YaMZ-238: michina maitiro. Diesel injini nokuti rinorema motokari

Diesel injini munyika nhasi yakaiswa pamusoro nemarori, nematarakita anofamba, purazi nemotokari uye nematarakita anofamba. Domestic dzomuzana hwakavimbika wokumwe Motors iri YaMZ-238. Zvinonzi yakaiswa pamusoro anozivikanwa nzira dzakadai chakarova, KRAZ, KAMAZ, žil, DON, K-700 uye mamwe motokari. Chokwadi, injini pakutanga nokuda kweShanduro Minsk Automobile Plant. Asi nokufamba kwenguva, I zvakaratidza kuti YaMZ-238 injini ane nokurondedzerwa marefu, ndiyo yakanakisisa Diesel injini yacho USSR uye post-Soviet nzvimbo, uye unogona kukwikwidzana nyore chete anozivikanwa pezvitsiga akadai MURUME DAF.

tsananguro

YaMZ 238 unotsiva yechinyakare YAAZ-Motors 204 uye 206. YAAZ akanga ava 50s kunozivikanwa Soviet mugadziri Chernyshev GD, uko kwaiva munyori YaMZ-236.

Injini akamuka mukurumbira wayo nokuda akavimbika dzavo uye kugarisana vane mota zhinji uye nematarakita anofamba. Pava nemakore 65 kubva pakagadzwa wokutanga injini, uye zvinobatsira injini ano chete akura. Nyore kushanda, kugadzira uye kugadzira akaita YaMZ 238 chinokosha chokushandisa vakawanda wekurima uye kuvakwa makambani, vanoshandisa motokari yavo motokari iyi.

Chokwadi, kwemakore akawanda kukura uye okusuma michina mitsva, injini ichi akagashira yakawanda okunatsiridza, asi zvinokosha mamiriro hachina kuchinja, chete vaiva padzimwe kwakaitwa zvinonyatsorehwa chakagadzirwa.

rwokugadzira unhu

Funga YaMZ-238 nokurondedzerwa motokari.

Injini ine V configuration pamusoro sepombi 8 izvo akarongwa 2 pemitsara. Mavharuvhu 16 uye zvinopa akanaka kusunungurwa jekiseni. Sezvakanga 236-m, kuti pisitoni ronda riri 140 neMM, mumwe humburumbira dhayamita 130 mm. Liquid YaMZ injini kutonhora hurongwa 238 inopa kunonyanyisa kushanda uye asingauyi overheat injini.

The vanoshanda Vhoriyamu 14,866 litres uye simba maererano nadzurudzo kungava 235-420 horsepower. YaMZ-238, ane hwokugadzira maitiro kubvumira dzimwe nguva kuti vave vachikwanisa anosvika 500 horsepower, yakasimbiswa kwete chete yemutemberi, asiwo motokari nevamwe ronga mashoko. Uyewo pane shanduro itsva kushandisa turbocharging, achipa mamwe chivimbo uye traction panguva oparesheni.

mudziyo

Pump YaMZ-238 - a mafuta pombi, izvo unganzi mafuta chiteshi. Zvinonzi munzvimbo pokuwa simba chikwata uye anopa huni mumwe humburumbira nomumwe, uye jekiseni rinoitwa pakarepo.

On injini chinogumbura musoro wakagarira maviri, izvo zvakagadzirwa kukandira simbi. Camshaft hwendarira kugadzirwa nevanhu vachinyatsogona rwokugadzira. Huru simba chikwata chakagadzirwa kukandira simbi, uye crankshaft chakagadzirwa mukukutu workpiece vytachivaniya nzira.

The jekiseni Hurongwa inovakwa kuitira kuti pressurized YaMZ kupomba 238 anomununura parafini injectors kuti aite jekiseni. Mafuta jekiseni midziyo pamusoro injini ichi ndechimwe chezvinhu akakwana munyika. Taipa hurongwa plunger, ine Centrifugal batira, iro pacharo inodzorwa.

Reflux pistons kunoitika kubva kumusoro-simba aruminiyamu, izvo ambotirega asina akatyoka pasi rinorema braking. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane itsvedzerere mhete uye zvitatu compression.

YaMZ-238 nokurondedzerwa uye magadzirirwo riri hwakavimbika uye nyore, ane upenyu basa 800 zviuru. Km, uye nokungwarira zvakakodzera zvinogona kuwanika mamiriyoni 1 makiromita.

Installation iri dzimwe motokari

YaMZ 238 vane nokurondedzerwa marefu, anogona kuiswa pa dzimwe motokari. Saka, alterations pasi marori, kuvaka uye okurima michina. Somuenzaniso, pamwe YaMZ KAMAZ-238 akaratidza kwazvo, nokudaro achidzikisa mafuta kuparadzwa, kusiyana chepakutanga Kama motokari.

Chokwadi, pane mota dzakawanda taifanira Redo ari fastening zvinhu simba Unit, akaisa rimwe hutachiwana, asi zviri wakanzi wakarurama kosi nazvo uye kugadziriswa.

kugadzira

Engine kugadzira YaMZ 238 ndakaiswa zvakakwana nyore kana kuzvipa nounyanzvi. The chikuru dambudziko iri kutsvaka haringakupembedzi migove, asi vagadziri vakawanda mukana kusarudza kubva-siyana. Pakatanga dambudziko yakawedzera kuti Pricing mutemo, asi isingasviki injini vemamwe gadzira.

Chimbofunga, nokuti izvo handingadariki zvikamu vanochinjwa kakawanda apo achiita kugadziridza zvikuru, izvo kaviri YaMZ-238. Magadzirirwo muchiitiko ichi, zvakare, kutamba basa rinokosha, sezvo pane nezvizvarwa zvevazukuru injini, uye saka pane zvakatosiyana. Saka, isu nyora handingadariki zvikamu nyora:

1. Mafuta seal crankshaft uye camshaft.
2. Kubereka kuti / mugodhi.
3. Gilzokomplekty (plunger munwe ruoko, rin'i).
4. unobva tsvimbo bushings.
5. Mavharuvhu chiutsi uye Inlet.
6. Valve zvigaro.
7. Guide bushings.
8. Oil seal mavharuvhu.
9. Inoisa zvizvarwa uye unobva netsvimbo.
10. Filters.
11. Oil.
12. Gasket.
13. Uye zvimwe zviduku nhengo.

Kana kugadzira vari kazhinji humburumbira nechigumbuso uye crankshaft inozviisa pasi rokuvakazve akaberekera hukuru, uye humburumbira musoro uri pasi ndege. Avhareji mutengo mikuru pakugadzira YaMZ-238 anenge 80000-100000 rubles, zvichienderana nenzvimbo yacho uye akasarudzwa kupembedza nhengo. Zviri isingadhuri pane kutenga imwe injini itsva.

sevhisi

Shumirai YaMZ-238 (vane nokurondedzerwa vane yakakwirira nemigumisiro) zvikuru nyore. Saka, nguva dzose yaitsiva mafuta uye filters haazorambi chete kutanga upenyu zvizere, asi dzimwe nguva, kupfuura izvozvo. Funga zvinofanira kuchinjwa nguva một:

• The mafuta ari Vhoriyamu 25 litres. Ndizvo sei yakadururirwa muinjini. Sezvineiwo, ichi akanaka Diesel lubricating Urume akadai M10G2K uye M10DM.
• Oil firita. Zvichienderana akagadzira uye okunatsiridza inogona kuva akasiyana hukuru uye mhando.
• Chinotsva filters kuti akatsiva kunofanira, nokuti unhu mumhuri mafuta murombo.
• Repair Kits zvinonyadzisa uye nomucheka mafuta kucheneswa.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kuverengwa injectors uye yakakwirira kumanikidzwa mafuta pombi.