Vakarufahli - rakanyatsojeka ano

Vakarufahli - chimwe chezvinhu kare siyana kutanga rwemotokari pakati marudzi akasiyana-siyana, uye ipapo vanhu masangano. Izvi mhando wezvokutengeserana kwakafanana yepanyama kuchinjana kwenhumbi pasina mari Masvomhu. Vakarufahli kutengeserana, kusiyana nemamwe marudzi countertrade, hakudi mari muwedzero kuti kuita kutengeserana.

Kuti tidzivise tengeserana zvinosanganisirawo pakaunda kutenga, tolling (akavhiyiwa tolling) Compensating nerudzikinuro kutengeserana sharuka michina. Kusiyana nemamwe marudzi ita mutengano - zvinofungidzirwa, asi zvakazara mari isina Exchange nhumbi. The yokuenzana kwezvinhu kwema izvi kunotemwa pachishandiswa mitengo nyika, idzo akabuda ari nemauto muna mubvunzo panguva.

The chibvumirano kuti ita mutengano - zviri chaizvoizvo kaviri kuti okutengesa kondirakiti pamwe dzakafanana mashoko uye mamiriro pamusoro marangirwo, mamiriro inishuwarenzi, simba majeure etc. Atova Okutanga pamusoro chibvumirano zvikuru zvakasiyana zvatinosiita vezvokutengeserana chibvumirano, nokuti mapato haigoni rinorondedzerwa so "mutengi" uye "Mutengesi", uye kazhinji anotaurwa so "mutengi 1" uye "mutengi 2" kana "Party 1" uye "Party 2". Kutaura kuti Implementation esungano vari vakagutsa chete mamwe zvokushandisa ane chigadzirwa. Saka, kana mumwe bhizimisi vachangobva ainge atumirwa mishonga kwayo kuri maererano chibvumirano, zvichaita kubhadhara kukuvadza Ukuwo ari chinhu nemashoko. Sezvo zvigadzirwa kutengeswa nyika zvinosiyana kubudikidza utility, chishoma uye cost, ipapo reshiyo ichi vanofanira pakutanga nokungwarira dzaona uye zvakanyorwa kondirakiti.

Vakarufahli - iri kutengesa mhando, riri nokuda kwakaita zvinhu zvinotevera mumamiriro ezvinhu ano:

1) kushayikwa zvakakodzera kuti kutengeserana vemamwe mukutsinhana pfuma mapato;

2) shoma siyana uye siyana zvigadzirwa pamusoro pamusika.

Vakarufahli anogona kugadzirisa matambudziko aya ari boka uye kubvumira kuti kupinda munyika kumusika, uko vakawanda kunobatsirawo yawo profitability. Zvisinei, nokushandiswa ita mutengano uye zvakabatanidzwa zvinoverengeka nematambudziko kuti vane inokanganisa zvoupfumi ezvinhu munyika. Panyaya iyi, iyo WTO bumbiro, ita mutengano kwema kusingasanganisiri okuwedzera misha zvemari pakati mutengesi uye mutengi hazvibvumidzwe.

Vakarufahli - inzira kutengeserana, kushandiswa inotungamira matambudziko. Izvi zvinosanganisira understating tsika kukosha zvinhu, zvichiita kuti nematambudziko tsika dzavo zvinyorwa panguva mharadzano wamambo miganhu ezvinhu. Izvi inokanganisa Nhamba vemamwe zvokutengeserana, uye saka zvinopesana pfungwa rakavhurika wezvokutengeserana uye kunodzivisa ari mazvake wezvokutengeserana ukama. Asi kumwe countertrade zvakazara kubvumirwa kushandiswa pamusoro WTO bumbiro. Somuenzaniso, pasina muripo zvisingachashandi zvigadzirwa motokari makambani munyika yanhasi Kukwikwidzana kunoita nyore tisina vakapona. Mukuwedzera, kwomuzuva mutengi, kunyanya munyika dzokuMadokero, vachiwedzera vanoda kuratidza hanya kwavo zvakatipoteredza, sezvo makambani edza kubatsirwa ichi.