Apo Gungwa Beaufort iri?

A duku Suburban dziva, mazita British Navy Admiral Francis Beaufort - Sea pamwe utsinye okunze uye nedzimwe rakanaka nechando yakanaka. Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro pegungwa? kana zvakakwana kudzidza?

nzvimbo

Mumwe mubvunzo wokutanga unomuka, umo penyanza ndiro Gungwa Beaufort. Aiomerwa mhinduro hazvifaniri kuitika. gungwa iri munzvimbo kweArctic Ocean. Kubva ichi tinogona kufungidzira anofungidzirwa nzvimbo dura pamepu. Asi zviri nani kwete zvokufungidzira, asi zvakananga kubvunza pamusoro pana Gungwa Beaufort.

Chaiwo nzvimbo inogona tsunga sezvinotevera: Gungwa Beaufort anorara zvishoma kuchamhembe Alaska Peninsula (ndima US), kuti Yukon uye Northwest Canada. Muganhu wokumabvazuva anomhanya achitevedza Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Western uye okumabvazuva miganhu anotsanangurwa muGungwa chukchi neGungwa Baffin, ukuwo.

Chii chinozivikanwa pamusoro ubanguranyika Gungwa?

Mumwe dzinonakidza mubvunzo: "Ndiani havawanzoiti Sea Beaufort?". Pamutemo, izvozvo yakavhurwa 1826. tsananguro wokutanga gungwa itsva yaita polar aiongorora John Franklin. Zvisinei, zvinopesana netsika, akapa mudhamu idzva harisi zita rake, uye immortalized zita akakurumbira British mukuru uye musayendisiti, uyo akazova Admiral - F. Beaufort. Sea immortalized zita munhu anenge akatsaurira upenyu hwake kuna hydrography uye vakava pakafunuka kusarudza mhepo simba.

John Franklin akaita dzakawanda Arctic nzendo uye Akaongorora pemhenderekedzo Sea Beaufort. Iyewo nechikepe pakachena pondi pavo. Panguva neboka ramakororo, akapedzisira awana gandiwa kuNorth America, Tatsunga kuti kuchamhembe payakangopfuura - Butia.

Muna 1851, Gungwa Beaufort rwendo vakakwanisa kuyambuka R. Collison, uyo akazarura rwezasi mukana muna Prince of Wales Strait. Mugore iroro munyika muaizi yomuGungwa Beaufort rwendo ndakadaro John McClure. Vaongorori dzakamanikidzwa kusiya ngarava dzavo, asi vakanunurwa.

Muna 1905 "rwendo kuna Eskimos" Zvakatora Canadian Stefansson. Iyewo havawanzoiti Sea Beaufort.

musayendisiti A kuzivikanwa Russian, Dhokotera Geographical Sciences, Kochurov Boris Ivanovich, aishanda mune cartography, ekodiagnostiki pakubata kwezvakatipoteredza simba. Vakadzidza siyana nharaunda dzakadai Altay, Ural, saha, kuFar East uye peArctic nharaunda. Panguva yake basa nesayenzi iye Akaongorora Kochurov Bi uye Gungwa Beaufort.

Water tembiricha zviratidzi

Masayendisiti anodavira kuti gungwa tembiricha kuti Beaufort tinofanira kutsunga mana akaturikidzana:

1. The chapamusoro runoonekwa kuti mamita 100 zvakadzama. Pano, tembiricha kunosiyana-siyana ari kubvisa-siyana kubva -0,4 ° C kuti -1,8 ° zhizha kuti chando.
2. rukoko urwu aumbwa Pacific rechibharo aibuda kuti anoenda kuburikidza ari Bering Strait. paiva nemvura wechipiri zvishoma inodziya, asi kwete yekudyidzana.
3. Inotevera rukoko ndiyo inodziya. It chakaumbwa Atlantic dzenzvimbo uye ane tembiricha of 0 kusvika + 1 ° C.
4. Chinonyanya rukoko yaiva zvishoma unotonhorera, asi kwete kuti chando sapane pamusoro, kubva -0,4 kusvika -0,9 ° C.

Rwako muGungwa Beaufort tenderera counterclockwise. Izvi zvinonzi cyclonic kutenderera. Maererano nemitemo chete pane makopi ose dzenzvimbo kweArctic Ocean.

Huru parameters

Ngationei dzinokosha parameters pamusoro womukati gungwa kuti unobereka zita Francis Beaufort. Gungwa rine zvachose nzvimbo anenge 480 zviuru ba. Km. Avhareji kudzika dura -. 1000 M Panguva gobvu pfungwa - anenge 4700 mamita.

salinity yegungwa hakusi yakakwirira chaizvo. It yemakomo kubvira 28 kusvika 33 ppm.

River, Bay pamusoro Islands

Pane dzimwe kusiyana nevamwe makungwa kweArctic Ocean. Sezvo dziva ainzi pashure gungwa Francis Beaufort - nechomukati, nzizi kuti vakawanda dzinoyerera mariri. Izvi kunyanya anosvikirwa uye zviduku nokuhova, ramakagadzwa rinonyatsooneka - p. Mackenzie. Kubva pakati penzizi zvinogona dzakanyorwa - Anderson, Colville, Sagavanirktok. Zhinji yakachena mvura uye emadhaka emadhaka nokusika rakasiyana muviri remvura uye pasi kwakaita nzvimbo yacho.

The romumhenderekedzo yegungwa pasherefu chikamu ane zvitsuwa zviduku zvakawanda, zvinosanganisira mavhu. kukwirira dzavo uye kukura vari dzichichinja pasi aomerwa echando uye dzenzvimbo.

Nemhenderekedzo iri mukati dzakawanda bays.

pasi ruyamuro

A chinokosha weGungwa Beaufort iri nhete Continental pasherefu, noupamhi chiri pamusoro 50 km. Nokuti pasherefu udzamu miganhu yekudyidzana kuipa.

River emadhaka kusika gobvu sedimentary crystalline deposits. From Delta Mackenzie River Somuenzaniso, zvicherwa dolomite inowira iri pasi sediments.

At pasi pegungwa rakawanikwa minda mafuta, vari kufarira chaizvo. Mafuta gasi bheseni ine nharaunda kusvika 120 zviuru. Km. budiriro Its rakatanga muna 1965 uye kuitwa saka kure.

Biota

MuGungwa Beaufort, musha anenge 70 mhando phytoplankton. Asi nhamba biomass hakusi guru.

Zooplankton zvakawanda siyana, ane 80 marudzi. Uyezve, zviri musha anenge 700 mhando crustaceans uye mollusks.

Okunze ari kukuomesera, chiedza uye shoma nekupisa. Sea 11 months yegore rinosanganisira paiva chando. Izvi zvinoita zvipingamupinyi inokosha kuongorora pakadzika vagere.

About mumatanda hove, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. The inonyanya tsvina, capelin nesafironi kodhi. Uyezve, inowanikwa zvakawanda mhando kodhi uye herring hove. Pane seflounder, halibut uye zvomumvura makava.

Mhuka vanonzwa mumvura uye pamahombekombe zvikuru takasununguka. Zviri musha hove huru, beluga hove huru, zvisimbiso walruses. Dzimwe nguva pane polar shark.

Sezvo Gungwa Beaufort ndiyo havaratidzi anozivikanwa munyika, zvinogona kupa masayendisiti akawanda zvinoshamisa. Chinhu chikuru - usakanda mapfumo uye uchidzidza.