The echiShinto wegadziriro chitsva kumutsidzirwa kweuto Russian

Kunetesa hondo yose isina kugadzikana rechi17, kwakaderera hondo uye kutadza kwayo kudzivirira hurumende kurwisa muvengi - zvose izvi zvinobatanidzwa kusika zvakakodzera mamiriro ezvinhu pakagadzwa mumwe hondo Russian, iro rakatanga pamwe echiShinto nyika itsva.

kutanga

Kokutanga yokufungisisa pakusikwa mauto matsva vakapinda yakaoma uye inotambudza yenhoroondo yedu - Panguva Troubles, dzakapiswa anotyisa kutyisidzira wokumwe nechisimba. Munguva iyi kwegakava yokumwe vatambi vanoripirwa mu anopamba kurwisa mauto wePolish. Panguva iyoyo Michael Skopin-Shumsky, pachokwadi dzakachinja nepavanogona nezviito nomazvo inifanduri Swedish noushingi kuti vadzivise kudenha vokuPoland hussars, akasarudza kuronga uto dzimwe mharidzo - Dutch uye Swedish. The echiShinto nyika itsva, raiumbwa rinonyanya ari murimi mudiki anopamba, dzakatorwa muna Novgorod uye anoshandisa 18 zviuru vanhu. Akavadzidzisa zvombo nomazvo eBelgian Hristier Somme, kufunga nzira kurwisa vamabhiza, umo nhamba pikemen akafukidza musket musketeers - chombo chikuru nguva.

Kubudirira yokutanga

Kunyange akadzidzira kurwisa, echiShinto wegadziriro idzva September 1609 vakakunda akawanda kukunda inokosha pamusoro Poles: Moscow dzakapasanura napakati blockade uye vakadzokera kumaguta mashoma anodonha mauto nechisimba shure. Asi Nguva Troubles Panewo zvakazoitika. Pashure muchetura Skopin-Shumsky hondo vakaparadzirwa. Saka kupera paitongwa rakabudirira sangano pakati regiments vemamwe mharidzo.

The kuedza wechipiri

The inokosha vanofanira kudzokera Smolensk, akapa Poles, uye kutangazve ane vakarongeka hondo kwakasimba riwedzere nokuda pakusikwa regiments chitsva muna 1630. Tanga zvakaoma basa iri Swedish uye Dutch nyanzvi pakazopera 1631 akaumba chehondo 2, mune imwe neimwe nhamba yevanhu 1600. Pakutanga zvakanga akaronga kuti acquisitions regiments vana landless boyars, asi havana kuda Navi basa, uye zvikanzi vakasarudza kutora uto Cossacks uye uta nevana.

Command chehondo kuitwa kutanga kunyanya dzimwe vanhu. Mumwe hondo yaiva 8 makambani, aiva pasi kudzorwa konoro, wevarwi, chikuru uye navakuru shanu. In boka ravarwi, paiva 200, izvo 120 vaiva musketeers uye 80 - pikemen. Kuwanda regiments yakawedzera nokukurumidza: kutanga 1632 paitova 6 (vanhu 9000).

Sezvo mid-1632 vakatanga wokutanga kusikwa Reitarska hondo pakati boyars navana kwamachinda, ane nhamba pakazopera gore 1721 akasimuka munhu. Unosanganisira kokutanga yakarongwa boka Dragoon, uye nokukurumidza kuumbwa uye vakaparadzana hondo ine dragoons randinogara makambani 12. The echiShinto wegadziriro itsva munguva 1632-1634 gg. vaiva nomuzongoza mauto, 10 rwisana-vakagadzirira dzakabatana rinosvika zviuru 17 vanhu akasikwa. Ivo vakarwa noushingi, vakanga vakashinga uye kwazvo, umhare rokuzviratidza mune hondo kuzorwa pevane ehondo muvengi, asi kuti kuhwina hondo Russia rakakundikana. Uye pakuguma kurwa regiments nyika itsva dzakanga akabvisa. The kuedza wechipiri kuronga mauto uyewo kubudirira chete wakavhurika.

Wechitatu Danho

Makore mashomanana gare gare, muna 1638, hurumende yakanga idzva nokuumbwa zvikamu muenzaniso hutsva kudzivirira miganhu kumaodzanyemba kweRussia. Aitungamirira kwegadziriro mauto, izvo dziri mune Novgorod zvinoyerera, Orange Yane no mukuru, ari wokuEngland Tomas Daleyl.

Achigadzira regiments zvakatungamirira kuitisa kumanikidzwa kupinda muchiuto datochnyh varume vaishumira kubva muchirimo kusvika kwematsutso uye chando kutumbuka kudzimba dzavo. Izvi hazvina anoruramiswa pacharo: rwakakwana Kurovedza zvazvinoita chokuita kuzororo kukuru. Naizvozvo, nationalization zvimwe kumaodzanyemba misha nemisha yakaitwa muna 1643-1648, ukuwo, sezvo vanhuwo zvavo zvakanyorwa dragoons.

Military nadzurudzo Alexei Mikhailovich

The pezana remakore rechi17 kuRussia aizivikanwa nezvechiitiko zvikuru nokuda nyika - ne chirevo chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich akatanga yakakura zvinhu weuto akawana akaisvonaka zvikamu hwakare - vapfumi Moscow dzekwavanogara. vamabhiza, Moscow musketeers uye Gunners, uye pakasikwa muhondo vezvikwata mumufananidzo yakatoratidza unyanzvi hwavo uto regiments.

Munguva yehondo 1654-1667 Russian-Polish. yeimwe izvi zvazova yakasimba hwaro muchiuto munyika. The echiShinto wegadziriro itsva Alexis - murwi uye of the dragoon chikamu skomplektovat datochnyh vanhu basa kuti basa kwoupenyu hwose. munyika basa wakatangwa.

Reitarska regiments dzakaumbwa kwete chete kubva datochnyh, asiwo kubva urombo uye landless nevanokudzwa, Cossacks uye boyar nevana. Noble mazana zvakakwana kuchinjirwa Reitarska hurongwa. A sokuronga kukosha kufamba kwaiva kusarudzwa kubva Zvinoumba anotasva mabhiza vakatasva lancers - Hussars. ruzivo Swedish zviri mufambiro ruvengo yokusimbisa musoja aiva zvikuru anobatsira, vachiti kufanana yeRussian uye Swedish vamabhiza. Mhosva unyanzvi uye kukuru midziyo hussar zvakanaka kusiyaniswa yeimwe aya kwezvakatipoteredza Russian vamabhiza.

Russian kuzvikudza

The echiShinto nyika itsva iri pakati. 17c. akaumba achitungamirirwa vakanyatsodzidziswa vatariri. Munguva yehondo, akanga basa uye vakadzidziswa kweinenge zviuru zana varume, akaratidza kwemashoko pfungwa pakusika vezvikwata uto kwakadaro. Pakazopera zana remakore ari echiShinto wegadziriro itsva - ndicho chakanakisisa chikamu mauto akaumba mune ramangwana yakavakirwa nguva hondo rinokunda Russian.