Ndiani Boris Godunov? Biography pamusoro chevaux Boris Fedorovich Godunov

vanhu Modern kashoma kukonzera kunetseka mubvunzo, "Ndiani Boris Godunov?". Too ichinyatsozivikanwa zita rayo uye nzvimbo kubatikana akatevedzana dzimwe autocrats Russian. Asi kuti munhu tinyatsonzwisisa ichi noutano nhoroondo hunhu kazhinji nharo. Achibhandara mutero kuruzhinji pfungwa uye enyika mutsetse, izvo kwemakore zana agadzirwa kuchinja Peter I, chinowanzoonekwa mhosva yokutorera simba uye kunyange vachangozvarwa. Unhu Boris Godunov ndiyo nyaya gakava pamusoro okupedzisira emakore anoverengeka.

The nzira kuti simba

Maererano nengano, akaberekwa Godunov zvinobva mumwe wemachinda zhinji wechiTatar, panguva Ivana Kality ndokugara muMoscow uye akashanda Grand Duke nokutendeka. mutongi ramangwana Russia pacharo, Boris Feodorovich Godunov, ane upenyu nyaya ndiyo muenzaniso unoshamisa evanhu yasimuka, akaberekwa muna 1552 mumhuri diki muridzi womunda Viazemsky mudunhu. Kana asiri fluke, zita rake angadai asina akazviratidza pamapeji enhau munyika.

Asi sezvo imi munoziva, kana anoda vaya vanoziva kuishandisa. The muduku uye chinzvimbo Boris aingova mumwe wevanhu ivavo. Akashandisa simba sekuru vake, uyo akazova munguva Ivana Groznogo mumwe mambo anofungidzirwa, uye, kubatana panhengo Varindi vakanga vasara munhau kwasviba uye ropa muhwezva, akaita autocrat urongwa, akarova yake yomukati denderedzwa. Kana akava mwanakomana-Malyuta Skuratov - mumwe kupfuura simba uye chinonyanya tichivenga nhengo vepamusoro nenguva - nzvimbo yacho zvakajeka kusimbiswa.

Rufu mambo, izvo netariro itsva Boris

Danho rinotevera kuti vanova simba waiva muchato hanzvadzi yake Irene pamwe wenhaka pachigaro, mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo, simba uye simba muchinda Fedor. Izvi akabvumira womunda duku Viazemskii kuva mumwe wevarume simba nguva. Vanyori venhoroondo dzekare vanobvuma kuti okupedzisira oupenyu hwake vakaoma musoro uye autocratic mambo akatora dzakawanda sarudzo pasi pokudzora Godunov.

Asi chaizvoizvo nguva Borisa Godunova akatanga afa Ivan vanotyisa uye ake accession kuti chigaro mwanakomana wake. Akagamuchira korona youhosi pamusoro mutemo yokugara, Fedor vaisagona inodzora nyika pamusaka kwepfungwa retardation, uye regency kanzuru rakaumbwa kuita basa iri. In-mutemo muduku dzinozvitonga haana kuiswawo mariri, asi ose wezvakashata rinenge akatungamirira hurumende dzose kwemakore gumi nemana kubva mukwambo.

Kuitwa nokuda zvakanaka mamiriro

Iyi ndiyo nguva kwakaratidzwa vakawanda ake mberi namaoko. Nokuda Godunov Russian Church Orthodox akava autocephalous. Rakanga rinotungamirirwa tateguru Jobho, izvo zvakawedzera yose nomukurumbira munyika. Mukati hurumende pamusoro makore ari zvikuru zvakaitika kuvaka maguta uye nhare. Akangwara uye akachenjera mutongi Godunov vakakokwa kubva kunze, zvikuru unyanzvi ezvivako, izvo zvakasimbisa chitange mumhuri mapurani.

In guru mabasa ake akanga chinotaurwa panguva kumbonzwiwa utsanzi - mvura, vakapakata pombi uye kubatanidza Moskva River pamwe mudanga kwemba. Kuitira kudzivirira guta kurwa wechiTatar yaingopambwa Godunov devyatikilometrovoy akatanga kuvaka rusvingo White City uye mutsara masvingo kuti vaiva panguva nzvimbo nhasi Garden Ring. Pamusana kwavari, guta guru akanunurwa panguva kuzopamba pamusoro Khan Kazi Giray muna 1591.

Kufa mugari wenhaka mucheche pachigaro

Uyewo 1591, nezvechiitiko chakaitika izvo zvakaita nyaya ani Boris Godunov kuti Russia - a kumupi kana akaipa, kusvika nhasi havagoni kuwana mhinduro yakajeka. Chokwadi ndechokuti musi 11 May pasi asinganzwisisiki uye hazvitaurwi ezvinhu vachiri akauraya mwanakomana muduku Ivana Groznogo - Tsarevich Nana, anonzi ave mugari wenhaka pachigaro. Munhu wose aiziva kuti Godunov refu vaifungidzira choushe, uye saka yakakurumbira guhu akazivisa ake muparanzvongo felony.

Hazvina kubatsira uye kuguma kuferefeta basa akatumira Uglich, uko nenjodzi yakaitika. Pasina sachigaro wayo, Prince Vasily Shumsky, yainzi chinokonzera rufu netsaona. Izvi chete vakashumira kusimbisa zvokufungidzira kuti mumuzinda chinozoiswa Zano kugadzwa pachigaro choumambo akabvuta chigaro uye mwana-vaurayi - boyar Godunov. Kunyange Kubudirira mune dzimwe mutemo uye akadzokera navo pasi chakarasika munguva wokuLivonia War, haana kushandura zvayo utsinye.

kurota

In September 1598 (Godunova Borisa Fedorovicha Biography - humbowo) upenyu kuti munhu akachinja payakakurudzirwa - afa chevaux Fedor Ivanovich Zemsky Sobor akamupa yekare Monomakh hat. Ndakatanga kuverenga-gore nomwe ushe. Kubva pamazuva itsva wokuti Kesari yokutanga zvakanga zvainanga rapprochement pamwe West, yaunopiwa kodzero kugara kufanana dzaro revatungamiriri remangwana autocrat raPetro I, kushandisa zvakazara.

Kufanana yemberi inverter Russia, Godunov akaedza kubatanidza vaanotonga kuti nebudiriro yenyika budiriro. Kuti izvi zvidaro, zvaaitsigira Moscow vatorwa vakawanda vakasiya ane zvakakanganwika munhoroondo akazotevera munyika. Pakati pavo, pamwe vasayendisiti uye ezvivako, paivawo vamiririri zvokutengeserana munharaunda, uyo akazova havaoni yaiva yakakurumbira mushambadzi mhuri. I vakabatsirwa ichi mutemo uye uto Russian, muchifumiswa ne dzimwe nyanzvi dzakawanda muchiuto.

The kupikiswa - zvakavanzika uye pachena

Asi, pasinei ose namaoko mambo akanaka, ake vavengi enyika pechiso boyars yekare vakabatana nokushorwa uye akatsvaka vachipidigura vaivengwa mambo. Ivo muchivande uye pachena akaedza kushora zviito zvake zvose. Kana muna 1601 munyika kwakava kwemvura, izvo rwakatora makore matatu uye unosshaya upenyu ezviuru zvevanhu, kuti boyars wokuparadzira makuhwa pakati pavanhu kuti chirango chaMwari nokuda kweropa risina mhosva vanobatwa Tsarevich Dmitry.

Kuedza kudzivisa vavengi vavo mudzimba Godunov aifanira kushandisa udzvanyiriri. Makurukota akawanda vaiva namakore iwayo, akaurayiwa kana akatuma kuutapwa. Asi vaiva hama dzavo avo vaivenga mambo vanomiririra nengozi naye. Naivowo vakaedza kumisa kuzorwisa Boris rima makore.

Unosuwisa upenyu uye ushe

Mukuru Nokuparadzwa iye waiva pakuonekwa Venhema Dmitry, se vakapukunyuka Tsarevich Dimitri. Anoedzesera kwose kwose kuparadzira mashoko enhema pamusoro kwaaiva uye ani ndaiva. Boris Godunov, sezvo zvakanakisisa zvaaigona, akaedza kudzivisa, asi kuita ake akanga pasina - rinopikisa aita basa rayo. Vanhu nyore vakatenda distributable ingano uye vakamuvenga.

Biography pamusoro chevaux Boris Fedorovich Godunov anochengeta yakawanda zvakavanzika. Mumwe wavo ezvinhu rufu rwake, kwakatevedzana April 13, 1605. Pasinei chokwadi kuti hutano mambo panguva ino yakavhiringidzwa kwazvo kuneta uye huta kushushikana, pane chikonzero chokudavira kuti rufu Boris aiva nechisimba. Vatsvakurudzi wega onawo sechinhu nokuzvidira kubva muupenyu.

Vakawanda nyaya chokuita kuti, kwete vanhuwo, munhau vakamirira nhau yavo. We chete zvechipameso kuti ndiani Boris Godunov, asi chii chiri makadzika ake chinoumbwa nezvinhu zvakawanda kwounhu kubva pameso edu.