Zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka. Zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka kune vana

Tsumo uye tsumo ndezvimwe zvemaitiro evanhu vemarudzi akasiyana. Izvo zvakakanganisika muchokwadi pakuti mune imwe mutsara mutsva zvinokwanisika kuratidza hupfumi hupenyu hwehupenyu hwezvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevanhu, kushamiswa nehupamhi hwepfungwa, kuratidza tariro netariro, kufungidzira kunaka uye mifananidzo yemutauro. Pamusoro pekuita basa ravo zvakasiyana - ndeye zvirevo uye zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka, vanhu, zviratidzo zvezvisikwa, maitiro eunhu hweunhu. Kune dzimwe dzakawanda mimwe misoro uye mazano.

Small folklore genres

Kumabasa ekugadzirwa kwemarudzi mashee, majee, mabhuku, nziyo, zvirevo, mazwi uye mamwe maitiro.

Chirevo chirevo chidimbu chekufananidzira, umo mune zvinoreva zvinogumira. Hazvibvise kushandiswa kwemhanzi uye rhythm, iyo inobatsira kuyeuka chirevo chacho zvakanaka.

Tsumo iyi yakafanana netsumo. Kusiyana kwayo kukuru ndechokuti haina kudzidzisa, kukosha kwayo kwekudzidzisa hakusi kwakanyanya. Hapana pfungwa yakakwana yekutaura. Chirevo ichi chakagadzirirwa kurongedza mutauro, kupa mutauro mufananidzo, chiedza, zvitsva.

Somuenzaniso, dzimwe zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka zvinonzwika sezvi:

• Ne mhumhi mhuka-mhumhi mhere.
• Kati yakarara, asi inoona mbeve.

Mushure mokuverenga mazwi akafanana, uko ma heroes ariwo mhuka, zviri nyore kuona musiyano pakati pemhando idzi:

• Wakafanana nemakati ane kittens;
• Sezvo kana mhou yakanyengera rurimi rwake.

Mamiriro ezvinhu ekuvapo kwemaitiro

Mazhinji emashoko ekufananidzira anoshandiswa pakutaura nhasi, akazvarwa mazana emakore akapfuura. Uye zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka dzemhuka dzinoonekwa sechekare, zera ravo zviuru zvemakore. Pasinei neizvi, mashoko anoramba achirarama, achiita mabasa edzidzo, achigadzira mutauro wedu.

Icho chimiro chikuru pane iyo chirevo chinoramba chiri muchiyeuchidzo chevanhu ndechekubatana kwayo neicho chaicho chiripo. Kana izvi zvisingaitiki, kutaura hakusi kushanda, uye mushure mechinguva inokanganwika zvachose.

Usatadza kuona kuti itsva, yakarurama, zvinyorwa zvemashoko zvinowanikwa mumazuva edu. Mamwe acho akabudirira zvakasiyana, ivo vakapinda mutauro uye vanoshandiswa pairi neavo vakasikwa munguva yekare. Zvinonakidza kuti mazita evanyori vezvirevo zvemazuva ano nemashoko hazvisati zvazivikanwa, kana kunyorwa kunopikiswa. Uye basa racho rinogona kuve rakakodzera kunzi maitiro ehutano hwevanhu.

Chinangwa chekushandisa zvirevo nemashoko mukutaura

Basa guru iro rinofungidzira, rakagadzirisa, rakanyatsotsanangurwa zvinyorwa zvinogutsa ndeye dzidzo yevanhu. Hazvibatsiri pazera rei munhu. Chirevo chacho chinogona kuratidza kukanganisa kwevana kwete chete, asi vanhu vakuruwo zvakare. Anokwanisa kutaurira nzira yekuita mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Zvakakosha kuvimba mazano anopiwa muchirevo. Mushure mezvose, yakagadzirwa pamusana pezviitiko, zvakaratidzwa nemazana emakore.

Zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka kune vana zvinonzwisisika. Kunyanya kana mwana achiri muduku zvakakwana. Ndicho chikonzero chekuti muzvikamu zvevana, pamwe nemamwe mabasa, pane zvirevo zvizhinji uye mazwi pamusoro pemhuka.

Zvichipiwa chinangwa chikuru chemhando idzi dzevanhu, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti zvavanoreva zvinofanira kunge zviri nyore kufungidzirwa nemunhu. Ndicho chikonzero mazwi akakosha echirevo nemashoko akajairika kune vose, haafaniri kutsanangurwa mamwe.

Mhemberero yekuonekwa kwezvinyorwa zvakakodzera

Mushure mokuverenga chero yezvirevo kana mazwi, unogona kuedza kuziva chikonzero chekuonekwa kwayo mune imwe kana mutauro. Nhasi, masayendisiti ave atogadzirisa ruzivo munharaunda iyi yemabhuku. Vanoshevedza mamiriyoni akawanda, nekuda kwekutaura kwedu kwakagadziriswa nekushanduka uku.

Chokutanga, izvi zviitiko zvezvakaitika kare, zvakatungamirira pakuberekwa kwezvimwe zvakataurwa zvakajeka. Somuenzaniso: "Isai nguruve", "Mamai akapfuura."

Chechipiri, ruzivo rwemagariro evanhu uye hwezuva nezuva rwakakonzera hukuru hwekuonekwa kwemaitiro mashoma evanhu. Akave ndiye anokonzera kuberekwa kwevakafudzi vakawanda, kubatana kwakasimba kwemashoko. Zvirevo nemashoko pamusoro pemhuka zvakare akasvika kumutauro wevanhu vakasiyana-siyana kubva munzira yavo yehupenyu.

Chinhu chechitatu uye chakakosha chekuberekwa kwezvirevo uye mazwi ndezvezvinyorwa zvevanhu uye zvinyori zvekunyora. Zvizhinji zvinoshandiswa zvakanyanya kushandiswa kwekufananidzira zvakabva pamhemberero ("maererano nechikumbiro changu, maererano nemurairo wepikisi"), nhoroondo, nhoroondo.
Zvinyorwa zveMunyori zvakapa hupenyu kumashoko, nhamba yayo inogona kufananidzwa nezvirevo zvakazivikanwa uye mazwi. Semuenzaniso, munhu wese anoziva mazwi akadaro: "Ndiri kusvetuka sezvinoita gorosi riri mugumbo", "Ndakagara patsika rakaputsika," "Ndakanga ndisina nguva yokuputsa shangu dzangu," "Ndaizofara kushumira, ndiri kurwara," uye "mambo haana kupfeka." Mumwe nomumwe wavo anoonekwa sekutaura kuzvimiririra. Kunyangwe zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti mazwi aya ose anotorwa kubva pamabasa evanonyora.

Kuumba Mifananidzo

Chirevo nechirevo zvinokwanisa kuita mabasa avo ekutanga chete kana vane mufananidzo mavari. Kugadzira zvinyorwa mune zviduku zvinyorwa zvinyorwa, nzira inoshandiswa inoshandiswa - zvinyorwa.
Semuenzaniso, zvirevo zvakawanda pamusoro pemhuka zvinonzwisiswa kwete zvakananga, asi nenzira yekufananidzira.

"Pasina gona uye bhiza harizoiti," - chirevo ichi chinotaura kuti kukundikana, matambudziko zvinogona kusangana nenzira yeupenyu hwevanhu vose. Iwe unongoda kuve wakakunda kukunda chipingamupinyi.

Asi chirevo "mhou iri mudivi - grub patafura" inogona kuonekwa nekureva zvakananga. Upenyu hwemurume kubva kwenguva yakareba hwakabatanidzwa nekuvhima, uye gare gare - nemhuka dzaakagadzira. Kukosha kwoukama uhwu kunoratidzwa nezvirevo pamusoro pevanhu nemhuka. Ivo vari muhuwandu huzhinji mumarudzi ese epasi.

Kubva munhoroondo yekuunganidza

Shanduro yekutanga yezvirevo zveRussia uye mazwi aiva nemashoko 2500. Yakasunungurwa muzana remakore re XVII nemunyori asingazivikanwi.

Muzana rezana remakore rechina, V. Dahl akaita sangano rakafanana, asi akanga atova nemashoko anenge 30 000. Zvose zvavo zvakakamurwa kuva mapoka. Vaverengi vanogona kuwana nyore, semuenzaniso, zvirevo pamusoro pemhuka, basa, kudzidzisa, upfumi, kana chimwe chidzidzo chekufarira. Mutsara wezvirevo uye mazwi aVal uye nhasi ndeyechido kune denderedzwa guru revaverengi.