747: Aircraft zvokunyaradza vanoronga

Munyika yanhasi ine avhiyesheni utongi zvibodzwa motokari hombe mapapiro. In akatevedzana subsonic mutakurwi Flights vari Hofori wandei anogona kusimudza mumhepo mazana mana - vanhu mazana mashanu panguva imwe zvinofambidzana. On dzavaigara inomira kunze "747", uyo vanoronga mukati kuchaita vafambi kuposita zviviri mutakurwi shop panguva imwe chete.

Size nyaya

Nguva yepashure pehondo kwakaratidzwa putika kudiwa avhiyesheni musika. Global kukura mutakurwi yomumugwagwa eThe ari sixties kuisa mainjiniya nehanya "Boeing" dambudziko. ndege magadzirirwo zvaaifanira kaviri vatungamirire panguva, "manomwe namakumi manomwe." National kambani "Pan American" haadi kutsungirira aibuda vanhu vanoda kuita nendege nendege mu pfupi zvichibvira nguva. Izvi waitwa naye kuisa nyoro kuti kuvandudza, kugadzira, kuongorora uye chokuendesa makurusa ndege munyika turbojet huru.

kuwedzera okuwana

"Pan American" akasangana tarisiro "Boeing" utungamiri uye akarayira maviri nezvishanu ndege yokutanga rimwe zana makopi mutyairi chiitiko. Kwapera gore, muna 1971, ari vendege akaisa chinhu kuti imwe nhamba ndege "Boeing 747 200", mukati vanoronga kuti uye injini zvakawanda simba akabvumira kuwedzera uwandu payload vakatakurwa mungarava.

Ndege Zirume akavaka, akaedzwa uye vanopupurirwa nemakore asingasviki mana, inova pfupi zvikuru, kunyange itsva yemashoko ndege duku. Aviakontserna huripo chirimwa haabvumirwi kuvaka motokari hombe saizi kwakadaro muzvitoro zvavo. Ndivo panongova haana kufanira. Kunyanya pasi "747", vanoronga mukati iyo inopa nokuda kweimwe yokumusoro uriri, uyewo kukwira ari nzvimbo yemutekenyi pamusoro rokumusoro uriri, fekitari itsva Everett, rakavakwa Washington.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Basa rakanga nokukurumidza kumhanya. Chete kirasi itsva ndege wekambani "Pratt & Whitney" akagadzirirwa oversized turbofan injini pamusoro ndege huru indekisi JT9T. The chikwata ane mukuru yokunzvenga reshiyo uye anogadza nhamba vezvikwata mana, vaviri nomumwe bapiro. An dzinonakidza Chokwadi ndechokuti kambani aenda zvishoma minimini. Kuti dzinoita yokutsiva iri vakundikana injini panhandare dzendege, kure kubva basa pakati kambani, mamwe injini hunowedzera nguva yave kuiswa pasi fuselage, pedyo nokuwedzera kwenhamba injini maviri. Saka ndege anyatsoronga akanunura kupembedza injini uputsei vaainamata murume, kutora kure pamwe michini shanu yakaiswa, asi kuronga chete mana.

Chimwe dzinonakidza chokwadi Rinobatanidzwa refu mberi vatyairi pamusoro chikara ichi. Kuti kuva mune ramangwana vezvikepe ose 747 piloting unyanzvi uye pfungwa nokukurumidza pane kukwira ichi (uye kunzwa kuti akurumidze panguva kukwira ichi hakusi nyore - nayo kunonzwisiswa yekudyidzana kuvatumwa chaiko), akanga afunga rinokosha Simulator. Padenga murori kumisa kushanda vezvikepe muna kwokunyepedzera ndege kabhini "Boeing 747". Driving motokari mukati uye maumbirwo pedenga rayo akabvuma mukana vakachengeteka nokushanda chemasanganiswa mune namahwindo nzvimbo. Akashandisa kudzidzira taxiing nzira, iyo yokupakira uye kupinda pre / Executive vomurova vezvikepe ramangwana. The Simulator ainzi "Van Waddell" vachikudza Jack Waddell, wokutanga bvunzo mutyairi kuti nyaya idzi.

pwititika kutarisira

Development rutsva pamasikiro ndege rakakura kudai uye kuvaka kumboitika kukura chirimwa rinenge akaisa boka vatarisana kusauka. Zvisinei, multi-mamiriyoni dhora mari kubva kutengesa okutanga yemashoko zvakazara recoup mari achiuyisa nepakati aviakontserna pamusoro asingawaniki pamberi ichi chechetere.

Zvisinei, pasinei neizvi zvakanaka kukura, remangwana vatotanga akatevedzana ndege akaramba kujeka. Hazvina kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko uye kunatsurudza nyaya kuti "747 300" womuenzaniso, izvo zvinoita kuti uise vanoronga mukati zvikuru zvakawanda yakazobuda pane muzvirevo zviviri ramazana shanduro, nokuwedzera kureba yokumusoro achipfeka. Mibvunzo kuramba kuchinja. Sei Mari-inobudirira kushandisa ndege yakadaro? Kana mari, kusanganisira kumberi? Ita uri mari yayo risi guru anoruramiswa?

Competitors havasi vavete

Nechokwadi pamusoro mamaneja uye varidzi makambani aidaro mutakurwi chokufambisa, uyewo zvakakurudzira chinotsva dambudziko munyika pakutanga manonwe. The putika kuwedzera mitengo mafuta pakarepo inflated mitengo kuti matikiti. Kudiwa nendege yakatanga kunaya zvikuru. Mafuta akadira mumoto, uye akatambudzika vakwikwidzi, kusanganisira mukati makambani. Mukuwedzera kumusika mishonga matsva, akadai DC-10, L-1011 uye A300, itsva B767 yakafara-muviri nechivimbo kuhwina nzvimbo yayo, kukwikwidzana muenzaniso "747". Driving kabhini "mazana manomwe namakumi matanhatu navanomwe" pane kubvumira vashomanana mubhazi, asi yakanga zvikuru mari, chiine, uye kudhura kuramba.

waunotarisira update

Nematambudziko akafanana zviri kutarisana nevechiduku aviagigant nzvimbo yokudenga, "Airbus A380". Rakanga yakataurwa munhu European mugadziri purogiramu Airbus A3XX, kuti pave makwikwi awane tichimhanya kubva mugadziri States. Achipindura Kutama ichi vokuAmerica yakatanga muenzaniso chirongwa "Boeing 747 500". Driving kabhini vaizotibata chizvarwa dzakatevedzana akabvumira kuti vanhu 800 chete kutiza. In newokuti basa chirongwa vatanga akatevedzana mapapiro michina ine ndege maitiro akafanana nhanhatu, asi pfungwa idzi vakaramba papepa.

Muna 2005, boka rakazivisa mumwe update rezvisikwa zvake. Elongated mamita mashanu nehafu inoyerera shanduro 747-400 kutanga vakamhanyira February 8, 2010. The muenzaniso akumbirwa Bumbiro 747-8, kana kushandisa zviri nekambani Coding mienzaniso "747 800". Paakadzinga yoku- ndege kabhini anogona kutakura panguva mashanu rimwe mutakurwi uye vaviri zvinhu aviapoddona kupfuura yapfuura shanduro V744. The mufambi shanduro ndege ndiyewo kuoneka kuchinja ziso. Log nokuda vatakurwi akatonyanya wakapamhama manera kuti uriri wechipiri vakava pesva, uye shanduro SkyBunks pasi rezasi uriri anogona kuva pamusoro rechipiri manera.

Russian chaizvoizvo

MuRussia, mukuru mutengi mienzaniso "747" - "Transaero". Driving Salon vakavhiyiwa keriya ndege hunopa zvigaro 522 vari vakawanda 20 mapuranga, kumhanya pamusoro pakutengeserana siyana. Reviews mutungamiriri, vatyairi uye vakatakurwa vari kunyanya zvakanaka. The muchina yakajeka, vakasununguka, nyore kudzora mudenga. High kumhara aerobatic chikwata inopa muchidimbu pamusoro taxiway nani, uye nemhaka yaro kujairika Maumbirwe fuselage, vamwe vatyairi wangoona "Transaero Boeing 747". Zano racho kabhini wayo configuration mukana wokushandiswa achibvumira vatakuri kumisa showrooms uye makirasi webasa siyana mitemo, kusanganisira avo. A hunoshamisa mukati zvigaro vanokwanisa uye mano ndege kunyika iri huru runway neezvitendero urefu anopa motokari iyi wokuwedzera paanopfuura vakwikwidzi dzavo dzokuEurope.