Distemper muRussia

Distemper muRussia - inosvika makore 1598-1613, apo hurumende yakanga kusangana enyika uye socio-ezvoupfumi nematambudziko. Tatar Kurwisa, kuti wokuLivonia War oprichnina Ivan vanotyisa kwakatungamirira destabilization uye vakabatsira kuti kukura yokusagutsikana simba.

Soloviev aidavira kuti huru mhaka Troubles kwaiva kurwisana kare druzhina akatanga nehurumende itsva, sezviri hondo yamadzimambo pamusoro kwamachinda. N. Kostomarov vaiona mhaka Nguva Troubles nemanomano mambo Polish uye papa simba. B. Klyuchevskii akaona Midzi dambudziko iri peculiarities ari kukura Russian wehurumende: kuti simba guru rakanga chairwo anomaly - Mambo Tingawaneiko kwete chete mutongi, asi vo muridzi munyika Russian. Vamwe vanyori venhau dzakaitika vakaona mhaka Troubles pachayo ushe Ivan anotyisa, ake safunga womukati mutemo, izvo zvakazoita kuti weboka vanhu muzvikwata zviri kurwira nyika.

mumatanho Troubles

Danho rokutanga yakanga dzinoratidzwa kutamburira choumambo siyana evamiriri. Rokutanga pashure pokufa Ivana Groznogo akakwira chigaro mwanakomana wake Theodore, uyo aisakwanisa dzedare nyika, uye chaizvoizvo kune mukadzi womukoma wake - Boris Godunov. tsartsvovanie ake pamwe kwazvo ukapisa murwi kunyika. Board "munyengeri" chikonzero chisimba Kusagutsikana vanhu.

Distemper muRussia chaizvoizvo kunotanga chitarisiko muPoland Falsdmitry (Grigoriy Otrepev), uyo akazivisa pachake anenge asara mwanakomana Ivana Groznogo. Part of Russian vokuparidzira pakarepo akatsigira nayo, ipapo yabudirira kutsigira gavhuna uye yose Moscow. Muna 1605, akava mambo akakodzera, asi rusununguko rwake kunyanyisa kufadza boyars, uye kutsigira akazaruka serfdom pamusoro pake uye miduku yokuruwa. Dai 17, 1606 Nhema Dmitry I vakaurayirwa chigaro uye anotsiviwa Vasiliy Shuysky, pasi kukamurwa simba rake.

Nguva Troubles rechipiri yakatanga akakurumbira kumukira Ivan Bolotnikov, iyo kunangana nezviremera. The Battle of Moscow, Bolotnikov yakakundwa. Asi nevakawanda Kusagutsikana haana kumborega. Against ichi kumashure, pane Nedzenhema Dmitry II. Pakutanga 1608 mauto ake vakafora kuMoscow. Muna July, iye ndokugara Suburban Tushino, achizivisa guta rake wechokwadi Russia.

Shuya pakupindura yava vakagumisa sungano Sweden uye Commonwealth, iro rakatanga hasha zviito uye zvakamanikidzwa kutizira Nedzenhema Dmitry II Kaluga. Shuya Akabviswa pachigaro choumambo tonsured sezvo mumongi.

MuRussia, nguva Semiboyarshina - interregnum, apo hurumende akashandura kudare boyars nomwe. Vakaumba kubatana vokuPoland nechisimba, uye muna 1610 Moscow akapika mhiko kuna mambo wePolish. Pakupera kwegore akaurayiwa Venhema Dmitry II, asi hondo nokuti chigaro haana kurega.

Troubles mu Russia akapinda munguva rechitatu, iyo inozivikanwa pakurwisa kwokunze nechisimba. nyika Russian vakaungana kuti varwise Poles, iro akawana nyika hunhu. Varwi Kuzma Minin uye Dmitry Pozharsky akasvika Moscow muna August 1612 uye ndokusunungurwa naye. Izvi zvaireva kuti kuvhiringidzika kuRussia ramakore rechi17 yapera.

Zemsky Sobor February 21, 1613 Mambo akakodzera akagadza muduku Mikhail Romanov. Izvi pashure kakawanda zvikuru, dzakadai pamushandirapamwe kuzorwa Moscow vanhu nevarwi, kuti convening ane Zemsky Sobor uye Pozharsky basa iri sarudzo mutemo wamambo.

Nguva Troubles uye nemigumisiro yayo

Munyika Troubles anosara akavhiringirwa papfuma, vakasvika kuderera mune zvokutengeserana uye ounyanzvi. Results of Troubles vakaramba Russia kukura shure ichienzaniswa nyika dzokuEurope. Kuti kudzorera upfumi, zvaitora akawanda emakore.

Distemper muRussia rava pakachinja nyika nguva. It akataura kutadza mbiri dzakanga yaingowanikwa hurumende yeRussia. Mismatch vainyepera kwamachinda (izvo kudimburira masimba mambo) yezvakaita mukuru simba, uye vanhu vanotarisa kwaari (vaida kuona simba Mhedziso). Uyewo akataura chimwe gogonera kuparadzirwa mabasa pakati makirasi, waiwanira zvido zvose oga rehurumende chepaseka.

All haana kuzeza ape Mutongo dynastic uye ino kutamburira socio-enyika repasi makirasi pamusoro pemasimba. Asi izvi hazvina kuita kuti disintegration munzanga, uye vatorwa nechisimba akamutsa zvese ane pfungwa kubatana nenyika.