Vermeer Yan: mifananidzo. Dutch painter Jan Vermeer

Painter Jan Vermeer ndeimwe nomukurumbira Artists ose vanonzi Golden Age rechiDutch art. Zvinonzi sechinhu tenzi kare pamusoro Genre yomufananidzo uye Genre kupenda. zita rake riri pamusoro ndima chete Frans Hals uye Rembrandt. Sezvo nzvimbo yaakaberekerwa uye rufu iguta pedo The Hague, mune Russian tsika Ndimi uchanzi Yan Vermeer Delft. Munyaya ino tichakurukura kutarisa upenyu uye basa iri rokupenda.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Musi chaiwo aberekwa, isu hatizivi. Asi iye akabhabhatidzwa rokupedzisira October 1632 mune rimwe yeko kereke Delft. Kusiyana pfungwa dzose mhuri yakakura iyoyo, baba Jan Vermeer aiva, asi mwanakomana, mwanasikana. Aiva panguva yokuberekwa hama gumi nemaviri. About mai muuki Digna Baltes, tinoziva dzinenge hapana. Janson Reyneer akatama kubva Antwerp kuna Amsterdam muna 1611 uye akanga achiparidza kugadzira sirika. Vatoroorana, iye akatamira kune Delft ndokutenga yevaeni. Hatizivi zvikonzero, asi nokuda kwechikonzero Akashandura zita rake uye zita. Muridzi hotera "Mechelen" Zvino akanzi Reiner Van Vos. Haana scored kurukiswa uye akabatana neboka revanhu vaipfura St. Luke - chitoro, izvo vakabatana vose vanoita mifananidzo. In ichi "pamwe" mugore upenyu maviri okutanga uye akabatana Vermeer Yan, vane mifananidzo mumakore mashoma akazunungusa nyika.

inotungamirwa

Chimwe chinhu chiri pachena: Mwanakomana haana kuenda tsoka dzake yababa uye akadzidza kugadzira nesirika. Ndianiko akatora uchiwana zvidzidzo? Nekuti kuti kuva nhengo neboka revanhu vaipfura Saint Luke, zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti awane musoro tenzi. Uye ichi, akavapindurawo, akanga pashure zvishoma makore matanhatu kudzidza uye kugara mamiriro kudzidzira. Pakunyora kuti Yan Vermeer Delft akava nhengo chikwata, ndiwo magumo December 1653. Saka ndakasarudza ari basa uye akatanga kudzidzisa kuyaruka regumi namashanu rokubata upenyu. Ndiani aiva mudzidzisi wake? Vatsoropodzi vakawanda vanobvuma kuti kuva kana Leonart Bramer, kana Gerard Ter Borch. Panewo shanduro asina kuwanikwa muvhidhiyo hwokuti okutanga matanho nemicheka yakaisvonaka art Jan Vermeer akabatsira Carel Fabritius, aimbova mboni Rembrandt. Unconditional rokuchinja wechidiki Artist aiva Pieter de Hooch. Vermeer Anotsiviwa werudzii yake Genre kupenda mune mifananidzo yake. Asi Hooch kugona kuva mudzidzisi wechiduku shasha, nekuti aigara Delft chete muna 1652.

upenyu Personal

Vachiri mumiriri chinzvimbo munhu tenzi vakasununguka neboka revanhu vaipfura Saint Luke, Jan Vermeer akaroora. sarudzo yake raiva Catharina Bolnes, mwanasikana muzvinabhizimisi aibudirira, kushandisa fekitari kuti vachiridzira zvidhinha pedyo Delft. Paaienda muchato vanoda tichimirira chipingamupinyi, asi kwete zvinhu zvakasikwa. Chokwadi kuti Jan Vermeer aibva mumhuri muPurotesitendi, uye mwenga wake - kubva Catholic. Amai vomusikana, Maria Bolnes, pakutanga akanyatsoramba kusvika wacho kurudyi wake mwanasikana. Zvakatora kurevererwa Bramer, uyewo Catholic, kuti mwoyo mai yemberi mutemo chakanyevenuka. The muchato kwakaitika April 20, 1653. Maererano chibvumirano, vaviri vakatamira mumba romwenga. Asi womufananidzo rakapfuurira kutsigira mai vake, avo vakamhanya hotera. In Jan Vermeer uye Catharina Bolnes akaberekwa vana gumi, asi gumi chete vakapona mucheche. Artists nguva kakawanda vanoratidzwa ake pamatende madzimai kana vadiwa. Handina kugara kutsauka muitiro uyu uye Vermeer Yan. Kunstwerke dzimwe nguva wairatidza Catarina. Somuenzaniso, tinogona kuona kwake pamuviri iri kanivhasi "Mukadzi masimbi."

Career kukura

mhuri wakadhirowewa kwaisava murombo. Pakutanga zvokudya mhuri yakakura yakabatsira hotera "Mechelen", iri huru pamusika mativi ose Delft. Dutch Artists kazhinji kwete urombo. Paintings uye zvinhu vakashandisa unyanzvi vakanga chaizvo kudiwa mune Dutch muvanhu. zvishoma tarenda vatenzi pari kuunganidza pfuma yakakura, uchishandisa zvigadzirwa zvakawanda mwedzi. Asi Jan Vermeer haana kufanana kumhanya. Akanyora mifananidzo miviri mugore. nenungo kwakadaro zvakaipisisa achiita mai wake mutemo, asi kwete vanoitisana. Vakanga vakagadzirira kubhadhara mifananidzo yake yakawanda mari. The chikuru admirers yacho tenzi vaiva Hendrick Van Buyten naJakobho Dissius, nomubiki uye vanobudisa Delft. Chokwadi chokuti mufananidzo Yana Vermeera vomunguva vakaonga, runoratidzwa ndechokuti the artist akanga kaviri akasarudzwa wedhipatimendi neboka revanhu vaipfura Saint Luke (muna 1662-1663 uye 1670-1671, ukuwo).

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Tenzi Genre kupenda uye kukosheswa sezvo unyanzvi mutsoropodzi. Chokuita ichi ndicho chete muupenyu Vermeer rwendo kubva muguta. Angadai kumbosiya Delft kana Frederick William I, Elector Brandenburzhskomu, haana kupa kutenga muunganidzwa veRoma uye Venetian mifananidzo. Kuti akadzinga womufananidzo sezvo mududziri Hague kuona nepakatanga mifananidzo. Vakapona notarial chiito, iyo inoti kuti tenzi Yordans Yakob uye Vermeer Yan mifananidzo kuwana zvechokwadi uye kukodzera chegumi kubvunza mutengo. Yakadaro nyasha Artist opera mazuva ake muurombo. Zvakatanga hondo Dutch-French, izvo kwemakore manomwe 1672. Art tengeserana ndakadaro. Vermeer akamanikidzwa kukwereta mari zvokudya mhuri huru. Muna 1675, nyanzvi yokudhirowa arwara ndokufa. nhaka yake kwabva chikwereti.

Vermeer Yan: nguva yokutanga okugadzira zvinhu

Master Young vagara pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu Italian Baroque. Mifananidzo yake mangwanani anoti akakura uye kutobaya mifananidzo. The Artist kunoreva nyaya dzechitendero ( "Kristu muna Mariya mukoma wake Marita"). simba rake uye tenzi Dutch pamusoro Genre mufananidzo pamusoro Pieter de Hooch. ndeake yakazviwanira kuenderera uye kubudirira mune mifananidzo yose Vermeer. Anokosha mufananidzo uyu nguva inogona kunzi krupnofigurnoe kupenda "The pimp." Zvinonzi vaidavira kuti nhamba kurudyi - kuzvipira mufananidzo the artist. Zvinoumba mifananidzo "The pimp 'yakajeka, azere ouduku nechido uye utere. Tone ruvara noushingi pamwe sonorous makwapa akasvibirika yakaisvonaka ruvara. Kubvira mukupera 1650s Artist kuchinja mufananidzo nenzira. Akanyora duku kupenda mumwe kana kupfuura vanhu uye rinonyanya kunyange nyaya sezvo mukuru mweya, zviri kuitika yacho. Zvisinei, iye akabhadhara tikanyatsoteerera mashoko, kufungisisa chiedza kunoshandura richienda muguta duku mukamuri. Typical izvi nguva mifananidzo vari "The Girl pamwe tsamba", "The Milkmaid", "Lace".

Jan Vermeer "Girl ane Pearl mhete"

Ndiwo yakakurumbira mufananidzo womufananidzo. Ndezvenguva Hague Museum, asi anenge asina kubata pasi panzvimbo - saka Kazhinji Tours nyika. Musikana anofananidzirwa ari mufananidzo unowanzonzi "North Mona Lisa." Tenzi zviri paguva asvika yepamusoro shasha yake. Young musikana - akafanana muenzaniso kusimba romukadzi. jira All zvapararira kusingaperi lyricism. Dzoro misoro nemaziso kudzivirirwa, pearly yebhuruu ruvara sikavha pamusoro rima background, sokunge rinopenya. Ndiani vanotaurwa muna mufananidzo Yan Vermeer? Girl ane Pearl mhete ... Zvinogona Mary - mwanasikana mukuru the artist. Asi, sezvo vavengi vanoti pfungwa iyi maonero, dangwe mumhuri akaonekwa 1653. Naizvozvo, panguva iyo mufananidzo (1665) Mariya aiva gumi chete. Chero raiva musikana ari pamufananidzo, zvichiri pachena pamusoro mwanasikana womufananidzo wacho.

zvichangobva mifananidzo

Pakupera 60-ies pakati nemanomwe remakore, yokudhirowa akachinja ndeake zvishoma. Iye zvino ane mbiri kufarira misoro kuoneka. Izvi naanamai uye vakadzi vari mhare kukurukura, ufungisise waini kana kuridza mumhanzi ari riwande Hwakagadzirawo nzvimbo. Somuenzaniso, "Rudo Letter" uye "Musikana ane gitare." wechipiri dingindira A - vanhu nechido nezvebasa ravo. The kuongorora pfungwa munhu anoratidzwa mune mifananidzo kuti "nyanzvi", "Geography", "In the artist Studio." Labor uye Employment wevakadzi - imwe nyaya, iyo inotaurwa panoperera upenyu hwake hupfupi Vermeer Ndira Painting "The Lacemaker", "The Lady ari spinet", "Mukadzi ari Blue vachiverenga tsamba" uye "The musikana kuedza musi chishongo" - yakajeka Swatches kwenguva the artist.