Novodvinsk nenhare: photo, sei

Kuchamhembe kunyika yedu hakuna nhare nhare mhando, kunze chete chivakwa. Zvinonzi zvishoma vakachengetedzwa kusvikira nhasi. It Novodvinsk nhare. Nokuti avo haatendi pane vaipfura kubva Satellite mepu yacho. The kuvakwa wavo anogona kunzi. Matombo matongo kuona zviitiko zvakawanda zvenhoroondo, hondo uye anokudzwa kukunda. Kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro nhare Novodvinsk, zvakafanira kuuya pamusoro rwavakaita. Sei kuti shongwe nhoroondo kuti rinomiririra, uye sokunge ikozvino - nezvazvo pashure.

tsananguro

Novodvinsk nhare muguta Arkhangelsk yakavakwa paitonga Peter I. kare semupi vazvikudze nemasoja Russian. Varwi vatorwa noruzivo pamberi kwake nokutya. Pane zvave rinorema kurwa. In mufananidzo unogona kuona kuti nhasi chidziro iri zvishoma vakachengetedzwa.

Pamahombekombe erwizi Malaya Dvinka Peter I akarayira kuvaka nhare. Yakanga 1700. Uyu mambo chisarudzo chakanga nokuti akanga achinyatsoziva kuti kunongova guta rimwe iro yeSweden aigona kurwisa Russian munyika. Chinhu chikuru chengarava guta Arkhangelsk.

Pano, wokutanga shipyard uye akasika Admiralty dzateyiwa. Maererano Kesari, Novodvinsk nhare aifanira zvachose haripindiki. Yaiva nzira dzinokosha pfungwa muvengi chokuti pasava.

Novodvinsk nhare kubva pakutanga XVIII remakore, sezvinoratidzwa pane kuongorora nhoroondo yaro uye sayenzi yezvinocherwa mumatongo, aigona kuramba yakati masoja kupfuura 1,000.

Construction nhare

Novodvinsk nhare mapikicha kukurukurwa pazasi, yakanga yakagadzirwa uye yakavakwa mapurani G. Reza. Akasarudza akanakisisa nzvimbo rokuvaka iri. Lynskey Priluk. Muchirimo 1701 kuvakwa nhare kwakatangwa.

Muitiro vakatamira nokukurumidza. Mwedzi yapfuura wakagadzirirwa pakuvaka hwaro. Muna June iroro nheyo chivakwa dzateyiwa nevashandi. Swedish Mauto vakaedza kuchidzivirira, vakaedza kuzorwisa kuchiteshi. Asi hondo Russian vakatama pano vakawanda pfuti.

Kubva Orlets nokuti pakuvaka nhare yakavakwa pamusoro ngarava huni akapa ibwe jena. Vakabatsira kuita muitiro, uye nemakanzuru dzemamongi. Muna 1702, Mambo pachake akatarisira kuvakwa.

Inenge ose mabasa apera ne 1705. Paivawo nhare masvingo, nharire. By zvarayirwa Peter nhare akabatwa 108 pfuti. Uye 1711 zvakanzi pakupedzisira wakaita zvose kuzvidzivirira hurongwa uye masvingo. Muna 1731 chivako akanzi Russian kuzvidzivirira hurongwa.

Kusiyana of Novodvinsk Fortress

Mune ramangwana, iyo nhare vakashumira chinangwa chawo zvakazara. Raiva maumbirwo adzo kuchamhembe chikamu Russia chokutanga. Novodvinsk Fortress (Arkhangelsk) kwaienderana mu zvachiri kune Dutch manyorerwo. Asati yake akafanana bastions muchikamu chino nyika yava kumbovapo.

Zvivako kwakadaro zvinowanika munyika dzakadai Holland, America, uyewo vaimbova mapoka munyika idzi. Vane zvavo nevamwe zvinhu. Ava chete miitiro vane Arkhangelsk zvivakwa.

Nhare dzakavakwa chimiro sikweya. Rine 4 bastions. Flag ichi, Sea, guva Rogatochny uye zvivako zvechiuto. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kureba rusvingo panguva iyoyo raiva 300 m, uye kukwirira -. 5 m The Ukobvu nhare yakasvika kunzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana 2.5-3.5 M Mumwe nhare yaiva nepakati kure. Mamita 120.

Midziyo mukati nhare

Novodvinsk nhare XVIII remakore, nhoroondo uye sayenzi yezvinocherwa mumatongo izvo Vatsvakurudzi vanofarira kusvikira ikozvino, akanga ayo chaiyo womukati mamiriro pachavo. Kutaura nhare Novodvinsk muna Arkhangelsk, mufambi aigona kuwana mukati kuburikidza matatu anoti: Dvina, Summer, Ravelin. Kare, vakanga artfully yakashongedzwa.

Siya Castle uye zvaibvira kuburikidza tunnels kana yokushayiwa. Paiva vanenge 10, asi nhasi vari zvinobudirira shoma wakasara.

Military akagara zvivako pamusoro munharaunda iyoyo. Yemauto dzakavakwa pedyo Dvinskikh uye magedhi kutiza. Paiva inoita uye chechi St. Peter uye St. Paul. Her vatsvene vachiri pasi kuvakwa muna 1702. Saka vose mitemo uye canons nguva Novodvinsk nhare ainzi Petro naPauro. Vachikudza zita chechi. Asi vanhu pachavo vane vakauti nhare Novodvinskaya. Kwapera nguva, uye chechi pachayo vakatanga kunzi zvakanaka.

Chokunze divi wakakombwa

Kunze nhare akanga akachera rakafara gomba. Rukazadza mvura. Yakafara yakanga panguva 28-30 mamita. Zvakanga kuzvidavirira wakanaka, waiva Novodvinsk nhare. Sei mukati ichi akavakirirwa zvivakwa? Hazvina kuoma. Ndokusaka muvengi anotya varwi Russian, mukati mamasvingo izvi.

Urefu uye kontreskarpnyh eskarpnyh nomugero masvingo amabwe yakasvika 3 m. Ivo yave mudungwe pamwe Slabs michena reraimu, ivo vakasungirira ne simbi zvinodyiwa. Kubva rwizi chakaparadzaniswa mugoronga masvingo pamusoro 4 metres kureba. Vaiva kuenderera ibwe wepachiteshi chacho ainzi akadana cofferdam.

Gateway yaiva kuchamhembe pavo, panopinda mvura zvakapinda mugomba. Izvi zvakanga nokusimbaradza mvura yakanga vakapakata nzira yakavanzwa, uye akaita rusvingo. Pano yaiva nomubato pakati glacis.

The Novodvinsk Fort Kutyisidzirwa muna Crimean War mazuva

In makore Crimean War (1854-1856 gg.) Aiva wokupedzisira yakakombwa nhare Novodvinsk. Ndiyo yaiva nguva yokupedzisira raishandiswa chinangwa chahwo. Muna January 1863 iri nhare yakanga kunyimwa yayo inokosha chinzvimbo chokuita pokufa nezvikepe muguta.

Novodvinsk Fortress (Arkhangelsk) rakapiwa muna 1864, guta diocese. Kwakasarudzwa kuronga revakadzi kukoreji. Zvisinei, kubva yakadaro asingashumbi hake akanga nokukurumidza kusiyiwa. Chisarudzo ichi chaiva nokuda pakutanga pakuvaka njanji pakati Vologda uye Arkhangelsk. yakawanda dombo zvaida rekuronga zvechitima. Panyaya iyi, vafundisi ava vakatengesa chikamu masvingo wakakombwa yokuvaka zvinodiwa.

The kamwe rakaisvonaka Castle akanga ikava banal chivakwa zvinhu.

The mberi mugumo wakakombwa

Muna 1898, kuti tinyatsonzwisisa mamiriro wakakombwa masvingo raitwa. Arkhangelsk gavhuna akarambidza kutengeswa kwezvivako muchimiro kuvaka zvinhu. Saka nhoroondo shongwe akapona, kunyange zvazvo akanga panguva iyoyo zvikuru sousingabatsiri.

Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20 kare chikwata matongo, restorers uye vanotsvakurudza vakatanga kushingaira kudzidza kukurukurwa shongwe. Muna 1913, pashure basa rinoitwa navo, nhare waibatanidzwa mazita varipo Russian.

Mumakore pre-hondo paiva nevana nyika. It yaiva yokupara vemhosva. Panguva Second World War ipapo rakavambwa kugadzirwa mvura-yetsiva nemotokari. Basa rinoitwa vaimbova vasungwa vane vana yaitongwa.

Muna 1990, rimwe boka remasayendisiti vakatanga kutakura ikoko basa iri kudzorerwa mumatongo kamwe mbiri uye anotyisa nhare.

How kuenda Novodvinsk Fortress?

At 19 km kubva guta inhare Novodvinsk (Arkhangelsk). How kusvika kunzvimbo zvino iri matongo, anozivikanwa vatungamiriri. Chokutanga, unofanira kuenda chitsuwa Brevnik. From Arkhangelsk pano kutakura vanhu chete nemvura. Zvichienderana mazambuko pfungwa vanofanira kuenda kubva 5 kusvika 12 km nepanyika kuburikidza misha. With Brevnika kuna Linsky Priluk ingasvikwa duku zambuko.

Unogona kuwana pano uye kutenderera. Muchiitiko chino, tichafanira kumirira kusvikira vataipa boka. The anofungidzirwa mutengo anenge 1000 rubles. Izvi imhaka mutengo bhazi kuti chikepe atasve, izvo zvinodhura chaizvo.

Vakazvimiririra kusvika Novodvinsk Fortress chakaoma, asi zvinoita. In mvura chokufambisa, saka motokari kana bhazi (anomhanya kushoma chaizvo). Unogona kuedza kunyange kufamba. Asi refu nzira, saka izvi zvikuru richikunetesa.

It sokunge nhare nhasi?

Novodvinsk nhare pairi Tours vari dererei, zvino sokunge nzvimbo dongo. masvingo aro vari pasi pehurumende kudzivirira. mabasa Small kudzorerwa kuitwa kuti mamiriro haina pakuparara zvachose.

Panguva iyoyo, chete akadzorera Rogatochny nhare uye rusvingo pamberi France. Pane nezvakataurwa uriri, gogodza huni. Iye akaisa zvikwangwani zvirongwa ehondo vakatora nzvimbo pano.

Pane zvino imba commandant vake, apo chikwata restorers mupenyu. Care anofanira kutorwa kufamba nomubato, sezvo zvingangodaro akawisa. Zvino pano ava chakasakara hurongwa sezvo mukuru kumba upfu keg. Kare, nokuti nomugero akanga kuviga varwi.

Restorers ndakasika duku rakazaruka-mhepo Museum, ndiro duku ndiro rine chiratidzo zviitiko zvinokosha upenyu nhare.

Novodvinsk nhare zvino chinokosha munhoroondo shongwe. Vanhu vanouya pano kubva zvose pamusoro Russia. Chokwadi, ichi hachisi hombe, yakaisvonaka wamambo, asi ine yayo kusiyana. Pashure pokuvakwa haana kuvakwazve kwemakore mazana matatu. Ngaabatsire nhoroondo dzekare vanogona nyore kuva ichi nhare yekare.