Yana Villendorfskaya: tsananguro, kukura, maitiro. Yana Villendorfskaya rechi21 remakore

Yana Villendorfskaya runoonekwa sezvo zvino munhu aiti, mureza runako Paleolithic. A figurine duku unoratidza mukadzi corpulent, kwakawanikwa muAustria muna 1908. Chizvarwa Venus, masayendisiti anoratidza, ndiyo 24-25 zviuru zvemakore. Uyu ndiwo mumwe nemagariro zvinhu zvikuru yekare akamboona Panyika.

Paleolithic runako

Zvidhori izvi, vanochera matongo akatanga kuwana kubva pakati rokupedzisira remakore. Vose dzinoratidzira vakadzi kura siyana uye yomusi Upper Palaeolithic. Nyika iyo zvakawanwa izvi zvakaitwa, rakakura zvakakwana kubva ichindosvika kuPyrenees kuSiberia. Zvidhori All (uwandu - mazana anoverengeka) ikashandiswa nhasi kunzi "Venus Zvidhori". Pakutanga, zita mwarikadzi weRoma runako zvaishandiswa jest: Figures zvinosiyana zvakawanda kubva akagamuchira canons vanhukadzi muviri mufananidzo. Zvisinei, akanga wakaiswa uye kushandiswa kwose kwose nhasi.

mamirire zvinhu

Yana Villendorfskaya uye statuettes yakafanana vane nhamba zvokusarudza kuti kubvumira chokubatanidza vapinde muchikwata chimwe ounyanzvi. Ichi curvy chimiro, musoro diki, haasisina dzepabonde maitiro, ari kugara asipo kana kudzidza diki maoko netsoka. Zvidhori zhinji nedhaimani serin'i siluetti. Ndicho Vhoriyamu mufananidzo - mudumbu uye magaro. Makumbo uye musoro duku zvikuru, sokunge kuti aumbe vertices yacho rhombus.

Pakati vanotsvakurudza pane gakava pamusoro kana chivakwa yakadaro anoumba mufananidzo muviri chaiwo, anowanikwa mamwe African avanhu (steatopyga), kana chinhu chokubereka chitendero.

Yana Villendorfskaya: tsananguro

Rimwe Paleolithic Zvidhori yakawanikwa pedyo neguta Willendorf muAustria. Muna 1908, pano panzvimbo aimbova brickworks vakanga vakachera, uye ikozvino pane shongwe duku muchimiro yakawedzerwa kopi akawana nenhamba.

Yana Villendorfskaya saizi iri dikisa -. Of masendimita 11 chinomiririra akashama mukadzi ane akanyanyisa vawedzerwa mazamu, magaro makuru uye hombe dumbu. Musoro Venus, kana tichienzanisa muviri, ndizvo chaizvo diki uye asingauyi kunge akatsvaka kuti chiso features, asi zvinonzi yakashongedzwa zvakanaka akagadzirirwa tenzi pfira yekare. ruoko mukadzi akaisa pamusoro bhokisi hombe uye harwuna mupfupi, tsoka zvisipo.

zera

Nhasi, unogona kuwana mashoko kuti Yana Villendorfskaya - ichi ndicho chinonyanya vekare vakawana mifananidzo vakadzi. Zvisinei, mamiriro acho ezvinhu ane siyanei. Yana Villendorfskaya, maererano masayendisiti, yakaumbwa anenge mamiriyoni 24-25 apfuura. Chokwadi, munhu vemazera. Zvisinei, pane zvakawanda yakanyungudutswa yekare: Venus pamusoro Hohle Fels (mamiriyoni 35-40 years), Venus Věstonice (makore mamiriyoni 27-30).

Mukuwedzera, nenhamba maviri dzakafukurwa pakupera remakore rapfuura, iye akavamba kujeka. Kana zvakaratidza kuti akasika maoko evanhu, kwete anozoumbiridzwazve weathering, kuti Venus wenyika Tan-Tan uye Venus pamusoro Berekhat Ram achava mukuru Zvidhori (300-500 uye 230 zviuru. Makore ukuwo), unoratidza mukadzi.

zvinhu

Yana Villendorfskaya yakagadzirwa porous oolitic reraimu. Zvinofadza kuti zvinhu zvakadaro hariwanikwi munzvimbo umo vakawana chifananidzo. Nokuti dzimwe nguva kwakabva Venus aiva chakavanzika nevaongorori. Kukwanisa kusimudza chifukidzo pachivande Natural History Museum kuVienna, apo chiverengero inochengeterwa nhasi. Zvichida, asi reraimu rakanga racherwa pedyo Czech neguta muBrno, riri anenge 140? Km kubva Willendorf. Heino Stransky Rock, mumwe reraimu massif riri pedyo kwazvo sezvamunoita zvinhu Venus. Zvazvinosarira asingazivikanwi kana nhamba unoitwa muguta muBrno kana Willendorf, apo mashoko uchakumikidzwa.

Chimwe dzinonakidza pfungwa - the statuette pakutanga akafukidzwa dzvuku ocher. Chokwadi ichi anotaura nyasha kubvuma ane tsika chinangwa Zvidhori. Kakawanda ocher akafukidzwa zvinhu zvechitendero.

faceless

Kushaya chero mhando raiva kudzidza chiso zvinhu sezvo uchapupu nyasha shanduro iyi. Kare zvainzi vaidavira kuti munhu - okuti nechokunze unhu. Kunyimwa sezvo nhamba ake embody zvinopfuura chete vanhu. Zvichida Yana Villendorfskaya uye statuettes vakanga zvakafanana mutsika yake anoramba kubereka Chitendero, achikudza nevana, chokubereka, zhinji. Wakakurisa mudumbu uye magaro kunogonawo kuratidza rutsigiro uye kuchengeteka.

Hatifaniri kukanganwa kuti kare kwedu wamadzibaba zvokudya kuwana basa chero zvakaoma kure, uye nzara yaiva chiitiko kakawanda. Saka, vakadzi vane curvaceous kuonekwa zvakanaka yakakodzwa, utano uye akapfuma, vakakwanisa vana yakasimba uye akaomarara.

Zvichida Venus Zvidhori vaiva pachake mwarikadzi, kana kushandiswa sezvo mazango, achikwezva rombo rakanaka, kubereka zviratidzo, kudzikama, kuchengeteka, uye kuenderera mberi noupenyu. The mhinduro chaiyo pamusoro chinangwa nenhamba chinowanzoitika, masayendisiti hadzizombozvizivi, nekuti nguva yakawandisa yapfuura kubva pakusuma dzavo, uye zvishoma uchapupu wakasiya iyoyo.

The kuitika reshiyo

Vanhu vanoona Venus kuna Willendorf kokutanga kuti sei nawo dzakasiyana. Mumwe mukadzi nemwoyo nokuyemura sechiratidzo rusununguko kubva nhasi huripo pfungwa nevanhukadzi runako (a Barbie mudhori, 90-60-90, uye zvichingodaro). Venus unowanzonzi kunyange chiratidzo kwevakadzi mumwoyo ari. Mumwe munhu asingapotereri inotyisa mifananidzo nokuda kwayo kusajairana. Muchidimbu, sezvakaitwa pamwe vakawanda chinokosha mabasa ounyanzvi, Yana Villendorfskaya, mumwe manyorerwe kuvakwa iyo tinoberekwa zvose Paleolithic Zvidhori, hunokonzera kupfuura dzinopesana manzwiro.

Vamwe vemifananidzo panguva iri rine rakafuridzirwa. Mumwe migumisiro rokusika mufananidzo kubudiswa rava anonzi Yana Villendorfskaya remakore rechi21 - chifananidzo chinhu kukwirira 4,5 metres, basa rimwe vakapedza Academy of Arts muRiga. Somunhu kumumvuri, yava akapiwa yakavhenganiswa maitiro kubva vatsoropodzi uye vanhuwo paruzhinji.

Zvazvisingarambiki ndechokuti ari Venus pakati Willendorf - mumwe mukuru mabasa ounyanzvi, chapupu chimwe zvekare panguva. Zvinobatsira kuti nguva iri kure kare, kunzwisisa sei kugadzikana kuti dzemunharaunda neururami yokunaka, sezvinoita tsika midzi yaizivikanwa kwatiri nhasi. Kufanana vose vatorwa uye kujairika necheseri nenzira isingachinji upenyu uye mafungiro, rinokurudzira kuti uzvione uye nhoroondo shoma nemamwe maonero, nechokwadi chokwadi zvitendero uye nevanhu, regai okusika femero kubvisa vakafa uye ossified.