Web-browser - zviri ... Zvinoitwa huru browsers muRussia

Web-browser - chirongwa kuti ano PC rokushandisa kana foni anoshandisa anenge mazuva ose. Zvichakadai, zvakafanana zvingaitwa vaimbova utsva kunyange IT-nyanzvi. Zvakaoma kutenda, asi pane dzimwe nguva kuti 'Web' yose rezvebonde ndotodururwa wakafukidza nyika, asi hapana Browser hariko. Nhasi, Chokwadi, web-browser - iri fanira pakuderedza usashandisa chero kombiyuta. Sarudzo iyi mhando - vakawanda. Sei zvakasiyana? Ndezvipi chinozikamwa dzakaitika zvinhu, kuratidza kwaita browsers? Izvo IT-pezvitsiga vatungamiriri kukura mukugadzirisa dzakadaro?

Chii chinonzi "Browser"?

Browser - chirongwa nokuda kuona Web mapeji (makhiriniki pamusoro servers ari Internet) - rinokosha mhando magwaro akanyorwa mumutauro hypertext markup - HTML. Chinangwa chikuru chemusha mapurogiramu aya - zvakarurama pamutemo algorithms, midzi muna HTML uye kuratidza zvose graphical uye zvakawedzerwa zvinhu "Web" pamusoro rokushandisa chidzitiro sezvazvakanyorwa nemimba nokuda creators kwenzvimbo, vagadziri, programmers.

Nhasi, ari Browser musika inomiririrwa kuwanda mhinduro. Ndeupi wavo - vatungamiriri venyika? Ndezvipi zvirongwa zvakanga pakutanga? Varipo here pakati aitungamirira ari munyika pamusika pane browsers zvigadzirwa Russian?

Browser nhoroondo kuvamba

Maererano nenyanzvi dzakawanda IT-bhora, nyika yokutanga Web Browser akaonekwa December 1990. Ipapo programmer, Tim Berners-Lee dzakabudisa Anwendung kuona mirayiro Wakanyorwa HTML mutauro, uye kushandura akavaisa rwezuva uye mamwe kwakajeka okunze akaratidza pamadziro. chirongwa ichi chainzi "Browser".

Tim Berners-Lee tamboshanda pana CERN - imwe yakakurumbira mumarabhoritari munyika, pakubata wefizikisi mabhomba inoramba. Akawana kuti dziri munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana makombiyuta vesangano kumhanya pasi kwete kupfuura akakwana gwaro Exchange womuenzaniso. Masayendisiti CERN vasina mari raizoita isu kuti kukurumidza kuwana aida mashoko Via inonzwisisika kuchinja pakati rugwaro Data ose mafaira zviviri zvakasiyana. Ipapo Tim akataura mhinduro: kuronga gwaro iri nenhungamiro "hypertext", akaonekwa 70s.

Pakazosvika nguva programmers vakatanga kuziva ake akazogadzira pfungwa (yaiva 1989), Indaneti akatotanga vakatanga kupararira pasi pose. Tim akasarudza kuti pave zvemichina kuti chichabatsira kupanana umboo nomukombiyuta hypertext kwete chete mukati CERN network, uye mune mamwe pose Manyorerwo - pakati makombiyuta "World Wide Web".

Muna 1990, Tim Berners-Lee akasika rinokosha mutauro hypertext markup (anonzi HTML - Hyper Text Markup Language). Nokukurumidza, akanyora purogiramu unokubvumira "kushandura" HTML-zvinyorwa kupinda pachena rwezuva. Browser, wakasikwa Tim akaritumidza Nexus, zvaiva nyore chaizvo; iye anogona kurambidza kuratidzwa chete tsamba uye nhamba. Ndinoshanda papurogiramu rakaramba bhururu Tim, Robert Kailliagu, nokusika shanduro dzakawanda itsva mumushonga. browsers Program akatanga kuoneka pasi dzakasiyana-siyana platforms, kusanganisira kuwedzera kukurumbira pakati Windows.

Browsers nokuti Windows

browsers kutanga kwenyika akazviratidza, saka mukutanga 90 wacho, panguva kwezana yose kuwedzera Os Windows (gare gare inonyanya kufarirwa uchishandisa hurongwa panyika). Kwenguva chirongwa refu kuti kupanana hypertext mashoko paIndaneti kuburikidza Windows haana. Asi kuwa 1992 chikwata programmers kubva American dzesangano pave Browser NCSA waMosesi, anokwanisa kushanda pasi kudzorwa Os kubva Microsoft. Pasina nguva Developers uyu chikumbiro pechingoro uye vakaparadzana kambani kutengesa munhu chigadzirwa itsva - Netscape. Browser ichi (uyewo yapfuura) anazvo, pfungwa, zvose zvinhu zvinouya dzomuzana ayo munguva yedu: maonero chinyorwa mashoko mune imwe nzira, mifananidzo uye nezvimwe zvinhu yemapeji. Uyewo, zvakanga anongoda chete zvinhu chidhiraivho sokunge ano mubrowser kero nemizariro, .. The "mberi" bhatani, "shure", etc. The kupi bumbiro rimwe shanduro waMosesi zvakatengwa Microsoft uye nemakore '90s akasika chirongwa chavo nokuti vachivhura web - Internet Explorer (kana kureva). Izvo, nemhaka Windows kwakapararira, chainyanya rakakurumbira munyika mhinduro kwemakore akawanda. Asi mukupera 90 wacho - mangwanani 2000 vakatanga kuonekwa browsers itsva, zvinosvika zvinobudirira makwikwi kubva Microsoft nepurogiramu. Nhasi, kureva - iri asisiri undisputed mutungamiri waro chidimbu (kunyange zvayo mukurumbira Zvechokwadi, achiri yakakwirira kwazvo).

Pamakore kana mumusika zviri kuchangotanga mubrowser rakatanga kuonekwa zvakasiyana siyana mhinduro kuti mukwanisi dzavo functionality. Kune vaya zvinosanganisira dzakasiyana siyana Anti-utachiona modules. Zvikurukuru, muna 1996 Russian kambani "Doctor Web" kwakatanga dzakasiyana maererano nyanzvi dzakawanda, mhinduro.

Ichi chinhu Anti-utachiwana module Dr. Web Browser. chokushandisa Izvi zvinobvumira vanoshandisa kuongorora mafaira kuti chirwere kuburikidza paIndaneti chimiro. Chirongwa Russian, senyanzvi dzakawanda vanotenda, aiva kumumvuri ari "gore" antivirus michina, chete kuwedzera kukurumbira nhasi.

vakwikwidzi kureva

Pakati inobudirira zvikuru zvinogadzirisa, izvo zvava rinogona kutsiva Internet Explorer - Opera, Google Chrome (kana isu nezvazvo pezvitsiga yose), Yandex-Browser (purogiramu Russian). Nokuda chokuti mushure yose kukurumbira pachake makombiyuta vakatanga kuwana Mobile midziyo, munewo zvakasiyana-siyana browsers nechazvo. Kunyanya, iOS-pachikuva - zviri Puffin chirongwa. About sei paiva browsers zvose izvi, uye avo chikuru features, tinokurukura ikozvino.

google Chrome

Browser Google Chrome - chimwe chezvinhu zvakakurumbira munyika nhasi. Zvisinei, ayo pasi rose hutungamiri hazvishamisi ano IT-Nyanzvi. Browser ichi wakasika munhu Google, ine kare panguva-kuti-musika chirongwa (matsutso 2008) kuti mamiriro yose IT-hofori. The ramangwana ribudirire mhinduro yakanga, nyanzvi dzinofunga nyaya nguva. Panguva iyoyowo wakabudiswa ne Google-Browser akapa nyika yakawanda kuti chepakutanga. Akakwanisa kuti rakasiyana raivapo panguva iyoyo neShanduro (akadai Somuenzaniso, Opera, Mozilla FireFox).

The dzinonakidza zvikuru ndechokuti Google inotungamirira kwenguva refu nguva haana kumbofunga nezvokusika makambani Browser-vakapiswa. Mamaneja Corporation anotenda kuti kumusika kuti urongwa yagara yakakamurwa. New browsers, vaidavira, musika nyika kugamuchira. Mumwe mushandisi akasarudza wakazviitira kufarira mhinduro, asi nekuti pasina vavariro zvikonzero kuti zvatinofarira ikapiwa kubva Google purogiramu. Uyezve, kwaiva kutyira pamusoro zvaibvira kukundikana Browser. Izvi vaimurova vane muchiso mukurumbira.

Zvisinei, mumusasa dzesangano vaiva iyi vanenge vakasarudza - "Google" zvichabviswa akasika-Browser. Nokuti chigadzirwa kukura, kambani vakaripira yakanakisisa indasitiri nyanzvi. Uye kumwe asi kubva Mozilla kambani, kwakasimbiswa mumwe zvakanakisisa panguva Browser. Somugumisiro, tinowana mhinduro, wakange zvose mikana yose vabudirire. Google Chrome Browser akabudiswa mutambo maziso: chiedza, nyore kushandisa, kutsanya uye chaizvo akanaka panyaya yokugadzirwa chaionekwa yose IT-munharaunda, uye zvakakoshesa, vanoshandisa zhinji ine rukuru. Wokutanga shanduro "Chrome" zvaiva Windows. Asi kare muna 2009 kwaiva neungano Browser, kugona basa pasi Linux uye MacOS.

Chrome: bhizimisi iri mhando

Sezvatakamboreva apa, vakawanda IT-nyanzvi dzinodavira kuti Browser "Chrome" kubva Google akava akabudirira kunonyanya kukonzerwa nzvimbo yokuvaka. Financial Mikana Corporation, maererano nyanzvi, tsunga chemhando yepamusoro chirongwa. Pasinei chokwadi kuti pfungwa iyi maonero kune vavengi, vazhinji zvinhu zvingaratidza kuti mari mikana Google vakaita basa rinokosha pakuita kubudirira mubrowser rako.

Zvakakwana kuyeuka kuti kambani hwakaronga chirongwa kuziva kubatsirwa mune chirongwa. Mune rimwe avo Google pave kuripwa mari yakawanda yacho IT-vanachiremba izvo kuwana zvinokosha kubva nemaonero kuchengeteka zvikanganiso ayo mubrowser kudzivirira hurongwa. Mune zvimwe zviitiko waiva mugove emamiriyoni emadhora rutsigiro kwakadaro. Other Makambani-Developers kuti magadzirisiro yakafanana kwakadaro mari, nyanzvi dzinoti, vakasagona. Chokwadi, vaifanira kubhabhatidzwa kuti "mubayiro" aida kuva hackers kubva pasi pose. Vakaputsawo mukati dziviriro ino, yakange kurwa vaine Google-mubrowser muna ichangobva shanduro uye vakaudza adzikinure mubhadharo, software kukura mapoka sei vakazviita. Chokwadi, hapana Muchuchisi wacho pasi pemurairo apo akanga asina (kunyange kugura, sezvo tichiziva, mhosva). Nokudaro, muna inotevera shanduro Browser "Chrome" rakanyorwa kwakavakirwa "makwapa" maburi. Izvi vasingagoni nevakawanda vane vanoshandisa, nyanzvi dzinodavira. Sei chirongwa Google yakaoneka riri kuwedzera nhamba makombiyuta pose.

vanozvishandisa Saka vazhinji, "Google" akanaka-Browser haana kudaro nemhaka vakachengeteka zvinhu, sezvo nokuda laconic uye dzemhando yepamusoro zvikuru design, hakusi runowanzoitika vakawanda zvakafanana mhinduro. Mukupesana, vakawanda vakaedza aikwikwidzana Google, maererano nyanzvi, "kuti zvinhu" zvavo purogiramu nhamba dzakasiyana mashandiro. Iyo, sezvo zvikazooneka, handizivi chaizvoizvo vanozvishandisa (uye kunyange vanogona chaizvo "sipidhi" maitiro).

Facts pamusoro chromium

Google anofadzwa nenyika IT-Developers, kwete chete pachake Browser kwayo, asiwo chokwadi kuti musika wacho zvabudisa kumbonyanya rakasiyana chigadzirwa - chromium. Izvi zvakare purogiramu yokuona Web mapeji. Iye, anogona kunzwisiswa se kubva consonance pamwe huru Browser, pedyo chaizvo nayo yemazuva ano. Asi zvakasiyana, uye zvinokosha. Chrome Browser - Google chikuru chigadzirwa pakati zvakafanana mhinduro. It ndehwokuti kupa zvebhizimisi zvinodiwa kambani. Zvakawanda nechokuita ayo kukura, nyanzvi munoti, rakavharwa. The chromium, zvinozoita - Ane yakavhurika panobva web-mubrowser. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vanogona kubatsirwa anenge munhu wose programmers kubva pasi pose.

Chromium sezvo ari oga Browser, maererano nedzimwe nyanzvi, muduku mu functionality kuti "hama" ayo. Zvisinei, sezvo nyanzvi dzinofunga Izvi hazvishamisi. Minimum "yakazara" chinhu - rusununguko nokuda okugadzira zvinhu chechitatu-party Developers. Asi chinokosha User zvombo zvose browsers kubva Google (uyewo avo vakasikwa nedzimwe programmers kwakavakirwa chromium) ndiro. Huru rwokugadzira zvakwakanakira yakananga kuna Chrome, iri uyewo chromium - kumhanya ichishanda, nyore inowanikwa uye kuzvidzora.

Open tsime, iro rakapa yenyika Developers the Google, paruchaitika nechitarisiko vazhinji browsers, wakabudiswa Based pamusoro chromium. Vangave mazita akasiyana (chokwadi, akaiswa sezvo wepachokwadi vorongerwa mumwe vamwe), asi, zvamazvirokwazvo, ndiye mumwe chete papuratifomu. Zvikurukuru, anozivikanwa makambani akadaro Russian, kufanana Mail uye Yandex kuramba Browser yavo kunobva chromium.

Opera Browser: Air dambudziko vatungamiriri venyika

Mukutanga 90 maviri Norwegian programmer Jon Stephenson of Tetzchner uye Geir Ivars callers aishanda rimwe remasangano foni makambani. Muna 1993, kusarudza pamberi pavo - kuumba Website wekambani yavo. Vakaita izvi, zvisinei, akazoona kuti chinonyanya akakurumbira chisarudzo panguva - waMosesi - haasi akakodzera chaizvo nokuti kuratidza padandemutande mapeji. Pasinei chokuti kunyange ipapo paiva itsva munyika browsers akagadzirirwa kuva nzira pamusoro waMosesi, Jon uye Geir akafunga kuti achasika purogiramu inogona kushanda mamwe padandemutande magwaro nomazvo. Wokutanga shanduro chikumbiro akazviratidza chete 1993. Chirongwa ainzi MultiTorg Opera uye yaizongoshandiswa zvinodiwa kambani-mushandirwi Jon uye Geir. Asi gore papera pakava mubrowser rakaitirwa munhu akazivikanwa nechekare pasi yemapuraneti pamwero. The zita yakatorwa kubva yapfuura mhinduro zvachose. The Browser itsva inozivikanwa, maererano nyanzvi, shoma kudyiwa ezvinhu zvedu. Vazhinji IT-Nyanzvi makore iwayo kumbotarisira yose kukurumbira purogiramu.

Muna 1995, Jon uye Geir wakateya kambani yake - Opera Software AS. Nechekare muna 1996, pakava chirongwa akasikwa pasi idzva muchiso zita - Opera 2.0. Maererano nenyanzvi makore iwayo, Browser kuzvigona ayo basa pawebsite Quick Start. Nokukurumidza pakava chetatu "Opera". Internet mubrowser ikozvino, maererano zhinji IT-nyanzvi, uye zvose echimurenga - nayo, chaizvoizvo, zvakakwanisika basa multi-hwindo kwadzinoita. Uyewo ari chirongwa kwave chinozoiswa car-ukaguta padandemutande siyana, akasimba kuchengeteka dzakati rakatangwa. Wechina shanduro Browser akazviratidza ari oga e-mail nemhosva.

Muna 2000 ndakaona chiedza shanduro "Opera" mumutauro wokuRussia. Kwemakore, Norwegian Browser rinogara hwakavandudzika. Zvino uye paiva itsva zvinhu uye mabasa. Zvikurukuru, Bhaibheri 8.0, yakabudiswa muna 2005, pakava izwi kuzvidzora. In okunatsiridza siyana chepurogiramu vakanga chinozoiswa chidhiraivho yepakutanga (akadai Somuenzaniso, "paging mbeva"). A akakodzera shanduro Opera Browser vakasikirwa Linux, MacOS. mukurumbira chaizvo zvakanga Mobile shanduro chirongwa.

Browser "Opera", sezvo nyanzvi dzinofunga zvakakwana zvinoratidza zvinodiwa nguva apo Indaneti chaiva kunonoka (uye kana vachitsanya, ipapo inodhura kwazvo) makombiyuta vanhu vakawanda - kwete zvakare zvibereko. Zvishoma nezvishoma, repaIndaneti gwara mwero yakawedzera, zvinoderedza mari kuiwana. Computers vave risingayereki simba zvikuru. Uye nekuti huru nhoroondo mukana browser - nokumhanya kubudiswa pawebsite - akarega kuva inokosha kudaro. nyanzvi idzi kutsanangura chokwadi kuti Opera ano musika nzvimbo kure kutungamirira. Zvisinei, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa, muRussia mubrowser ichi - pakati zvikuru nevanhu (maererano mamwe manyuko, vanenge 15% Internet vanoshandisa muna Russian Federation ape usada kuti Norwegian chirongwa).

Browser kubva "Yandex"

The kambani "Yandex" - chimwe chezvinhu kucherechedzwa Russian IT-pezvitsiga munyika. Zvino Russia guru search engine, imwe yenzvimbo dzine mukurumbira tsamba uye nhau mabasa. On makombiyuta akawanda Russian vanoshandisa peji "Yandex" - huru. Muna 2010 boka akabudiswa yayo Web Browser. The chaizvo rokusarudza, iro akaonekwa pamusika, yave iri pedyo kusangana ne vakapiswa mabasa "Yandex" - .. Search injini, email, Satellite mepu, etc. Yandex-Browser akashamisa vanoshandisa zhinji kukwanisa kupa mazano akasiyana mhanyisa kuwana runodiwa mashoko. Vazhinji Zvaiita tsvarakadenga inowanikwa, vamwe chaizvo nyore management.

tinogona kutaura kuti akasika kambani "Yandex" web-browser - iri 100% Russian kukura? Chokwadika kwete. At chinoumba yepurogiramu - kunobva Bumbiro chromium, zvakazara akazarukira IT-vanachiremba pose. Sezvatakamboreva kumusoro, munhu anogona kusika chinhu Browser anoritsanangura (chokwadi, chii chinoitika - zvino inobva chromium akasika vamazana, kana kwete zviuru, inozivikanwa uye kwete saka zvirongwa padandemutande Browsing). Naizvozvo, tinofanira kubvuma (mu pasina nzira pokuzvidza zvemashoko "Yandex" Company) - basa guru iri kubuda dzakakurumbira Russian Browser ndohwavo Google.

Puffin: Browser nokuti iOS

In yechipiri yezana 2000s, vava kuwedzera kukurumbira Mobile midziyo munyika. Mumwe muzvigadzirwa kuitika setters mu chidimbu ichi chaiva kambani Apple, izvo akasunungura mitsetse wandei mano vaimhanya vakapiswa uchishandisa hurongwa - iOS. Under papuratifomu ichi (uyewo yemakwikwi - .. Android, Windows Mobile, etc.) akatanga kubudisa browsers itsva kubva munyika kutungamirira Software makambani. Opera, Google nemamwe makambani inonyatsozivikanwa ndakasika zvinogadzirisa kuti vari inowirirana midziyo kubva Apple. Zvisinei, pamwe kugadzirisa izvi kwava dzakakurumbira chaizvo Browser Puffin Web Browser. Ndezvipi zvinhu chirongwa ichi?

Shandisai iOS kuchikuva ndechokuti haritsigiri rimwe munyika zvikuru nevanhu Multimedia michina - Flash. Nokuda kwechikonzero ichi, vazhinji nzvimbo, zviri inovakwa pachishandiswa neezvitendero ichi, zvinogona kuratidzwa pamusoro Apple mano haisi chaizvo yakarurama. Puffin Browser rava mhinduro zvakagadzirirwa aivabatsira vanozvishandisa dambudziko iOS-mano chokuita kuona nzvimbo apo pane Flash-kugutsikana. Nyanzvi uye vanoshandisa uyo akaedza chirongwa ichi, taura nezvazvo yose akanaka chaizvo. Huru basa vakachengeteswa browser - kutamba isipi-mafaira, akaita zvakanaka.