AES: Data Encryption

Pasina mubvunzo, vakawanda vanoshandisa makombiyuta Indaneti (uye kwete chete) vakanzwa iri rokuti, sezvo mashoko encryption AES. Imhandoi ezvinhu, chii algorithms inoshandisa uye chii parinoshandiswa, ane pfungwa pane zvishoma denderedzwa vanhu. Vanhuwo vanoshandisa ndeyokuita uye makuru uzivewo uye havadi. Zvisinei, funga izvi cryptographic ezvinhu, kunyanya pasina kungomhanyira zvakaoma masvomhu uye Masvomhu kuti zvaizova inonzwisisika chero munhu.

Chii AES-encryption?

Ngatitange pamwe ndechokuti ezvinhu pachahwo akaita algorithms kuvanza kutanga nemaonero mamwe zvitange, vakagamuchira kana kuchengetwa kuburikidza anoishandisa pakombiyuta Data. Kakawanda rinoshandiswa muna Internet michina sezvo kunodiwa kuitira zvakavanzika zvakazara mashoko, uye rinoreva inonzi symmetric encryption algorithms.

AES encryption mhando kunosanganisira kushandisa kutendeuka mashoko ari kuchengetedzwa muchimiro uye Ivan Kuchin decoding zvakafanana kiyi, iyo inozivikanwa, uye kutumira nokugamuchira divi, kusafanana symmetric encryption, umo miviri kiyi akapa kushanda - akazaruka uye yakavharwa. Saka, zviri nyore kugumisa kuti kana vaviri vanoziva yakarurama kiyi, kuti encryption uye Decryption kwacho rinoitwa nyore zvakakwana.

A Nhoroondo shoma

AES-encryption kokutanga inotaurwa 2000, apo nomunhu Des hurongwa kusarudzwa makwikwi, waiva mureza muUnited States kubva muna 1977, Kumukundi aiva Rijndael algorithm.

Muna 2001, AES-maitiro akanga pamutemo ave mutsva Federal Data Encryption Standard, uye kubva rakashandiswa nevakawanda.

Types AES encryption

algorithms shanduka zvaisanganisira zvenguva matanho akawanda, izvo kazhinji vakasonganira yakawedzera anokosha kureba. Nhasi kune mhando nhatu huru: AES-128 encryption, AES-192 uye AES-256.

Zita anotaura woga. Digital signage unoenderana kureba kiyi inoshandiswa, anoratidzwa matomu. Uyewo, AES-encryption chinoshanda chinogumbura mhando unoshanda zvakananga yakatarwa urefu Data zviyero, yeEncoding nomumwe wavo, kusiyana-mutsetse algorithms kuti ushande zviratidzo chete mashoko rakavhurika, kushandura navo imwe encrypted muchimiro. Muna AES chinogumbura kureba 128 matomu.

Kutaura mutauro sayenzi, zvakafanana algorithm kuti anoshandisa AES-256 encryption, zvinoreva kushanda maererano polynomial mifananidzo remapazi uye Codes zviri kubudiswa maviri-dimensional arrays (matrices).

Ungazviita sei?

The algorithm zvinoshanda chaizvo kunzwisisa, asi kunosanganisira kushandisa mashoma zvinokosha. Pakutanga, mbiri-dimensional chizvaro rinoshandiswa, kutendeuka zvinogara (vaitenderera), kumativi makiyi uye matafura uye kuzvishandura kutanga permutation.

The date encryption ine matanho akawanda:

• kukarukureta ose kumativi kiyi;
• byte kuzvitsinhanisa uchishandisa S-Box huru tafura;
• dzinofamba chimiro kushandisa dzakasiyana zvakawanda (ona mufananidzo pamusoro.);
• nokusanganisa date mukati nerimwe shongwe chizvaro (chakuvhuvhu);
• Kuwedzera chimiro uye kumativi kiyi.

Achiongorora zvaive zvinoitwa nekwekupedzesera, asi panzvimbo tafura S-Box tafura zvinoshanda Ivan Kuchin nezvinobvamo, rakanga ambotaurwa.

Kana muenzaniso, kana kiyi urefu 4 matomu vanofanira iterate kuburikidza 16 zvose nzendo (vaitenderera), kuti zvinokosha kuona zvose zvinobvira anofambidzana, uchitanga 0000 uye kuzviuraya 1111. Chokwadi, kudzivirira kwakadaro hunoparadza nekukurumidza zvakakwana. Asi kana iwe tora kiyi zvakawanda 16-ikakuruma vanoda 65.536 matanho, uye nokuda 256-ikakuruma - 1,1 x 10 ^77. Uye sezvo nyanzvi yakati American, pamusoro zvakakodzera pakusarudza wemishonga (kiyi) achatora anenge 149 tiririyoni makore.

Kuti kushandisa kana iwe akamisa nemambure iri tsika: AES kana TKIP?

Tava kuenda pakushandisa AES-256 kuti encrypt humboo akatuma uye akagamuchira mune Wireless network.

Kazhinji, chero router (router), pane nzira dzakawanda kusarudza kubva: bedzi AES, TKIP, uye AES chete + TKIP. Ivo anoshandiswa zvichienderana dzakati (WEP kana WEP2). Asi! System TKIP ndiye zvisingachashandi nokuti ane yakaderera dhigirii vadzivirirwe kana rutsigiro 802.11n connectivity ari mashoko kuwedzera kukuru 54 Mbits / s. Saka, mhedziso yokutanga kushandiswa AES ane vakachengeteka muoti WPA2-PSK iri pachena, kunyange unogona kushandisa zvose algorithms aiwanzopiwa wokushanda.

Mibvunzo nokuvimbika uye rakachengeteka AES algorithms

Pasinei ruzha Mitsara nyanzvi, AES algorithms vachiri vanotambura pfungwa, nokuti chaizvo hunhu encryption ane nyore Kurondedzerwa algebraic. Yakati ne Niels Ferguson. Uye muna 2002, Joseph uye Nikolya Kurtua Pepshik yakabudisa nyaya tuzvikonzero zvinogona kurwisa XSL. Zvisinei, zviri munyika kwesayenzi hwakonzera gakava, uye vamwe vainzwa kukarukureta zvavo zvakaipa.

nokufungidzira yakaitwa muna 2005 kuti vavashungurudza aigona kushandisa yechitatu-party migero, kwete chete masvomhu. Panguva iyoyowo rimwe kurwisa kwakaita inofungidzirwa kiyi pashure 800 kushandiswa, apo mumwe kurigamuchira 2 ³² akavhiyiwa (rorusere kumativi).

Pasina mubvunzo, nhasi ino uye aigona kunzi mumwe zvemberi, kana kwete mumwe asi. Makore mashoma apfuura paIndaneti sefungu utachiona kurwiswa, umo utachiona coder (uye Panguva uyewo extortionist), rakapinza makombiyuta encrypted zvizere mashoko yaida decoding kuti yakachena mari. Panyaya iyi, mushumo yakati kuti encryption rinoitwa kushandisa AES1024 algorithm, rakanga vakatenda kusvikira ichangopfuura, havapo.

Like kana kwete, asi kunyange inonyatsozivikanwa zvikuru yokuvaka kuti antivirus software, kusanganisira "Kaspersky Lab", apo vachiedza decrypt mashoko akanga asina simba. Nyanzvi dzakawanda akabvuma kuti wakashata utachiona I Love You, kamwe chirwere mamiriyoni makombiyuta kupota nyika uye kuvaparadza mashoko anokosha mukuenzaniswa kutyisidzira zvakazoonekwa kuti zvechihwana prattle. Uyezve, I Love You More akanga zvainanga nhau, uye utachiona itsva vaiva kuwana zvakavanzika mashoko makambani chete guru. Zvisinei, kutaura pachena kuti pano Rakashandiswsa encryption AES-1024, hapana anogona.

mhedziso

Kana pamwero kupfupikisa, chero zvazvingava tinogona kutaura kuti AES-encryption iri nokure zvemberi uye akadzivirira, pasinei Kureba kiyi inoshandiswa. Hazvishamisi, ndiwo mutemo yaishandiswa cryptosystems dzakawanda, uye ane zvakarurama yakafara vangangoramba kukura uye kuvandudzika foreseeable ramangwana, zvikuru kuti zvichida chaizvo aigona kuva uye kubatanidza mhando dzakawanda encryption imwe chikwata (somuenzaniso, kushandisa kufanana kwakaita symmetric uye asymmetric kana misa uye kumhanyira encryption).