The Kuongorora chikwereti Portfolio. Chikwereti Portfolio - iri ...

Pakati chinonyanya kukosha kuita zviratidzo ezvokutengeserana pamahombekombe - chikwereti Portfolio. Zvinogona zvikuru kunzwisisa uye vanoda nepakati yokusvika kududzirwa zviratidzo zviri mairi. Asi, pasinei ichi, kuongorora ayo chikwereti Portfolio, mabhengi vane nguva dzose. Anobudirira Kugadzirisa Dambudziko ichi - the chikuru pamusoro kunyatsoshanda pakati tsika zvemari. Chii nemamiriro chikwereti Portfolio? Ndingaita sei kuongorora zviratidzo ririmo?

The chaizvo ari chikwereti Portfolio

Chikwereti Portfolio - ndiko, kana ukatevera mumwe akakurumbira pakati Russian vatsvakurudzi pfungwa, hunonyanya nepakati chikwereti kubhengi (kana zvimwe nyaya commercial basa), iro zvakamuka zvichikonzerwa nemamwe masangano kana vanhu kwezvikwereti. Anouya Pakusarudza kukosha runoenzanirana parameter kunogona kuva akasiyana chaizvo.

Somuenzaniso, vamwe vaongorori vanodavira kuti chikwereti Portfolio kunofanira kusanganisira mubereko correlative pamwe zvizere mutsividzo purogiramu, apo vamwe vanosarudza zvachose zvinosanganisira iye chete chikwereti huru, uye vamwe zvinoumba kuti chikwereti - dzaona ne rinokosha inonyatsoita. Nharo - kuchanzi sangano anogona kubhadhara chikwereti mberi purogiramu uye havana mari zvikuru mubereko.

Specificity Kuongorora chikwereti Portfolio

Kuongororwa chikwereti Portfolio kunokosha zvikuru panyaya dzinoongorora kugadzikana tsika zvemari unoenderana. Chokwadi uyu mhando dzebhizimisi sangano zvinoumba unorema Purofiti, sezvinoita mutemo, kuburikidza zvikwereti. Zvisinei, zvinokosha chete kuti zvakawanda zvikwereti makapiwa mabhanga, asiwo papi kurangwa zvichabviswa dzaona anokwereta. Saka, mumwe anokosha dzekuziva kuti kuona kunaka chikwereti Portfolio mari sangano - the solvency pakati vanhu vaya anopa zvikwereti. Inogona tsunga kwakavakirwa dzakasiyana-siyana zviratidzo.

Kana totaura pamutemo masangano, zvingava:

- zvemari turnover;

- kuitika pamwero chikwereti mutoro zvebhizimisi;

- the specificity kuti zvibvumirano anokosha, uye zvimwe zvinhu kuitira kutsiga kwemari;

- chikwereti kare.

Nezveshoko chinzvimbo dzinongoitika vanhu anokwereta, kwaniso yavo yekubhadhara ingavakirwa:

- of muhoro;

- kutsiga achishandisa boka;

- kuitika pamwero muzvikwereti mutoro;

- zviri chikwereti nhoroondo.

Sezvo mabhuku nokuti nekutambira pachisara kungashandiswa se intra-magwaro, uye avo kuti dzinoratidza kukurukurirana zvimwe bhengi anokwereta. Kupfuura zvose, izvi chikwereti chibvumirano chikumbiro (izvo kazhinji ane kwemashoko akazara pamusoro yeGmail.END_STRONG).

Chikwereti Portfolio - ane chokukomborerwa zvikwereti nenguva, uwandu uye mashoko ose profitability, zvinofungidzirwa pachishandiswa chibvumirano pakati sungano anokwereta. The kukarukureta rinogonawo kutora dzakasiyana-siyana kwezvoupfumi njodzi. The Kuongorora chikwereti Portfolio inoshandiswa, kutanga, kuti aone kufadza zvinoita purofiti sangano zvemari kuti zvingaitika pamusoro pakudzoka anokwereta pamusoro guru, uye chechipiri - kuziva zvinoita zvinhu kuti kupindira nemari bato iri nguva uye zvakazara, akaverenga pamwe Bank.

Portfolio

Sei kuva nemaonero zviratidzo chaizvo kuti munguva parameter rakatsiga pakati pemahombekombe? It vangatarira akafanana nemamiriro chikwereti Portfolio? Kazhinji kunosanganisira kupatsanura yemutoo wezvikwereti anotevera chikonzero:

- basa currency kana Ruble;

- nzira kugovera;

- kukura;

- wepamutemo mamiriro mukwereti;

- nyika yaigara nemari sangano.

The pamusoro pamazita nzira zvinogona vaisanganisa, uye zvimwe zvinhu.

Chii haana kuiswawo pakati Portfolio?

Zvinokosha kuti dzimwe mhando zvikwereti vasingazomutswi vanobatanidzwa chikwereti Portfolio. Kana izvi zvichiita? In nzira vakawanda rwezvemabhengi masangano nayo vakasarudza kusanganisira mune mazita zvinhu zvikwereti vari wakabudiswa vehurumende, asiri bhajeti mari. Izvi zvingava nokuda issuance yemutoo wezvikwereti dzakadaro pasina nouchapupu rubatso zvinodiwa kana mubereko rates, yakasiyana parutivi diki musika. Chikwereti Portfolio - ndiko nechiidzo inoratidza hwokufananidzira mabasa chevanorwara zvemari. Zvikwereti pane zvaunoda prices varege kusangana chokuratidza ichi.

Zvikwereti kuti haana kuiswawo pakati chikwereti Portfolio ezvokutengeserana mabhanga, kunogonawo akapa kune shamwari masangano, mamwe masangano zvemari vakabata, kana kuitika pakagadzwa ndiyo chikamu nemamiriro kana omurume masangano. Kutaura zvazviri, munzira dzakawanda kwema akadaro anoenderana zvikwereti pamutemo. Kutaura zvazviri, zvingava zvakajairika anotamisa Inter-kambani havasi nechinangwa chokubvisa vazhinji kubhengi kuti purofiti.

Mumatanho Portfolio ongororo

zvino isu kuongorora zvakadzama sei kuongorora zvinogona kuitwa pakati chikwereti Portfolio tsika zvemari. Above tinoona dzinokosha kuti zvinokonzera kuMudzidzisi kudzidza - kureva kuti, kuwirirana uwandu kuitika zvikwereti uye zvikonzero kukanganisa kubudirira kwavo kudzoka mbiri masangano. Zvino basa redu - kufunga huru matanho uko chikwereti Portfolio kuongorora. Vatsvakurudzi Modern kusiyanisa zvinotevera seti pavo:

- kuongorora zvinhu kukanganisa romugove uye kudiwa rwezvemabhengi mabasa;

- Kutsunga anomukweretesa anokwanisa sangano zvemari;

- kudzidza maumbirwo zvikwereti disbursed kuti zvinobvira abvume kuziva kugona;

- kudzidza ano chikwereti zvibvumirano yakasainwa pamahombekombe uye anokwereta;

- tinyatsonzwisisa kunaka Portfolio, kukura kurumbidza kuvandudza kwayo.

Ngatikurukurei kudzidza izvi kuongorora matanho zvinoenderana chakarurama waivako kubhengi mashoko.

Zvinhu zviri kudiwa uye kugoverwa nechikwereti mabasa

Zvinhu zviri mubvunzo unogona Classified pamusoro siyana chikonzero. Kazhinji, dzinounzwa nechinzwano zvekunze. Aimbova unogamuchirwa kuna:

- kubhangi kuti liquidity uye dziripo guta, iro rinogona kupedzerwa urongwa zvikwereti;

- Kuwanikwa zvinhu kukurukura zvichibvira yokushomeka liquidity nokuda murombo kubhadhara kuranga makasitoma;

- chaizvo of chidimbu ezvokutengeserana mabasa kubhangi, zvinoitwa kubaya yeGmail.END_STRONG vateereri.

Pakati zvekunze zvinhu:

- kwemasayendisiti zvoupfumi kuitika munyika, iri nharaunda kana chaiyo nzvimbo;

- padanho kukwikwidzana mubhangi anomukweretesa pamusika;

- mutemo of Central Bank - somuenzaniso, tichitarisa nokuumbwa tsika kiyi mwero;

- zvemitemo mutemo chikwereti ukama.

Bank, kuita kuongorora vakasarudzwa zvinhu zvinogona nokudaro kuziva avo vari chinokosha panyaya Portfolio yepamusoro, uye ipapo shandisa mashoko kuvandudza zvechadenga runoenzanirana nhamba.

Kutsunga anomukweretesa vanokwanisa

Inotevera pavaipfuura Portfolio kuongorora - kusarudza anomukweretesa anokwanisa sangano zvemari. Padambudziko iri kunosanganisira kutanga uye chikuru kudzidza zvinyorwa, nokuda izvo kubhengi kuwana zveminda zviri zvinoumba mabasa anomukweretesa. Credit kuitwa iyi inogona kupiwa mushanduro zviviri: souya inoratidza kuvapo kubhangi kuti munguva pfupi pfuma, uye uya ane chokuita 'refu "zvibvumirano emari sangano vatengi. Ndezvipi chaizvo neimwe?

Term zvinogona achiumbwa pahwaro mari kuti mabhanga kuunganidza pamusoro deposits, iyezvino nyaya, muhoro nyaya uye nezvimwe zvinhu, nokuda izvo unogona kukurumidza kuwedzera liquidity. Kazhinji - mukati gore. Long-rokuti zvakawanda akavapindurawo, zvinoratidza kuti mubhengi bhuku sangano, iro rinogona basa sechinhu kuwedzera liquidity, asi kwete pakarepo, asi kwemakore nguva, kazhinji hapana kwokutanga pane rimwe gore kubva musi kwemamiriro runoenzanirana zvibvumirano pamwe mutengi . Bank chikwereti Portfolio Kutarisira iri zvakananga novimba vaiona chivakwa mhando kuti unhu tsika zvemari. The parameter mu mubvunzo - pakati anoisvokosha Pakuurayiwa kuongorora kutsiga kubhengi dzokutengesa marongerwo.

Maererano nedzimwe nevaongorori, sezvo chikamu anomukweretesa anokwanisa tsika anogona kushumira kuwaniswa kwokunze mari. Chokutanga zviri Chokwadi, zvikwereti kubva Central Bank. Asi ivo kunogonawo vanoshingaira vaisanganisa nokuda zvikwereti kubva kumisika vatorwa. Mumwe mubvunzo ndewekuti imwe pamahombekombe ane kuwana avo. Inogona shoma sezvo zvoupfumi nzira - Somuenzaniso, nokuti kuti magetsi zviratidzi kupfungwa mukweretesi mafungiro, asingadi kusangana nzira dzekuziva kuti solvency uye enyika - kana kubhangi hwatenderwa nokuda izvo haagoni kureva dzimwe anokwereta.

Analysis yemutoo wezvikwereti kuti zvaidiwa zvinogona

Inotevera pavaipfuura kutsvakurudza of chikwereti Portfolio urongwa zvemari - kuongorora zvinodiwa wakabudiswa zvikwereti dzakaonekwa kwakakura dzingangoitika, zvatakakutadzirai akati apa. Rudzii matambudziko anogona kuva iyi mubhengi?

Chokutanga, ane tinyatsonzwisisa kuti chikwereti Portfolio iri zvatinoita zvine yokukurumidzira zvibvumirano chasainwa tsika zvemari uye anokwereta, uye kushanda zvakanaka yekuwaniswa zvinhu kuti vanoumba kuita pamusoro apa. Panofanira kuva mamiriro ezvinhu umo pamahombekombe anozivisa yokuwanda zvikwereti "refu", asi haina "pfupi" pfuma kuramba liquidity. Kunyange kana munhu anokwereta ndicharipira chaiyo kugara - zveminda kungasava kwakakwana kugadzirisa zviri kunetsa pakati tsika.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, mabhengi, kugadzirira refu zvinogona dhefisiti uye vasina zvinhu kuwedzera izvozvo, kumanikidzwa kutendeutsa vake kwenguva pfupi kupfuma. Uye kunogonawo kukanganisa chibvumirano tsika wacho liquidity.

Implementation kuti chikwereti kuongorora kuti zvaidiwa zvinogona dzifambe zvakanaka kupinda basa rokuumba inotevera pavaipfuura chikwereti Portfolio kutsvakurudza - kudzidzwa chikwereti zvibvumirano vakagumisa pakati kubhengi uye nemhosva. Ngationgororei izvozvo zvizere.

Kudzidza zvibvumirano

Zvechokwadi, hazvingaiti kuti nyanzvi kubhangi vachava funga zviri peji imwe chibvumirano neimwe chete anokwereta. Zviri pamutemo zvakaoma chaizvo uye zvachose kukodzera panyaya basa mari. Kazhinji, akaita Statistical kuongorora huri zvibvumirano. Chokwadi chokuti zvinyorwa runoenzanirana mhando zvine musiyano zvishomanana. Kakawanda vari kuderedzwa:

- kuti chitsama chikwereti;

- kuti kusiyana chimbadzo nomumwe;

- kuti yokukurumidzira kuti mutsividzo ;

- kuitira kuti chikwereti mhando.

The Zano pasi kufunga anoshandawo Zvechokwadi, kana totaura ongorora zvibvumirano chinoguma umwechete kuti anokwereta - Somuenzaniso, vagari pamutemo basa panguva yaaigara.

Zvakaratidza kuti hazvina zvakakodzera kudzidza gwaro rimwe Zvaringana kuti patsanura zvinotisimbisa mumapoka, kunosanganisira pooling pamusoro chero vanhuwo chinhu. Somuenzaniso, kungava zvibvumirano kuti ichisanganisira chimbadzo 20% chete annum uye kumusoro, kana avo kuti dzinosanganisira mutsividzo pamusoro chikwereti mukati gore. Saka, kubhangi, kuongorora mbiri pangozi Portfolio angangova -wedzera mashoko akakodzera huri zvibvumirano, uye izvi zvichava pakudzidza kwavo.

Maererano migumisiro runoenzanirana pavaipfuura Kuongororwa nokuda mari masangano anogona kuva nhamba, maererano iyo zvichiita kuziva kana budiriro chezvawanyora inogona kuenderera rwezvemabhengi sangano:

- achirifananidza zvikwereti;

- in zvatinoita bhuku mamiriro kuti chikwereti zvibvumirano zvinoenderana zvinogona;

- mumaonero kwakakura kwemari yomuka somugumisiro zvokutengeserana.

Zvaizobuda vafunga akagadzira, dzinoongorora kunaka Portfolio, uyewo vanorumbidza kuvandudza nayo - iri rinotevera chokutambudzika basa nevatsvakurudzi.

The inofungidzirwa uye vanorumbidza

The chikuru basa iri nyaya - kududzira migumisiro mumabasa vaongorori. Zvakabuda basa inofanira kuendeswa nechokwadi kuti vaigona kushandisa ave Indaneti kuvandudza kubhangi kukura nzira. Vanofanira kuva chinhu ari Optimization mabasa dzichiumbwa chikwereti Portfolio zvakanaka, sangano zvemari.

Kuongororwa zvakakodzera pamusoro runoenzanirana parameter kutsiga webhanga nokududzirwa - rinokosha zvimiso pakagadzwa makwikwi mumusika. The chikwereti Portfolio of mari Bank kana imwe vaRafa yeRussian rwezvemabhengi zvekutepfenyura, kungangova Munongedzo. Asi pakati nepakati kusvika kune tsanangudzo kukura nzira kuti sangano chero zvemari kunogona kuva kunokosha mutambi ari pamusika yakadai zvikuru makwikwi. Chikwereti Portfolio - haisi chine nhamba kuti nhau. Zviri chaiyo chishandiso Kusimudzira rwezvemabhengi mubhizimisi womuenzaniso.

Tinyatsonzwisisa mari masangano ari chikwereti Portfolio anogona kuitwa kwete chete nokuda kwayo womukati yakarongeka, asiwo dzimwe vatambi - zvakadai makambani. Chokwadi, pasi Kuwanikwa kuwana akakodzera zviratidzo. Muchikamu ichi yemakwikwi zvakanakira nemabhangi ane mwero chikwereti Portfolio, achaiswa kwakunoitwa kugona kugamuchira upfumi makuru. Kana - sezvo nezvechisarudzo - vane zvinodiwa kuwana mukana kwokunze nokukwereta. Muchiitiko chino, zvinogona vadyidzani sangano zvemari muchikamu ichi zvinogonawo kuva vanyori vanorumbidza zvainanga Kusimudzira Bank kukura nzira, yakatanga pachishandiswa migumisiro pakutsvakurudza pamusoro chikwereti Portfolio.