Tsika uye mashura pamusoro mwana, vakadzi vanotambudzirwa zvemakore

Kubereka - chiitiko kuti nhengo dzose dzemhuri womukadzi pamuviri akamirira nomufaro. Asi haana nguva dzose. Nhoroondo yokusununguka izere vaviri kuzivisa uye refu kukanganwa nyaya vakadzi nevana vakanga haaizorarama navo. Sizvo nzvimbo mwana, puerperal sepsis, uye vana wakaberekwa - ndiko chete mashoma pangozi chokuita kuenderera rwevanhu.

Kazhinji basa rinokosha chaiwo muitiro vachiridza mitambo uye mashura. Vakawanda vavo vari kare, kunyange zvazvo mune dzimwe nyika vanhu vachiri tsika tsika, zviri kure kure nesayenzi. Nhasi tiri kukuudzai pamusoro chiduku chikamu nemagariro nhaka marudzi mazhinji.

-Saxon tsika

The Anglo-Saxons akavimba minyengetero uye mazango, izvo zvakafuridzirwa vavo vechihedheni uye tsika dzechiKristu uye zvaunotenda. pamuviri, nokutya kuberekwa akaoma, akaita zvinoverengeka dzinonakidza tsika, raisanganisira nezvokupindira zvose wevapenyu nevakafa. Somuenzaniso, kwakasarudzwa kuverenga minyengetero chinokosha pamusoro pamarinda wemufi. Paivawo mashoko kutaura, achisiya pamusoro mumwe hono hama, kazhinji murume. Kana mukadzi aiziva kuti kwake pamuviri yakachengeteka, aifanira kuenda kuchechi dzemunharaunda uye pamberi pearitari kutenda Jesu nokuda.

Asi chii kana hazvina kushanda? Wakaberekwa vana vaiva chakapararira Ages England, saka pakanga chaiyo kupira, yakagadzirirwa kudzivirira vacheche vanoberekerwa vakadzi mune ramangwana. To inotevera pamuviri ndiko kubudirira, amai vomwana aifanira kutora tsvina kubva muguva mwana wake, akauputira nomucheka nemvere kutengesa mugove vatengesi. Sezvingatarisirwa, chiito ichi pamwe rinokosha zano.

Kana mukadzi akaberekwa mwana ane utano panguva kuguma postnatal nguva, aifanira kuenda kuchechi, achiperekedzwa vakadzi vaviri vakaroorana, nechiso chake, akafuka chifukidzo. The Kupira zvakakwana kana mukadzi akakumbira kunyika munharaunda muchechi mupristi womunharaunda.

Vakadzi vari kurangirwa Evha chivi

Maererano naGenesisi, vakadzi vari kukonzera kurwadziwa vanofanira kutsungirira panguva basa. In biblical nyaya Evha pamuedzo mboni vaAdhamu muti wokuziva, kunyange zvazvo zvairambidzwa naMwari. Saka, sezvingatarisirwa, Mwari akaranga vakadzi vose "kutuka Evha" uye akavamanikidza kuzviisa pasi pavarume vavo pazvinhu zvose.

Medieval Chirungu vananyamukuta vakanga vakatakura yakawanda mazango, zvinoera, uye nemiriwo zvakagadzirirwa kudzivirira somukadzi unosurumuka, uye aiziva zvitsinga kuti zvingadai kwakaderedza mutoro chituko Eve. tsika dzose izvi vanokurudzirwa yeRoma Katurike.

MuRoma, kuzvidza yayo nokuda Catholic mashura, vakatsvaka kuisa kuzogumisa mari idzi, izvo akafunga kupa kunyaradza amai kusununguka. Zvisinei, vakawanda muchivande akaramba kuita navo kuti vazvidzivirire uye mwana.

Pliniy Starshy vake noshamisa mazano

Munguva dzekare, kuberekwa aiva kusimba nengozi, uye pamwero hwenyama vanaamai nevana akaramba yakakwirira chaizvo. Hazvishamisi, vakawanda vakaedza kuwana mamwe nzira kana kudzidza zvakavanzika kuti anogona kugarwa izvi. Muzana rokutanga remakore AD, Pliniy Starshy akabayira yakawanda wokumwe uye kazhinji zvinonyangadza mari kuti vaifanira kubatsira kuita matambudziko yokusununguka.

Chii vaiva kutevedzera ake? Somuenzaniso, zvinonzi zano kuisa paw rwake rworudyi bere iri mudumbu amai vake kubatsira mwana kuti aberekwe. Muchiitiko chino, haufaniri kushandiswa kuruboshwe gumbo, saka sei iye kuuraya mukadzi. Asi chii kana iwe usiri pedyo mapere? Muzviitiko zvakadaro, Pliny akataura kuti atsive nezvinoitika paw neminhenga mutsipa kana kanenge nyoka ganda. Kana kuberekwa kwakanga kwakandiomera, Pliny akapa zano kuti kupfeka mukadzi hudyu yakachena imbwa placenta. Zvinonzi zvakare aronga kugadzirira unonyaradza marwadzo mushonga waizoita, iro rinoumbwa imwe hafu anodyara hwakakanyiwa uchi, waini, hanzi urume yakavhenganiswa nemvura kana mvura kubva dumbu Ferret. Apo mhuri womukadzi aifanira kuwana zvose yenhengo izvi, Pliny haana kutsanangura.

Sezvineiwo, Pliny kumuromo vakabudirira muvakadzi yokusununguka. Sei? Pasinei ose utachiona vaiva wemisanganiswa izvi, avo kushandiswa kubvumira amai vanepamuviri kudzivisa kupera muviri, uyewo kuti pfungwa kuchengeta utano hwavo, sezvo mutemo, pasina pamba.

Elixirs uye potions kuderedza kuzvara

Pliny zvechokwadi kwete chete nyanzvi mune basa, izvo yakakurudzira vakadzi kutora siyana potions uye elixirs. The Chinese Somuenzaniso, kuderedza marwadzo pakusununguka akashandisa chinodhaka uye doro, asi vaIjipiti vekare vaiita Kufemba turpentine kupiswa.

MuEurope, yeMiddle Ages, nyamukuta akashandisa "chitsvene" Quick pamusoro elixirs siyana, izvo kazhinji zvaisanganisira waini mulled kana kunyange doro. nzira yakadaro yaishandiswa kwete chete panguva pakukurukura pacharo, asiwo postpartum nguva, izvo akatambanudza kwemwedzi. Recipes izvi akashandiswa kusvikira pezana XIX remakore.

Muna 1853, Koroleva Viktoriya vakasimbirira kushandiswa chloroform panguva kuberekwa kwomwana wake rorusere. Saka, yava akatanga tsika kushandisa nzira iyi kukuvadza nharo vamiririri yokumusoro kirasi. Chloroform yakanga yakakurumbira Obstetrics kusvikira pakuguma Second World War.

Kusununguka mune Ancient Egypt

Chokwadi, kubvira muzana remakore rokutanga AD, vakadzi vazhinji vakashandisa "vakachenjera" zano Pliny Mukuru, asi chii pamusoro vakadzi nepamuviri zvakawanda mararamiro ekare?

MuIjipiti, vakadzi dumbu kutongokwizwa musanganiswa nesafironi uye doro kufurira mwana uye shure - ruomba, iro rinoshandiswa dzokubikisa hove, havi lactation. Mukuwedzera, vakanga vatora mukana wokuzvidzivirira kune vanamwari navanamwarikadzi.

Kusununguka mune Ancient India uye China

In India yekare uye China, zvakanzi vaidavira kuti kana mukadzi ane mimba wakakomberedzwa zvinhu zvakanaka, zvichaita nemwana akanaka. Vakadzi vane pamuviri zano kupfeka mbatya dzinodhura, mudye rinonaka zvokudya, kuita unyanzvi uye kuteerera mimhanzi. Kuvakadzi vane mimba, kunyange sangano chaiwo Concerts, kunyange zvazvo asina varumbidzwa kuenda kure nomusha.

Kusununguka mune Ancient Greece

Chinangwa vakadzi yaitonga ichi chaiva muchato uye kuzvarwa vana. Ndiani anoda kuti varume vana, asi njodzi musikana kwaibva chisarudzo yababa: aigona kusiya mwana mumhuri, kana kuti kusiya uye musiye nzvimbo panguva tsitsi vamwe vanhu. Uyezve, kwakanga vaidavira kuti mukadzi wacho dumbu anogona vachidzungaira yose muviri, zvichikonzera asingatsananguriki zvakawanda zvive, chete nzira iyo paiva pamuviri. Panguva basa, vakadzi yakarideredza kuti kungotarisa basa, sezvo zvakanga vaidavira kuti mwana chinovapo mudumbu kuburikidza nekungwara kwavo. Kuti uvharidzire "ziso rakaipa", mumwe mwana yakashongedzwa mazango akaita rwedenga marozari kana kunyange negariki.

lechopyra

Puerperal sepsis, kana puerperal fivha, mukadzi kutambura kwezviuru zvemakore. Uyu ndiwo mumwe ungangotarisa zvinokonzera rufu chokuita yokusununguka. Hosha kunooneka pacharo mumazuva matatu pashure pokuberekwa uye zvinogona kukanganisa zvose, vapfumi nevarombo. Somuenzaniso, kubva postpartum sepsis akafa kufarira mudzimai Dzheyn Seymur Henry VIII. Zviratidzo asinganzwisisiki chirwere ichi nefivha, marwadzo, nezvipusha, zvokudarikidza, uye zviri inenge nguva zvinouraya.

Kusvikira pakati XIX remakore, vanachiremba havana kuziva chii chinokonzera puerperal fivha. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti kupomera kuzvimba anokonzerwa pamuviri. Kuti aponese mukadzi akashandisa ropa riyerere.

Zvino tinoziva kuti puerperal fivha chinhu noutachiona kuti zvitange, hapana mubvunzo, kuburikidza havaratidzi disinfected maoko vananyamukuta vanachiremba vari akawanda kuzvarwa masikati.