Andrei Rublev: mifananidzo uye mifananidzo

In Russia uye kwenyika inozivikanwa zita - Andrei Rublev. Icons uye murals zvakasikwa pachishandiswa muuki anenge matanhatu emakore akapfuura, ari chiwanikwa wokuRussia unyanzvi kwechokwadi uye fadza kuti aesthetic pfungwa vanhu vachiri.

mashoko okutanga

Kupi uye rini akaberekwa Andrei Rublev - harizivikanwi. Pane kufungidzira kuti zvakaitika izvi kumativi makore 1360-70, kuMoscow hugota, kana mu Veliky Novgorod. Information pamusoro kana tenzi akatanga kunyora zviso Vatendi inowanikwa Ages munhoroondo magwaro. Kubva "Utatu Chronicle", vakawana muMoscow, zvinozivikanwa kuti sezvo mumongi (mumongi), Rublev dzakapendwa Theophanes the Greek Prokhorov Gorodetsky chapero pamusoro Prince Vladimir Dmitrievich, mwanakomana Dmitriya Donskogo.

The iconostasis St. Vladimir kuti Cathedral

Makore mashomanana gare gare, aaisitaura "Utatu Chronicle", vari pamwe chete yakakurumbira kuvake painter Daniil Cherny akadzorera Vladimir kubvuma Cathedral mushure nechisimba Tatars akanga Andrei Rublev. Icons, vanoumba chete Ensemble pamwe Pamifananidzo achiripo kusvikira nhasi. Zvisinei, muna zvikuru nguva Catherine yakare iconostasis haana chaienzanirana kuitika fashoni, uye akakurudzirwa kubva Cathedral kumusha Vassilyevskoe (zvino - Ivanovo nharaunda). Muzana remakore rechi20 icon rukaporeswa, vamwe vavo vakapinda kuunganidzwa of State Russian Museum muSt Petersburg, mumwe chikamu yakaiswa State Tretyakov Gallery muMoscow.

Deesis

The nechepakati Chikamu iconostasis pakati Vladimir, vanoumba mifananidzo kupendwa nokuda Andrei Rublev, rakava Deesis ( "nokuteterera" muchiGiriki). Pfungwa Its chikuru - kutonga kwaMwari, riri pakati Orthodox vanodana kutyisa. More chaizvo - ndicho pfungwa rinopisa kureverera kwevatsvene Kristu asati rose rwevanhu. Image zvapararira yakakwirira mweya rudo uye tsitsi, kwamachinda uye tsika runako. Pakati pachigaro choushe - Jesu ane vhangeri yakazaruka muruoko rwake. The Nhamba akanyorwa tsvuku nedhaimani, ruvara ichi inomirira youmambo uye panguva chibayiro nguva chete. Rhombus anoiswa mukati mutema-yebhuruu denderedzwa, inomiririra pamwe kwevanhu pamwe naMwari. sezvamunoita izvozvi uri tsvuku pachivara, mumwe pakona iri nowenyika veevhangeri mana - Mateu, Mako, Ruka, uye Johani. Soft noruvara zviri maererano tetepa mitsetse tsananguro.

Kunyanya zviso Saints mufananidzo

Chii chitsva akaita mufananidzo Muponesi Andrei Rublev? Icon pamwe mufananidzo waMwari yaivapo Byzantine mutsika, asi chinoshamisa mubatanidzwa simba yakatarwa zvinoshamisa kupfava uye nounyoro kunoita chisikwa muuki unmatched uye nemamwe. Mufananidzo Kristu Rublevskoe pachena kuonekwa cherudo Russian vanhu kururamisirwa. tariro zvinoyevedza yoruvazhe - wakarurama - muzere mifananidzo vasande, achinyengetera kuna Jesu. The pakuonekwa Mhandara izere minyengetero uye kusuwa, uye mufananidzo Mubhabhatidzi kuverenga asingatsananguriki kusuruvara yose rwevanhu naiyewo akanyengerwa. Devotedly kunyengetera vaapostora Muponesi Ioann Zlatoust uye Grigoriy Veliky, Andrey Pervozvanny uye Ioann Bogoslov. Sezvo kunamata vatumwa pano anorondedzerwa kuti ngirozi huru Gabriel uye Michael, zvifananidzo zvavo vazere vokudenga yakatarwa runako, kutaura nyika inofadza kudenga.

"Spas" Andrei Rublev

Pakati iconographic mifananidzo tenzi, pane ounyanzvi dzakawanda, izvo vanoti zviri mufananidzo "Kristu."

Andrei Rublev akatora mufananidzo waJesu Kristu, uye zvirokwazvo ruoko the artist guru akasika mabasa akadai "Pantocrator", "Mutsvene Face", "Muponesi Golden Hair", "Kristu mu mambo". Achisimbisa anoshamisa mupfungwa softness Ishe Rublev kufembera chikuru chezvinonhuwira Russian National yakanaka. Haasi masanga range, chichipenya inodziya chiedza munyoro. Izvi zvakanga asatenderwe pamwe Byzantine tsika, umo chiso Muponesi akanyora zvakasiyana unobatwa ane achisiyanisa manyoro uye shava pakanyorwa kurerutsa zvikuru akarongwa pameso hazvishandi.

Kana iwe enzanisa nechiso chaKristu, vakasikwa Byzantine tenzi Theophanes rechiGiriki, waiva, maererano zvimwe zvinyorwa, mudzidzisi Rublev, nemifananidzo mudzidzi zvakanyorwa, tinoita kubva musiyano wakajeka mumagadzirirwo. Rublev anoisa pendi zvakanaka, achisarudza musiyano zvinyoronyoro kuchinja chiedza mukati mimvuri. Rezasi läpinäkyvä ingi akaturikidzana anoratidza kuburikidza pamusoro, sezvinonzi kuzvidhori kuyerera mukati chiedza nyarara vanofara. Ndicho chikonzero iconography yake inogona nechivimbo kunzi luminiferous.

"Utatu"

Kana sezvazvakanyorwa vachinzi, icon "Holy Utatu" Andreya Rubleva - mumwe mukuru zvisikwa yeRussian Renaissance. At moyo kwayo - akakurumbira ebhaibheri nyaya pamusoro sei Abrahamu akarurama vakashanyira Mwari vatatu mumwe ari muchimiro vatumwa vatatu.

Gadzira mufananidzo "Utatu" by Andrei Rublev anodzokera nhoroondo mufananidzo Utatu Cathedral. Yakaiswa kurudyi Gate ramambo riri pasi Sezvaitarisirwa, nhamba yacho iconostasis.

Chakavanzika "Holy Utatu"

The Zvinoumba icon inovakwa kuti kwokufananidzira nengirozi vanoumba kwokufananidzira denderedzwa - chiratidzo asingagumi. Vanogara vakakomberedza tafura mbiya, riri musoro nzombe yechibairo - chiratidzo kudzikinurwa. The nechepakati uye akasiya ngirozi kuropafadza mbiya.

Zvinokonzera vatumwa, tinoona imba waAbrahamu, pamuouki pasi yamakagamuchira vaenzi vake, uye yepamusoro peGomo reMoria, apo Abrahamu akaenda kubayira mwanakomana wake Isaka. Ikoko, pashure, munguva yaSoromoni, temberi yokutanga akamutswa.

Pachivanhu zvinonzi vaidavira kuti nhamba inoratidza avhareji ngirozi Jesu Kristu, kurudyi rwake neminwe vakayambuka inomirira isiyo kuteerera kuda kwaBaba. Ngirozi kuruboshwe - ndiwo mufananidzo Baba, kuropafadzwa mukombe Achanwa Mwanakomana kuti kudzikinurwa kwevanhu vose. ngirozi Right kunoratidza Mutsvene rakaonekwa kuti mvumo raBaba neroMwanakomana uye achinyaradza uyo achakurumidza chibayiro pacharo. Saka ndakaona Holy Trinity Andrei Rublev. Icons kwayo kazhinji nguva dzose azere mukuru simvolisticheskogo inzwi, asi ichi ndicho kunyanya simba.

Kune Zvisinei, vatsvakurudzi zvakasiyana zvichishandurwa ne compositional kuparadzirwa zviso Holy Trinity. Vanoti kuti anogara pakati Mwari Baba, shure izvo anofananidzwa semuti Upenyu - chiratidzo simba uye kwakakwana. On muti uyu, tinoverenga mumapeji eBhaibheri (inokura rokutanga mubindu reEdheni) uye mapeji aro okupedzisira, apo tiri kuona muna New Jerusalem. Left Angel iri pakanyorwa mamiriro, iyo inogona runotaurwa House Building Kristu - Church Yake Universal. Ngirozi zvakanaka tinoona necheseri pamakomo; ndiko mugomo Mweya Mutsvene wakaburuka pamusoro vaapostora mushure Ascension kwaKristu.

It anobatsira basa rinokosha munzvimbo icon ruvara. Rinovhenekera aine goridhe, kwemvura nyoro ocher, mutema, denga-mutema uye akapfava rwepingi zvenzwi. Kufambira ruvara kuchinja maererano zvishoma nezvishoma yakatenuka musoro, fambisa maoko chinyararire agere ngirozi. In likah nhatu vanhu uMwari zvakavanzika unearthly kusuruvara uye panguva imwe chete - kunyarara.

In mhedziso

Wanda uye zvakawanda mifananidzo Andreya Rubleva. Photo pamusoro izvo pane zvifananidzo zvouMwari, tipei isinganzwisisiki pfungwa chivimbo chokuti zvinoreva zvose uye upenyu hwevanhu ose - rudo uye maoko vanokwanisa.