vakaguma kuvapo sezvo yakarongeka simba. Germany haasisiri kutya nemuvengi wake uye akakwanisa kusimbisa pamusoro fronts zvose. Russian aifanira kugumisa kuti Brest rugare, vanoshorwa uye kuzvinyadzisa kuti nyika yedu.

"Goeben" uye "Breslau"

Naval hondo yeNyika War First uyewo zvinoorora akamboona. Kubva hondo mapato kunetsana vade kuGungwa reMediterranean. Chaiva chinhu chinokosha pakuderedza nokuda chokufambisa weuto, kunyanya French. Zvakaitika asingadziviswi varwi vavo mvura Mediterranean, France aifanira kuparadza German ngarawa "Goeben" uye "Breslau", iro cruised pedyo nemhenderekedzo Sardinia.

Muna August 1914, vaviri chikepe German vanogumurwa Algerian zvengarava ndokunanga Constantinople. Pasinei nokuedza vokuBritain mauto, asi zvikepe German asvika yeGungwa Marmara. Mushure asapinda Turkish rengarava, "Goeben" uye "Breslau" vanogumurwa pamusoro zvinzvimbo Russian muGungwa Dema. It mararamiro World War First. Russia akazivisa hondo Turkey, apo Britain French mauto vakatanga blockade yacho Dardanelles. Vaifungawo kuti zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti neutralize ari yeAustria vatsigiri Germany. Britain-French rengarava kakawanda akayambuka Adriatic, ndichitarisira duel ngarava yeAustria, asi haisati akauya achida mugumisiro.

Operation "Dardanelles"

Mumwe hondo wengarava rakakura, akatambanudza panguva yose gore 1915. Mushandirapamwe zvaisanganisira kupambwa pakamanikana uye kumhara pamusoro Anglo-French kumhara. Asi zvisingafanoonekwi ezvinhu inozivikanwa neWorld War First. hondo Major havasi kuenda pamwe zano, dzimwe nguva kuvhiyiwa kwakakundikana. Izvozvo ndizvo zvakaitika zano inokosha rinonzi "Dardanelles". Mativi akatambura zvikuru nezvinhu: ari muuto Turkish, masoja anoda kusvika 200 000 vakakuvara, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany - 150 zviuru. Ndicho akafa uye akuvadzwa, uye kutadza.

Muna May, kuti Entente akabatana Italy. Panguva iyoyowo, Ngarava dzepasi pemvura German vakakwanisa kupinda munharaunda Mediterranean. Vakakwanisa kunyura 100 zvokutengeserana midziyo apo kufirwa chete vezvikwata ake. Saka, pasinei Kuzobatsira Italy, mubatanidzwa wemauto airwisa Germany mugungwa chirongwa muna 1915 chizadzike kunakisisa. The chete ndinoiitawo raiva kubvisa ari Serbian hondo, iyo akakunda mauto muvengi ari kuwa.

Kurwa muGungwa reBaltic

Izvi pagungwa anonzi yechipiri. The War World First, hondo huru kuti zvinoitika kwete chete panyika asiwo mvura, regai bheji muGungwa reBaltic. The British vakatenda Russian rengarava aneta pashure hondo wokuRussia-Japanese, saka regai kuvimba kwake. ReBaltic rire zvikepe ekare chete.

Asi muna August 1914, paiva chiitiko zvingangokanganisa nzira hondo gungwa iri murunyararo uye wakagadzikana. ngarawa German "muMagdeburg" akamhanya kukandirwa muGulf of Finland. Nokukurumidza iye akabatwa Russian. Vakawana bhuku chiratidzo muchikepe, akaupa kuna British - payo vakaita basa guru iri Kuziviswa wengarava Cipher Germany. Achishandisa zivo iyi, vatsigiri cranked wandei vakabudirira kushandiswa.

Izvi chete chikamu chikuru hondo nguva. Uye dzakanga dzakawanda. hondo Major Hondo Yenyika II, machati, matafura uye Graphics kushandiswa, yakadzama maitiro avo akatsanangura nhasi munhoroondo mumabhuku. Kuaverenga, tinoona sei ropa rakatanga iyoyo, uye sei zvakakanganisa hwakafanorongwa kunyika wakavhomorwa mariri.