Klod Debyussi: pfupi Biography pakati munyori, nhoroondo youpenyu, okugadzira zvinhu uye yakanakisisa mabasa

Munyori Achille Klod Debyussi, kuwiriranisa romanticism uye modernism uye navapfumbamwe remakore rechimakumi maviri, mumwe rinonyatsooneka mukufambisira mimhanzi upenyu iyoyo. Kuwedzera mumhanzi wakanaka akanyora zvakanaka zvizhinji chikukutu mumhanzi vatsoropodzi. Kune vana vakawanda vakakodzera vanozvikudza pamusoro France, uye mumwe wavo - Klod Debyussi. Brief Biography naye akafukidza munyaya ino.

udiki

Munyori akaberekerwa Mafuro Paris muna August 1862. baba vake aiva muridzi duku China chitoro, iye nokukurumidza kutengeswa uye akashatirwa bhukukipa muParis, apo mhuri yake uye vakatamira.

Ipapo yakapedza anenge zvose pauduku hwake Klod Debyussi. Brief Biography rinoti aiva inokosha nguva kusavapo yemberi munyori muguta. Raiva hondo Franco-Prussian, uye amai vangu vakatora mwana kubva kupfura - muna Cannes.

piyano

Ikoko, nemakore masere, Claude akatanga kutora piyano zvidzidzo, uye chavaida naye kuitira kuti, uye akadzokera Paris, haana kurega. Pano akadzidzisa Antoinette danda of Fleurville, toscha mudetembi Verlaine uye mboni munyori uye Pianist Chopin. Pashure pemakore maviri (makore gumi), Claude vakadzidza panguva Paris Conservatory: piyano akadzidzisa pachake Antoine Marmontel, solfege - Aotber Lavinyak uye muviri - Sezar Frank.

Makore manomwe gare gare, Debussy yakahwina mubayiro nokuda chokupika sonata pedyo Schumann, hapana zvakawanda, haana kwakaratidzwa panguva zvidzidzo ake panguva Conservatory. Asi boka kuwirirana uye kuenderana vakadambura wokupomera chaiyo, iyo wakapindwa Klod Debyussi. Brief Biography uye kuti zvechokwadi rinotaura izvi. Old chikoro mudzidzisi Emil Dyuran haana kubvumira kunyange mwero harmonic urongwa kuedza, uye Debussy akadana vachivhaira Maererano mudzidzisi-rinonzwika kusetsa nzira kufambira. Akatanga kudzidza sezvamunoita chete pashure anenge gumi apfuura, muna 1880, Purofesa Ernesta Giro.

Debussy uye Russia

Nguva pfupi izvi zvisati, basa pamba mumhanzi mudzidzisi uye Pianist, yakawanikwa mumhuri yakapfuma Russian. The mhuri akaenda Italy uye Switzerland, naye uye Klod Debyussi. Brief Biography pamwe mashoko anotiudza pamusoro anorichengeta Nadezhda of Meck, kuti akabatsira Tchaikovsky vazhinji nevamwe vanhu okusika. Ndicho ichi uye vakaripira Claude Debussy. Two yechirimo mumutsetse munyori wakaitwa pedyo Moscow - muna Plescheevo, apo atanga kuzivana zvakadzama pamwe azvino Russian mumhanzi uye akafara chikoro ichi sezvamunoita.

Pano akazarura uye Tchaikovsky, Balakirev uye Borodin. Akanyanya mwoyo kurira Mussorgsky. Pamwe Von Meck muVienna Debussy kutanga ndakanzwa Wagner ainakidzwa "Tristan uye Isolde". Zvinosuruvarisa, nokukurumidza ichi zvinofadza uye zvinobatsira (uye tsime vakabhadhara) basa aifanira kusiya, nekuti pakarepo ndakaona vamwe rudo rusiri rwechokwadi Debussy mumwe wavakunda of Meck.

zvakare muna Paris

In taundi rokumusha munyori kuwana accompanist ari Vocal Studio, apo iye akasangana mudzidzi vachiimba Madame Vanier, izvo akurisa kwazvo denderedzwa ake kuvazikamwi mune Parisian muBohemia.

Nokuti naye, iye akanyora ounyanzvi ake okutanga. Pano, pakupedzisira, anotanga munhu wechokwadi "Vocal" Klod Debyussi. Biography, pfupiso chine tsanangudzo ukama izvi uye mugumisiro - the yomufaro ballads "pamusoro pusa" uye "Mandolin", akadaro yechiitiko wokutanga.

zvechikoro Award

Panguva iyoyo akaramba makirasi Conservatory. Ikoko Claude akaedza kutsvaka kubvuma uye kubudirira pakati navo. Uye muna 1883 akanga paakavapa nokuda cantata "ndouya aikwanisa" wechipiri Prix of Rome. Ipapo akanyora mumwe cantata - "Mwanakomana Akapanduka", uye gore rakatevera yakahwina Grand Prix of Rome, naye kubatsirwa ichi (vatsamwirana uye chiono) munyori Sharl Guno.

premiums kwakadaro kushanda iri fanira hwaro, uye Debussy ane scandalous kunonoka mwedzi miviri vari paruzhinji mari kuRoma, uko refu maviri vaifanira kugara nevamwe vakundi panguva Villa Medici nokusika ikoko mumhanzi iro kufadza zvedzidzo konservatortsam.

Rome

The upenyu kuti akatungamirira Klod Debyussi, mumwe Biography pfupi vana kashoma pamwe chete, saka hazvina dzinopesana uye zvakawanda. Aida kuva panhengo Academy of kuzvikudza, uye vakaramba. Mubayiro paakavapa, asi kuzozadzisa nayo kuva chido, nekuti unofanira kuzobvunza zvedzidzo zvinodiwa.

Uye pachinzvimbo kunyora nziyo dzakanaka chinhu chetsika. Uye saka unofanira yako, yepakutanga uye hapana mumwe akaita mutauro navarongo uye manyorerwo! Kubva pano uye kuzvipokanidza. Academic mapurofesa haana kubvuma uye haana kunyange kuisa zvinhu zvitsva.

impressionism

Sezvaitarisirwa, weRoma nguva okugadzira zvinhu hazvina zvikuru mubayiro. mumhanzi Italian haana pedyo munyori, haana kufanana Rome ... Zvisinei, pane lining sirivha. Pano Debussy akadzidza nhetembo of Pre-Raphaelites uye akatanga kunyora nhetembo, "A mhandara-nomusikana" kuti inzwi uye chikwata chevaimbi. Akanyora nhetembo kuti Gabriel Rossetti. Zvinonzi mune basa iri, Debussy akaratidza zvinhu ake zvekuimba unhu.

Pashure pemwedzi mishomanana muParis inotungamirirwa symphonic ode Heine "Zyuleyma", uye gore rakatevera Suite nokuda kwaya (vocalize) uye Orchestra "Spring" - mufananidzo kubudikidza Botticelli. Heino Suite uye spodvigla renyanzvi vanoti nguva yokutanga pachinhu kurira shoko "impressionism". Shoko rakanga kutuka kwavari. Debussy, zvakare, haana kufanana rokuti, uye nenzira dzose kuedza kure waibva naye pazvinhu basa rake.

About Style

Panguva iyoyo impressionism zvikuru akatora chimiro panguva Painters, asi nziyo kunyange dzakarongwa. Kunyange wokugadzira asati dzaitaurwa mabasa wataurwa pamusoro apa munyori. Just zvedzidzo mapurofesa nzeve zvakarurama obata muitiro uye vaityira Debussy.

Asi pamusoro chete "Zyuleyme" Debussy pachake akataura kunyange ndyaringo uye kutsvinya, kuti chinotiyeuchidza iye mimhanzi ichi hachisi chinhu Meyerbeer, Verdi kwete. Asi okupedzisira mabasa maviri haana ndyaringo haana kukonzera, uye apo "Spring" akaramba kuita panguva Conservatory, kuita chete "mhandara, mudiwa," Debussy kwakamuka uye vakagura ukama Academy.

Wagner uye Mussorgsky

vanhu vashoma saka kuda kuitika zvitsva, sezvo Klod Debyussi. Brief Biography kuti okugadzira zvinhu zvavo, kavha haigoni Zvisinei, rwiyo kutenderera "nhetembo Vashanu Baudelaire," akakodzera shoko rimwe. Hazvisi chinhu kutevedzera Wagner, asi simba vanatenzi musi Debussy yaiva hombe, uye iwe unogona kunzwa. Zhinji uye ndangariro Russia, kunyanya kubva achikudza mumhanzi kubudikidza Mussorgsky.

Zvichitevera muenzaniso wake, Debussy anosarudza kuwana tsigiro iri ngano, kwete hazvo yako. Muna 1889 Paris Yenyika Fair yakaitwa, uye apo munyori akataura nezvekubatsira zvekumwe Music Java uye annamitskogo vairidza. Pfungwa yakanga ichinonoka, asi paumbwe ayo munyori wacho manyorerwo ichigere akabatsira, zvakatorera mamwe makore matatu.

Salon Chausson

Panoperera pakati 80s rwunotanga kuvaka "impressionistic" Achille Claude Debussy Biography. Musi kiyi wenziyo hwomunhu asina hwakawanda, kuti vasazo- kurangarira, asi uyu - kunyanya nekuti zvakakosha. Debussy anosangana mudzidzi munyori Ernest Chausson uye nditsikewo vazhinji nevashanyi ake hwokudhirowa Salon.

Paiva kunozivikanwa vakakurumbira, vanhu zvikuru dzinonakidza dzakadai Vanyori Albéniz, Fauré, Du Parc, Phewa ipapo Polina Viardo, uye pamwe zvakaitika munyori Ivan Turgenev, akatamba ipapo violinist Ezhen Isai uye Pianist Alfred Cortot-Denis, akauvhomora Klod Mone. Rakanga ipapo ndipo shamwari Stéphane Mallarmé uye Klod Debyussi. Biography of wenziyo vafumiswa itsva nazvo, kufambidzana nomumwe munhu, ushamwari uye nokushandira pamwe. Asi ndipo apo Edgar Allan Poe kuti upenyu yakava kufarira munyori Claude Debussy.

Erik Satie

Zvisinei, iyi nguva yose vanhu ava havasi zvokuti zvakakanganisa paumbwe tarenda munyori wacho, sezvo musangano iri Montmartre muna 1891, pamwe zvavo taporom "maresitorendi mugore." zita rake rainzi Eric Satie. Improvisation, vakanzwa Debussy ari resitorendi ichi, zvaiita kwaari kugomo yakachena, munhu haana kufanana, uye kwete kafeshantannymi. Vaimuziva, Debussy uye chaizvo rusununguko pamwe yaairarama uye akataura pamusoro poupenyu yakazvimirira munhu. In nokutonga ake pamusoro mumhanzi haana stereotyping, zvakanga bitingly witty uye haana kurega zviremera.

Vocal uye piyano mabasa Satie akanga chaizvo vakashinga, kunyange asina kunyorwa chaizvo nenyanzvi. The ukama Varume vaviri yakatora kwerinenge muzvina remakore uye kumbova nyore, raiva ushamwari, ruvengo, uzere kukakavara, asi nguva dzose mupfumi kunzwisisa. Akatsanangura Debussy zvose vanofanira kubvisa rakakura okusika vasisanetswi Wagner uye Mussorgsky, sezvo hakusi French dzinongoitika tichida. Akaratidza Debussy vane ziso zvishandiso kuti kare aifarira vemifananidzo Cézanne, changes, Toulouse-Lautrec, zvazvinosarira chete kuwana nzira kuvaita kupinda mumhanzi.

Afternoon ane Faun

Muna 1893, chete kutanga rondedzero refu pamusoro dhanzi kuti Maeterlinck kuti "Pelleas and Melisandre." Zvino yatova zvichibvira noushingi shoko "impressionism" kuwedzera zita - Debyussi Klod. Biography - Story upenyu, okugadzira zvinhu, akashandura musangano munzira unyanzvi uye zvakawanda, asi zviri zvayo chinoumba zvikamu, uye huru anogara mumwe. Nokuti Debussy Zvechokwadi, okugadzira zvinhu. Kwapera gore, muna 1894-m, akafuridzirwa Mallarme kuti eclogue, uye iye akanyora "bhizimisi kadhi" pamusoro Impressionism - "The Afternoon a Faun", unmatched mune uchenjeri symphonic kuvhurira.

Basa dhanzi akarayira hwake makore mapfumbamwe. In zvakafanana, Debussy akanyora zvishoma kura chigadzirwa, asi kwete muduku chiratidzo: orchestral triptych "The Sea" ane symphonic zvechokwadi pamwero, apo mamiriro okunze vachitaurirana mumwe (nokuguma - "The kukurukura mitutu negungwa"). All Munyori mumhanzi vakava anenge akaita changes - anzwike pasi - "mavara" - vari kugadzikana, vaviri mapatani ari kaleidoscope.

"Zvifananidzo", "Martyrdom" uye "Games"

Orchestral zororo mifananidzo vakazvipira kunyika nhatu - France, Spain uye England zvakanyorwa uye akaita kwemakore manomwe, kubvira 1905. Kunyanya kunaka Spanish "Iberia" - rakajeka uye anofara magumo migove uye musiyano nocturne "Flavours usiku" iri pakati.

Muna 1911, pakarepo wakaridza yevateereri kurira Debussy, vanotova vakajaira, uye aida mutambo capricious unochinja harmonic entanglements mumabasa akazotevera ake. Harmony pakarepo akauya mweya kare, unaku zvava zvakakomba uye mari chaizvo. Yakanga mumhanzi, yakagadzirirwa chakavanzika "The Martyrdom of St. Sebastian" Gabriel d'Annutsio. Zvadaro, muna 1913, iye akapiwa kuti imwe-chiito kutamba "Games" by S. P. Dyagileva iyo Debussy noushingi uye akatora kukuru kukurira basa.

piyano

Suite nokuti Piano Debussy akasika pasi emakore rakanaka zvisingatsananguriki zhinji, anenge ose kunyange zvishoma kuridza piyano pamakonzati zvino chiuno mumhanzi uyu. Izvi zvina "Bergamasque Suite" rakanyorwa muna 1890, uye-chikamu matatu, wekutanga wakaridza muna 1901, izvo zvinogona kurondwa Tichitevedzera Rococo manyorerwo.

Kubva 1903 kusvika 1910-fung Debussy akanyora maviri kemabhuku piyano "mavambo" uye "Prints". Muna 1915, akapedza kutenderera nevaviri "Etudes", chakatsaurirwa kuna Frederic Chopin. Ushamwari Igor Stravinsky "vakanzwa" iri Suite nokuda pianos maviri "In vatema uye chena," yakapedzwa muna 1915, uye mune dzimwe Vocal mabasa iyi.

Vocal chamber mumhanzi

Zvikuru neoclassical akatanga mabasa ake Vocal wekupedzisira nguva muupenyu. Verses French vadetembi of Renaissance akava hwaro "Nziyo France" kuti Debussy apedza kunyora muna 1904, "Kufamba Lovers", izvo munyori akaisa makore matanhatu oupenyu hwake, kudzidza navo chete muna 1910, asi "Ballads Vatatu" musi Villon kuti nhetembo nokukurumidza kunyora.

Kuwedzera Vocal music, Debussy haana kusiya chamber Genre: akanyora chaizvo diki, asi inopenya chaizvo uye vava nevakawanda mabasa ose nokuda chiridzwa chavo chinonzi cello uye piyano, Viola nomutopota nembira - the nevatatu, gitare uye piyano. Akanga asina nguva kupedzisa kutenderera matanhatu mukamuri sonatas. Klod Debyussi akafa muna 1918, Paris, kubva kenza. Asi nyika tichiyeuka.