Vagari Romania, nharaunda, okunze, muzvarirwo

Romania - nyika duku iri muBalkan Peninsula pamwe kuwana Sea Black. Pane vagara akagadzirisa vanhu, saka nemagariro echinyakare vari midzi. Vagari Romania, ayo chili uye mutauro kuumba chinokosha ezvinhu munyika, izvo zviri nyore kuudza, inofanira kunzwa. Kune ngano zhinji, zvisakamboonekwa zuva, uye chipa zvokudya zvakanaka. Naizvozvo, Tours muRomania zvino vakawanda vava pakati Russian uye European vashanyi.

jogirafi

Romania riri kumaodzanyemba-kumabvazuva kweEurope uye ndiro rakakura kupfuura mamwe ose munyika mudunhu. Hurumende iri bordered ne Ukraine, Hungary, Bulgaria, Serbia uye Moldova, nemhenderekedzo kweGungwa Dema ndiye 250? Km. Nyika yacho iri pamusoro 240 akaenzana mamita. ? km. On mundima mutsetse chapfuura kumaodzanyemba Carpathians pamwe soro yepamusoro Romania - Moldoveanu (2544 m).

Romania ane vemo vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 20. Zviri nyika dzomumisha duku rinonyanya, guru guta - guta guru muBucharest rine vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 2 vanhu. Mamwe guta riri duku zvikuru kukura muna mashanu inganzi guru, rine vanhu vanenge zviuru 300 vanhu vanopinda Iasi, Constanta, kuCluj-Napoca, Timisoara. Mugove madhorobha vakawanda chinoita 53% of zvachose kwevanhu.

Nyika ine masango akawanda uye nenzizi. The huru rwizi - Danube, kureba kwayo mukati miganhu Romania anenge chiuru makiromita (chimwe muzvitatu yose urefu). Sezvo nyika apararira zvizhinji madziva inoumbwa utsotso mvura mumakomo, ivo Munokudzwa pedyo sekristaro mvura yakachena, vakawanda Freshwater hove uye nzvimbo dzokuona dzakanaka kumativi.

Climate

Yakanaka nzvimbo ndicho chikonzero kuti mamiriro ekunze muRomania vakasununguka chaizvo kurarama. A vapenyu Continental okunze dzokumaruwa pegungwa, pedyo nemhenderekedzo anogona kubudirira kukurira emhando dzakasiyana zvokurima. Weather in Romania mu chando munyoro kwazvo, tembiricha dzinodzengerera kumativi razero madhigirii, mumakomo vanogona kusiyira 10 madhigirii pazasi razero. Mumakomo echando butiro runogara anenge 100 mazuva, nebani anenge 30-40 mazuva gore. Summer ndiye akasununguka chaizvo, paavhareji tembiricha iri July iri 23 madhigirii masikati. A guru kwazvo jeka mazuva, vanenge 200 pagore.

nyaya

Ndima Romania yakatanga kugadzirisa mamwe 40 zviuru zvemakore akapfuura, vanochera matongo vakawana pano Cro kupaka. Asi nhoroondo chaiyo pakati ethnos Romanian kunotanga kumativi remakore rechipiri AD, apo eRoma vakagara mundima kare vaiva maererano nemadzinza Thracian Dacian. nheyo mbiri idzi vakava hwaro Romanians. Muzana 6th remakore nzvimbo iyi akatanga zvakanyatsorongwa kuuya marudzi itsva: yokutama Slavs, vokuBulgaria vakagara pano zvino, muzana remakore rechi9 Hungarians kuoneka. Zvose izvi ndizvo kunzwisisa madzinza, tsika uye mitauro batch mangé iyo vakaumba rudzi rutsva.

Muzana remakore rechi13, nzvimbo iyi kuva feudal kweutongi, rinowanika Moldavia uye wallachia, sezvo chikamu muHungary wehurumende ane kuzvionera Romanian Transylvania. Panguva ino, kuumbwa serfdom, pamire ane revatongi stratum munzanga. Boyars kubvuma mukuru simba hweOttoman Empire, izvo anotidzivirira uye kuzvidzora kuti pakati remakore rechi19. Romanians tora kuedza akawanda itangezve ari Turkish joko, teaming pamwe nemasimba akasiyana, kusanganisira Russia. Muna 1859, pane nyika yakabatana rinotungamirirwa Alexander Cuza. Akakwanisa kuti asunungure vanhuwo zvavo, asi rakakundwa choushe chakaita gavhuna Prussian. Yakanga chete muna 1877, vakazivisa rusununguko neRomania, iyo vaizova hugota pasi pokutonga kwaMambo Carol Wokutanga.

Somugumisiro weWorld War First, Romania aiva kukanganisa chaiye liquidation, akaponesa naye kubva Russian umambo ichi, somugumisiro muna 1917 Romania akava Transylvania uye Bessarabia. MuHondo Yenyika II, Romania aiva kurutivi Germany, mushure kukunda Soviet Union chikamu nharaunda yakava chikamu Soviet Union, uye vamwe nyika akauya pasi protectorate nehurumende yeSoviet. Muna 1989, nyaya itsva kunotanga, anouya pokuchinja, zvakazoita kuwa Ceausescu nehurumende, uye idzva ezvinhu pano - vemutungamiri zvokuvhoterwa Romania. Sezvo 2007 nyika anopinda EU, asi anoramba yayo mari uye vhiza gadziriro.

mutauro

Chero rudzi akava yakazvimirira dzinza chete kana ine mutauro wayo, uye Romania hapana anosara. yemo siyana zviri tumitauro anoshandiswa nevanhu vanogara mudunhu. mutauro The Romanian ndorwevaya Balkan-Romance boka Romance mitauro uye kuumbwa panguva mhesano anoverengeka mutauro nzvimbo. Iye ihama rokuItari, Spanish, Portuguese, saka ruzivo izvi mitauro anobatsira pakukurukura nevanhu Romanians. For 90% munyika yacho chizvarwa mutauro ndiyo Romanian, wechipiri rakajairika - Hungary. Mumaguta, vechidiki vose pamusoro penzvimbo, kunze chizvarwa, achinyatsogona Chirungu, asi ari kure nemaguta zvinogona kunzwisisa dambudziko.

vagari

Vagari Romania kwazvo ethnically siyana, zvakatungamirira kuti kwaita inonakidza tsika ine vakawanda zvinofurira uye borrowings. Paumbwe yeRomania rudzi sei Roma, Hungarians, vaMuslim, Slavs, uye izvi zvose zvakakonzera paumbwe imwe mhando yokuvimbika. 90% yevanhu nhasi tiri Romanians, 6% - muHungary Diaspora, 3.5% - the Roma. The mamwe madzinza aripo shoma: kuUkraine, vokuTurkey, Russian, German.

Nhasi, simba rinomutsa mukuwanda vagere munyika shoma, kunyange kubvira 1977 kusvika 1992, vanhu vakakura pagore nokuda 500-600 zviuru vanhu. Sezvo kuguma 90s pane kunaka nevanhu emuchina, nhasi vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 20 munyika. Nyanzvi vanoti Fani iyi Panovhurwa pamiganhu uye zvoupfumi kuderera mune zvinodiwa pakurarama. Chikuru chitendero chiKristu Orthodox, kunyange kutenda mukuru wehurumende imomo, asi ruzhinji (89%) vokuparidzira anoti chitendero yechiKristu muna Orthodox shanduro, 6% - echiPurotesitendi uye 5% - vaKaturike.

Avhareji yezera vagari muRomania - makore 40, avhareji upenyu anotarisirwa - makore 75. Kuwanda kwevarume pakuzvarwa kupfuura vakadzi (reshiyo - 1.06), uye pazera remakore makore 65 okuberekwa varume vanenge kaviri zvishoma pane vakadzi (nhamba 0.65).

tsika nemagariro

Zvakawanda Ndudzi akabatanidzwa ari Romanian vanhu, zvakakonzera netsika isina kujairika uye siyana. Nyika simba chaizvo chevarwere unyanzvi uye rwokugadzira, tsika, kuumba, nezvakarukwa, huni kuvesa, kurukiswa muri raidudzwa omunharaunda munuhwi. Romania akitekicha pakutanga kuumbwa pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu tsika Latin, akazosangana guru zvazvinoita Byzantine ezvivako. In zvivako Transylvania achiri pachena zvinoonekwa nokukwereta kubva Gothic.

zvisakamboonekwa

Romania akapfuma zvisakamboonekwa uye nzvimbo mubereko. Zvezvisarudzo chinozikamwa vari: mandirigma Castle, yakavakwa zvakavhenganiswa werudzii, wakaona pano Baroque simba, Renaissance uye Moorish tsika; Cantacuzino Palace muBucharest, achirova muumbozha dzemwoyo murongedzeri; Gothic kasitoro Corwin; Mrakoniya yemamongi remakore rechi16; Sighisoara Ages nhare uye zvakawanda.

Country Romania Rinobatanidzwa zvakasimba Dracula. Ngano iri Vampire kubva Transylvania yakabuda muzana remakore rechi14, uye nhasi wakanaka nokutengeserana nhoroondo. Bran Castle anonzi kuva nzvimbo Dracula akararama, kunyange akangwarira dzekare vanoti Vlad Tsepesh, uyo akazova kumumvuri pakati chikara, varipo chete achipfuura pano. Asi ichi kuvhara hazvirevi chisanyanya kufarirwa, sezvo anotarira zvinoorora chaizvo uye zvisinganzwisisiki. Mumwe yemauto uko chokuita Vladom Tsepeshem - ndiye Poenari Castle, inova count akakura midzi makore akawanda.

Kuwedzera nematende muRomania zvinokosha dzinongoitika zvinokwezva, ndiko nyanza, masango, mipata uye makomo, uye, chokwadi, gungwa. Guta Constanta muGungwa Dema pamhenderekedzo anosanganisa nezvaanogona ari zvishande uye Beach mazororo.

kicheni

Population heterogeneity uye Romania, ukuwo, siyana chili uye yepakutanga. Pano, udye yakawanda nyama, miriwo nemichero. Chinonyanya dzakakurumbira dhishi iri soseji, Michi kana mititei, yakagochwa pamusoro ane moto dzakazaruka uye vane piquant kuravira. Romanians vanoda mumuto, yakakurumbira zvikuru riri gobvu uye huya hunenge chorba. Kubva dheri zvigadzirwa vari inozivikanwa chizi yaigadzirwa emakwai mukaka, akafanana chizi. Romanians vari vanatenzi vari kubika chingwa, mumwe bhekari ichataura anonhuwira chingwa anoverengeka siyana, matsva.

rudekaro

Nakisisa mushanyi Kukwezva Romania nokuti kuti pane zvinobudirira mubatanidzwa mikana yakasiyana pakuzvivaraidza. Sea, makomo, wokukwezva vashanyi, chakanakisisa chili - unoziva zvaunoda tourist?! Tours muRomania anokwezva uye yakaderera mutengo, izvo zviri kunyanya kukosha kuti bhajeti mufambi. Service munyika asangana mitemo soro European, asi ukuru, zvakawedzera pafuma yekupa vanhu bypasses nyika yacho Old World zhinji.

hunoshanda mashoko

MuRomania, sezvo munyika dzakawanda Europe, akakamurwa chando uye chirimo. Kuchinja kunoitika pakupera October uye kuguma March, ukuwo. nguva Romanian kwakasiyana kuti 1 awa kubva Russian. Zvisinei, zvakafanana zvinogona kutaurwa pamusoro yose Eastern Europe.

Mitengo muRomania, zvishoma kuvatumwa muEurope zvavo, ichi kunoita nyika anokwezva zvikuru kuti vashanyi. The nyika ine kuparadzirwa National mari - the Leu Romanian, exchange mari kunogona kuitwa chero bhengi. Non-mari kubhengi kadhi muripo gadziriro kunokudziridzwa kunyanya dzisina munharaunda, dziri kure nemaguta nani Itai mari pachayo. MuRomania, isingadhuri uye dzinonakidza kunozvitenga. Kubva pano unogona kuunza yakaoma waini tsvuku, puramu bhurandi, Ceramics, yematanda caskets pamwe shinda, nezvakarukwa napkins, tablecloths, blouses nezvishongo yenyika.