Yakabwinyiswa aruminiyamu nemaoko avo sei, maturusi namano

Aluminum munhu hwakanaka nyoro simbi. pakupedzisira Chero chigadzirwa kubva anorasikirwa yaro yepakutanga chimiro, pamusoro pemvura sevanhu vaneta, ivo oxides, chigadzirwa rinosvava. Kana uchida kupa zvinhu ekare mutsva rudzi, zvinofanira yakabwinyiswa aruminiyamu. Kuti aite izvi, mumwe anotevera nzira inogona kushandiswa:

• electropolishing;
• mushonga makorari;
• decoration etching.

aruminiyamu makorari nzira: mushonga nzira

Michina Izvi zvakatipoteredza ushamwari, nyore uye zvakanaka nokukasika. Zvinokwanisika kuziva, pamwe asidhi nemishonga simbi, izvo Ichashandiswa yacho makorari kugeza. Kana bhuku basa iri zviduku, zvinokwanisika kushandisa crucibles dzakagadzirwa porcelain. The mudziyo izere asidhi mhinduro:

• sulfuric;
• nitric;
• Phosphoric.

Products vari kutura kupinda inopisa mhinduro, tembiricha vanofanira siyana 90 kusvika 120 ° C, chokupedzisira mutengo achaenderana mamakisi ose aruminiyamu. Anofumurwa aruminiyamu sezvamunoita anofanira kuva mukati masekondi 30 kana maminitsi, kudzokorora chiito anenge 6 nguva. In pakati zvikamu vashamba, uye vanofanira kuramba guda.

mishonga yakabwinyiswa aruminiyamu zviri nani kana wakashandiswa dhiramu kutenderera velocity. Pashure pokupedza manipulations zvakadaro pamusoro pemvura kuchaita kutaura yemhangura foil. Zvinofanira kubviswa nokuda rinsing pasi pemvura ane tembiricha yakaderera. Izvi zvinofanira kuitwa mumusungo. Muchikamu chinotevera pavaipfuura chigadzirwa kupatsanurwa 30 muzana nitric acid.

Okuwedzera kurumbidza mabasa

Aluminum makorari anogona kuitwa alkaline dambudziko:

• trisodium phosphate;
• yavaibvisa nitrate;
• caustic mushaba;
• yavaibvisa nitrate.

tembiricha kwavo kunofanira kuva akakwirira sezvo zvichienzaniswa acidic nzira, muganhu ndiyo 120-140 ° C. Products vanofanira kutsungirira anenge 5-20 seconds. Kana nzira iri kushandiswa, kurasikirwa achava akaenzana aruminiyamu vanenge 8 microns yose rukoko ukobvu.

Kushandiswa electro-

Aluminum makorari anogona kuitwa mune imwe nzira. Saka zvinoita kuti vawane kupenyerera uye anotsvedzerera penyika, uye kuchenesa iri yemhando yepamusoro. Electrolytes mabasa akadai kakawanda ive sulfuric uye phosphoric acid, vamwe zvinoriumba achavaponesa acho.

Electrolytes anogona kuzadzisa Gloss pashure kupera. Nokuti izvi tembiricha vanofanira kudzika pane kana pamusoro apa, tembiricha muganhu akaenzana 60 kusvika 90 ° C.

Makorari kunofanira kuitwa kwemaminitsi 5, ukuwo ano arambe achirema kungava akaenzana 10-50 A / dm². Process nokuti makorari cathodes kunosanganisira kushandisa vatungamirire, asi pane dzimwe alloys kuti variritire kushandisa Stainless simbi. Makorari zvinoda kushandiswa duralumin kuturika, uyewo electrolyte bhati pamwe polyethylene, kutungamirira kana PTFE kugadzira. Unofanira kugadzira alkaline electrolyte, ivo kudhura.

Mukuita parameters huchachinja Kuronga electrolyte, tembiricha muganhu dzinosiyana 40 kusvika 95 ° C pamusoro dzokupisa, izvozvo kunotora 3 kusvika 6 maminitsi, nepo ano arambe achirema panguva anode iri panogumira 3-20 A / dm². Kusarudza cathodes, nickel ndiyo inodiwa.

Features decoration etching

aruminiyamu makorari nzira kungava decoration. nzira iyi anoshumira subspecies ose electropolishing. Aluminum alloys chinopinda ne anodes hurumende phosphorus-chromium electrolyte. Pamusoro pemvura nyaya vakaumba crystalline muenzaniso chine chimiro zvigadziko kana chando. On the anode tsvimbo kutamba zvose, uye ipapo unogona kutanga kurapwa. Bata yaifanira panguva voltage pamusoro 25-30 V. Pachapera voltage vanosimuka 35-40 V, ari anodic ano arambe achirema akaenzana panogumira 8-12 A / dm², apo tembiricha achizosiyana kubva 50 kusvika 80 ° C.

Inenge maminitsi 20 gare gare pachena mufanidzo. Kana voltage vachatanga kumuka akasununguka, tinogona kufunga kuti kwacho kwapera. Yapera bata zvigadzirwa vashamba, zvakanaka kuomeswa, voitakura kunze anodizing pamusoro pavo. Aluminum ari ipapo muti makemikari pendi.

Mirrored aruminiyamu anogona kuwanikwa neimwe nzira kubwinya uye anodic etching, unonzi iskritom. To chigadzirwa ichi pamberi uye pashure kwacho iri pasi kudziyisa arapwe chinokosha zano. Unogona kushandisa anodic etching "Snowball", izvo zvinoita kuti pave matte pamusoro pamabwe.

Chii nzira nani kushandisa pamba

The namatidza nokuti pakuonekwa imwe inonyanyoshandiswa kushandiswa zvombo kumusha makorari aruminiyamu. Izvi imhaka yokuti makemikari nziyo akasiyana virulence, vane ngozi dzoutano hwevanhu. Makorari inogona kushandiswa:

• sandpaper;
• kukwesha brushes;
• lacquer;
• mamvemve;
• rokuchenesa zvigadzirwa nokuti mhando doro.

Kana uchisarudza sandpaper kunokosha kwete overdo pamwe zviyo, nokuti zvingadai kuti abve anokwenya. Kuti uvandudze kusakara nemishonga uye Gloss lacquer nani kushandisa.

Zvinoumba electrochemical makorari

Electrochemical makorari kuti aruminiyamu anopa Implementation pakati yakafanana basa nemakemikari uye magetsi zvinofurira. Maererano mabikirwo yakadaro nzira ava chikamu anode electrode, izvozvo zvakabatana zvakanaka DC zvitengeswa kunobva. Workpiece aine unoburuswa kuitika pacho inofanira achinyatsotaurira gungwa riri yakazadzwa electrolyte. Basa rechipiri electrode akafumura cathodes mhangura.

Kushandisa makorari muchina

Machine nokuti makorari chinhu nyore kupa aruminiyamu yemabviro Gloss. Unogona kushandisa Buff muna 1000, iyo wakanyorova nemvura. Chipanji kana jira rinofanira kushandiswa kupatsanurwa mvura mugove. Uyezve zvaisanganisira makorari muchina 1400 kumukira paminiti. Kana kwakadaro pfapfaidzo zvazvingava Muchazviparadzira kumativi 1 m.

aruminiyamu pamusoro achava pakutsamwisana nemvura achava sasana. Unofanira kugadzirira chokwadi chokuti denderedzwa zvichabviswa Akarovera aruminiyamu "Porridge". Naizvozvo, miniti dzose muchina anofanira kumiswa kurigeza ngaakuyire vhiri ane nyoro chipanji pasi mvura inoyerera. Kuti izvi zvidaro, vamwe mhizha vanoshandisa kwakajairika bryzgalku.

"Porridge" zvinofanira kucheneswa kunyange mashoko. Kubwinya panze, kana mukaramba anowedzera akashandisa akanzwawo. Danho Ichi chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha. Zvichaita kuvimba kubva 80% yokupedzisira mugumisiro. Felt zvinofanira kuwedzera 10 mm mhiri nechepasi denderedzwa anofanira yakakanyiwa, kudiridza bryzgalku ake. Detail wakanyorova ane nyorova chipanji. The namatidza rinoshandiswa rodzai ine, kushanda kwayo yaifanira pamusoro workpiece pane denderedzwa.

mhedziso

aruminiyamu kukwenenzverwa nemaoko ake anogona kuva akasiyana-siyana achishandisa, asi mumwe inonyatsobudirira chinhu namatidza. Hazvina dzine amoniya yokuvirisa uye anogona kuchenesa chinhu zvinyoronyoro kubva anokwenya uye roughness. With Chimiro ichi zvinokwanisika kuita pakutanga kubwinya. Unodzivirira rukoko kuti siya oxidations chitarisiko kwenguva yakareba.