Ussuri kuchengeterwa: State Nature Reserve muna Primorsky Krai

Ussuri Nature Reserve muna Primorye Territory aita nzendo dzakawanda basa kuti kuchengetedza munyika dzinongoitika upfumi. Vaenzi mukana kuona zvose kubwinya panzvimbo idzi. Vanopiwa mukana kufamba zvipenyu nezvakazvipoteredza nzira. Kushanyira yomunharaunda Museum zvakasikwa, wava Kunyatsoziva nhoroondo uye nevagari chengetedza.

zvisikwa

Muna 1913, nyanzvi Komarov akauya pano kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro rezvinomera vemo. Asi kuti pave nenyika dzakachengetedzwa nzvimbo yakanga isina pakarepo pachena, asi chete muna 1932. Izvi kubatsira USSR. Nharaunda wakabatwa pasi chaiyo kuzvidzora kuitira kudzivirira uye kuchengetedza zvisingawanzoitiki mhando, izvo kare panguva iyoyo dzaiva Red Book munyika.

General ruzivo pamusoro chengetedza

The kuchengeterwa ndokwenguva nzvimbo Ussuri uye Shkotovsky nharaunda. nharaunda yayo vanosvika 40.432 hectares. Kune madziva uye Artemivka Komarovka nzizi. Mumwe pfuma nzvimbo idzi liana Deciduous masango, izvo kunova akanyangarika kuFar East.

rubatsiro

Ussuri Reserve siyana pasi-gomo mamiriro enzvimbo. Vamwe pemakomo anogona kusvika 700 metres, asi kazhinji paavhareji pakakwirira - 300-400 mamita. matombo Local - ndiko shale, sandstone, porous basalt, Goldstone porphyries. Panewo diabase uye andesite porphyry, izvo vanoumba yakatetepa Watershed akatevedzana. Kune reraimu migumo, uye wavo wakanaka paneshongwe massif kuzivikanwa Zmeinka Kurutivi rwokumusoro chengetedza. Zviri bako ane enhetembo zita "Sleeping Beauty".

On nharaunda pane gomo-sango ivhu mhando nesimba zvakasiyana. Uyewo, pane pevhu-alluvial uye alluvial shava ivhu mhando runowanzoitika rwizi mumipata.

Climate

Reserve Ussuriysky inobatana Amur-Ussuri okunze nharaunda, izvo dzinoratidzwa mwero monsoon ekunze unhu. Mazuva Frost isina pagore, pane vanenge 105-120. Kana isu bvisa avhareji tembiricha pagore iri 2.5 ^° C August ari akanyanya kupisa mwedzi neavhareji chiratidzo 19.7 ^° C muna January (the coldest mwedzi) - -17.9 ^C. Asi ivhu kwakakwana kunonyanyisa ndee pa 60 ^C uye -32 ° ^C kweinenge rimwe gore paavhareji 700-800 mm mvura inonaya, asi zvoitika makore akaoma (500 mm) uye kuchinaya (1200 mm). Paavhareji mwando wegore - 70-80%.

Saka, vakawanda, okunze kunoratidzwa: Kupisa muzhizha, kunyorova, chando - shoma chando, zvine mwero kwazvo.

uswa

Flora of Ussuriisk National Park iri siyana chaizvo, pasinei nokuti vanenge 98% of ndima inogarwa vakavhengana coniferous uye Deciduous masango. Asi pano zvikuru kwakapararira coniferous-Deciduous masango (ari zvachose nzvimbo 42%).

Reserve vashandi vaidzidza uye vanofungidzira nhamba yemiti pakati pavo: howa - vanopfuura 1000, vanenge 820 mhando vascular, 250 mosses, vanenge 200 mhando algae, lichens mazana.

Pakati nevakawanda kwemarudzi miti iri pano omusidhari Korean (payo ibwe vanoondoroka), Abies misipuresi holophylla, yellow Birch, hornbeam serdtselistny, Manchurian walnuts, spruce ajanensis. Also hunodzorwa Linden Tacke, Linden Amur uye Manchurian, nemiterebhini uye lobed nokumipata, duku-leaved mumeporo uye zvimwe zvakawanda.

Uyewo, Ussuri Nature Reserve nezvi- nemiti, pakati zviri: honeysuckle, spirea, Hazel chiManchu, nemicheka-leaved kwokunyepedzera orenji, Siberian ginseng. By liana zvinosanganisira Chinese magnolia muzambiringa, Actinidia Kolomikta uye Argut, Amur mazambiringa.

On nharaunda ichikura miriwo zhinji. Ava, zvikuru kakawanda rakasiyana-siyana Dryopteris, sedges, horsetails, athyrium, oxalis, meme uye nevamwe.

Asi chikuru ukoshi vari miti dzakanyorwa muna Red Book. Izvi zvinosanganisira yew there, ginseng chaicho, Prinsep Chinese omujunipa zvikukutu, kalopanax semilopastny uye Pinus densiflora.

Ussuri kuchengeterwa: mhuka neshiri

Sezvo nzvimbo iri zvachose pasi pabutiro yedondo, yava akasika zvinhu yakanaka vazhinji zvisikwa zvipenyu. Munzvimbo idzi, takawana pokugara mhuka runowanzoitika musango. Saka Ussuri Nature Reserve anodzivirira mumuzinda wake 62 mhando mhuka, anopfuura 160 eshiri, 7 - zvinokambaira, 6 - amphibians, 12 - hove uye cyclostomes. Pane vakawanda invertebrates, ramakagadzwa 32 dzemarudzi ari Red Book. Ari kuchengeterwa unogona kuwana kupfuura enhunzi nyika - nyika kakasaririra barbel. Uyewo, pane vari kubhururuka shavishavi guru - hvostonosets Maak, brameya Tankre Saturn Atemisi.

The kuchengeterwa musha chamatebwe zhinji, dzomusango, squirrels, tsvuku voles, mbiru, tsvuku nondo. Pakati peshiri anganzi Woodpecker (Aged uye chena wakakombama), oatmeal (yellow-ndachena vhudzi), Grouse, gaichek tits chena-bellied uye dema-vakananga. Asi zvinokosha kuziva kuti rwizi hunodzorwa shiri pano.

Chinangwa kuchengeterwa ndiko kuti achengetedze zvisingawanzoitiki mhando kubva kutsakatika, saka pane yakawanda hwevanhu dzakanyorwa muna Red Book. Pakati shiri chokuita gora kwakadaro nezizi, Mandarin, iglonogaya angaisa, Crested Honey gora, Black Stork nevamwe. Kunze shiri pane mhuka dzakadai Far Eastern sango katsi, Asian imba shrew, eHimalaya matema bheya, mbada vostochnosibirsky mavara nondo nevamwe vazhinji, inodzivirirawo Ussuri Nature Reserve. The Amur ingwe iri uyewo ngaavongwe kurarama pano akakwanisa kuwedzera vagari vemo.

The kuchengeterwa musha zvisingawanzoitiki invertebrates Somuenzaniso, uri hwiza Uvarova uye yakamanikana-chested pasi kovakuoriainen.

Mukati kuchengeterwa ndiyo muzinda dzidzo nherera bheya wayo, izvo anobudiswa nezera.

Information vaenzi chengetedza

Vaya vanoda kushanyira zvinoshamisa nzvimbo idzi, vanofanira kuziva kuti pane anokosha migwagwa kuti yakagadzirirwa nani kuongorora nemiti uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Pakapera rwendo, ipapo vari kuona platforms yakatarisana dondo. In mumwoyo kuchengeterwa vanofanira imba kwaaigara Komarov uye pedyo - nzvimbo yake yokuviga. Uyewo mumwe dzinonakidza zvinhu ndiye Zmeinka gomo mumapako, mumwe paunogona kuona zvinofadza mifananidzo yakaitwa munguva dzekare.